The burst strength is one of the most important characteristics for nonwovens. The strength of three kinds of the nonwoven were detected under four testing radius, including the wood spunlace nonwoven, the Spunbond-Meltblown-Spunbond (SMS) nonwoven and the melt nonwoven. The precise results of the SMS and the melt nonwoven could be received by removing the influence of the elastic membrane and the single-peak fitting. The influence of the testing radius to the strength results was also studied, and the semiempirical formula (q0=k/r3) was deduced using the elastic mechanics theory and testing data.
Objective To investigate the method and effectiveness of V-U-shaped flaps in repairing soft tissue defect of the fingertip. Methods Between January 2006 and February 2011, 47 patients (55 fingers) with soft tissue defect of fingertip were treated by using the V-U-shaped flaps. There were 25 males and 22 females, aged 18 to 35 years (mean, 26 years). The injury was caused by cuts in 21 cases and avulsion in 26 cases. The time between injury and admission was 1 to 6hours with an average of 2.6 hours. The injured fingers included thumb (18 fingers), index finger (10 fingers), middle finger (10 fingers), ring finger (9 fingers), and l ittle finger (8 fingers). Forty-one fingers had skin avulsion of the distal interphalangeal joint with phalanx exposure, and 14 fingers had distal dactylopodite defect and second phalanx exposure. The size of wound ranged from 1.1 cm × 1.0 cm to 1.9 cm × 1.7 cm. The time between injury and first-stage operation was 2 to 7 hours with an average of 5 hours. In the first-stage operation, the pedicled flap was used to repair the defect of dactylopodite. Then at 3 weeks after the first-stage operation, one U-shaped flap and two V-shaped flaps were prepared to cover defect of the fingertips in the second-stage operation. Results At 2 days after the second-stage operation, congestion and bl isters occurred in 5 fingers, and were improved after symptomatic treatment. The other flaps survived, and wounds healed by first intention. Incisions at the donor site healed primarily. After the second-stage operation, 42 cases (50 fingers) were followed up 6 to 12 months (mean, 8.9 months). The appearance, texture, and color of the flaps were similar to normal skin. Injured fingers had tactile, pain, and thalposis, and the two point discrimination was 5-8 mm. At last follow-up, according to the functional assessment standards by the Chinese Medical Association Society of Hand Surgery of the upper l imbs, the results were excellent in 46 fingers and good in 4 fingers. Conclusion V-U-shaped flaps can be considered as an ideal method to repair soft tissue defect of the fingertip because of good appearance and function recovery.
Objective To investigate whether sodium tanshinone ⅡA sulphonate ( STS) treatment attenuates pulmonary edema of seawater drowning ( PE-SWD) , and examine the effects of STS on Na-KATPase(NKA) in PE-SWD. Methods Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into there groups, ie. a normal group ( NG) , a seawater group ( SG) , and a STS treatment group ( TG) . The rat model of PE-SWD was established by seawater instillation. PaO2 , histological changes of lungs, lung wet /dry weight ratio ( W/D) ,pulmonary microvascular permeability ( PMVP) , and NKA activity were detected. Western blot were used to test the effects of STS on NKA-α1 expression. Results Seawater instillation decreased PaO2 and the expression of NKA, while increased W/D ratio and PMVP. At 2 h after seawater instillation, the PaO2 in the TG group were significantly higher than those in the SG group, and peaked at 4 h after seawater instillation.Histological examination showed that there were hemorrhage, edema, markedly thickened alveolar wall, and infiltration of inflammatory cells in alveolar spaces in the SG group, but lung injury was significantly alleviated in the TG group. W/D ratio and PMVP in the TG group were significantly lower than those in the SG group. Additionally, NKA activity and NKA-α1 expression were significantly higher in the TG group than those in the SG group. Conclusion STS treatment can attenuate pulmonary edema of seawater drowning which may be related with up-regulating Na-K-ATPase activity and expression.
ObjectiveTo summarize clinical results and experience of subarterial ventricular septal defect (sVSD) closure through a minimal right vertical infra-axillary incision in children, and evaluate the feasibility of this technique. MethodsClinical data of 27 sVSD patients who underwent surgical repair through a minimal right vertical infra-axillary incision from March 2009 to January of 2013 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. There were 20 male and 7 female patients with their age of 1.1-11.0 (4.4±2.8) years and body weight of 7.6-28.0 (14.6±5.3) kg. After induction of anesthesia, the patients were placed in a 90 degree left lateral position. The incision was performed along right midaxillary line vertically between the superior border of the third rib and inferior border of the fifth rib. The thoracic cavity was entered through the fourth intercostal space. The pericardium was opened 2 cm anterior to the phrenic nerve and suspended to elevate the heart and great vessels by the pericardial traction sutures. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was established after cannulation of the ascending aorta, superior vena cava and inferior vena cava. Closure of sVSD was performed through longitudinal pulmonary incision. After procedures under CPB finished, the aortic cannula was removed and the pericardium was closed with interrupted sutures. The thoracic drainage tube was placed through the sixth intercostal space. All the patients were followed up 3, 6 and/or 12 months after surgery. Satisfactory degree of the patients and their relatives were evaluated. Chest X-ray, electrocardiography and echocardiography were examined. ResultsSurgical repair of sVSD was performed in all the patients through this incision without any difficulty, incision prolongation or conversion to another incision. There was no in-hospital death, reexploration for bleeding, postoperative atelectasis, pulmonary infection, pleural effusion, impairment of central nervous system, phrenic nerve damage, poor wound healing, wound infection or pericardial effusion. Incision length was 4.4-7.0 (5.07±0.66) cm. Echocardiography before discharge showed no residual shunt in all the patients. All the patients were followed up 3, 6 and/or 12 months at the outpatient department or via the phone. During follow-up, there was no late death, residual shunt or chest asymmetry. The short incision under the armpit was obscured and provided favorable cosmetic results. All the patients and their relatives were satisfied with the cosmetic results. ConclusionRepair of sVSD through a minimal right vertical infra-axillary incision is feasible and safe for children. The advantages of this technique are favorable for children with sVSD.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of myocardial perfusion change before and after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in predicting postoperative major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).MethodsA total of 70 CABG patients who received CABG completed by the same operator from January to November 2017 were selected, including 45 males and 25 females with an average age of 64.83±9.09 years. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether the patients had MACE after 1 year of the surgery, including a non-MACE group (group A, n=60) and a MACE group (group B, n=10). The clinical data of patients were compared.ResultsThere were statistical difference in the myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) score in the group A before and after surgery (P<0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in the left ventricular size and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) value before and 1 year after surgery (P<0.001), but no statistically significant difference in the size of left atrium (P=0.075). There was no significant difference in the preoperative and postoperative MCE score, and preoperative and postoperative 1-year cardiac ultrasound score in the group B (P>0.05).ConclusionThe change of myocardial perfusion after CABG surgery is associated with postoperative MACE. The evaluation of myocardial perfusion before and after CABG surgery is of great significance for the prognosis evaluation of patients.
ObjectiveTo observe the efficacy and safety of urokinase arterial thrombolysis in the treatment of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) at different time window.MethodsA retrospective study. From January 2014 to November 2019, 157 eyes (157 CRAO patients) in the Xi’an People's Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital) were included in the study. There were 120 males and 37 females, with the average age of 54.87±12.12 years. The mean onset time was 65.66±67.44 h. All patients were tested with BCVA using international standard visual acuity chart, and the results were converted into logMAR visual acuity record. The arm-retinal circulation time (A-Rct) and the filling time (FT) of retinal arterial trunk-terminal filling time were measured by FFA. The mean logMAR BCVA was 2.44±0.46, the mean A-Rct and FT were 27.72±9.78 and 13.58±14.92 s respectively. According to the time window, the patients were divided into the onset 3-72 h group and the onset 73-240 h group, which were 115 patients and 42 patients respectively. There were no statistically significant difference between the 3-72 h group and the 73-240 h group in age, A-Rct and LogMR BCVA before treatment (χ2=－0.197, －1.242, －8.990; P=0.844, 0.369, 0.369); the difference was statistically significant in FT comparison (χ2=－3.652, P=0.000). Urokinase artery thrombolytic therapy was performed at different time window of 3-24 h, 25-72 h, 73-96 h, 97-120 h, 121-240 h after the onset of onset. Age and A-Rct of patients with different treatment time windows were compared, and the differences were not statistically significant (χ2=6.588, 6.679; P=0.253, 0.246).In comparison of FT and logMAR BCVA, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =30.150, 71.378; P=0.000, 0.000). FFA was rechecked 24 hours after treatment, BCVA was rechecked 30 days after treatment. The changes of A-Rct, FT and BCVA before and after treatment were compared and analyzed. The occurrence of adverse reactions during and after treatment were observed. The two groups of measurement data were compared. The t test was used for those with normal distribution and χ2 test was used for those with non-normal distribution. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between onset time and the difference of A-Rct, FT shortening time and logMAR BCVA after treatment.ResultsAt 24 h after CRAO treatment, A-Rct and FT of 157 cases were 19.64±6.50 and 6.48±7.36 s respectively, which were significantly shorter than those before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=－16.236, －14.703; P=0.000, 0.000). The logMAR BCVA at 30 d after treatment was 1.72±0.76, which was significantly higher than that before treatment. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=－14.460, P=0.000). After CRAO urokinase arterial thrombolysis at different time window, there were statistically significant differences in A-Rct shortening time, FT shortening time, and logMAR BCVA difference (χ2=12.408, 24.200, 104.388; P=0.030, 0.000, 0.000). There was no statistically significant difference between the 3-72 h group and the 73-240 h group (χ2 =－1.042, P=0.297) in shortening time of A-Rct after treatment. The difference of FT shortening time was statistically significant (χ2=－3.581, P=0.000). The difference of logMAR BCVA was statistically significant (χ2=－9.905, P=0.000). The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between the onset time and the shortening time of A-Rct and FT after treatment (rp=－0.040, －0.081; P=0.436, 0.115), and negative correlation with the logMAR BCVA difference (rp=－0.486, P=0.000). One case of intracranial hemorrhage occurred after treatment, and it improved after dehydration to reduce cerebral edema, scavenging free radicals and brain protection.ConclusionsUrokinase arterial thrombolytic therapy is effective for CRAO within time window of 3-240 h, A-Rct, FT and LogMRA BCVA are all improved. However, with the prolongation of thrombolytic therapy time window, the therapeutic effect of urokinase arterial thrombolytic therapy is decreased. The therapeutic effect of Urokinase arterial thrombolytic therapy was better within 72 h.
ObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of partial versus intact posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-retaining in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with cruciate-retaining (CR) prosthesis.MethodsA total of 200 patients with osteoarthritis, who met the selection criteria and proposed unilateral TKA with CR prosthesis, were included in the study and randomly assigned into two groups (n=100). The patients were treated with intact retention of the double bundles of PCL in intact group and with partial resection of the anterior lateral bundle of PCL and the anterior bone island at the time of intraoperative tibial osteotomy in partial group. Patients with lost follow-up and re-fracture were excluded, and 84 cases in partial group and 88 cases in intact group were included in the final study. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05) in terms of gender, age, body mass index, course and grade of osteoarthritis, preoperative varus deformity of knee joint, flexion contracture, range of motion, clinical and functional scores of Knee Society Score (KSS). The operation time, wound drainage volume during 24 hours after operation, visual analogue scale (VAS) score at 24 hours after operation, range of motion of knee joint, clinical and functional scores of KSS, and the anteroposterior displacement of knee joint at 30° and 90° flexion positions were compared between the two groups.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the two groups in operation time, wound drainage volume during 24 hours after operation, and VAS score at 24 hours after operation (P>0.05). Patients in both groups were followed up after operation. The follow-up time was 25-40 months (mean, 30.2 months) in intact group and 24-40 months (mean, 31.8 months) in partial group. There was no significant difference in the range of motion and clinical scores of KSS between the two groups at 6, 12, and 24 months after operation (P>0.05). The functional scores of KSS were significantly higher in intact group than in partial group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the anteroposterior displacement of knee joints at 30° flexion position at 6, 12, and 24 months after operation (P>0.05). When the knee was at 90° flexion position, there was no significant difference between the two groups at 6 and 12 months after operation (P>0.05), but the intact group was significantly smaller than partial group at 24 months after operation (P<0.05). Postoperative incision continued exudation in 4 patients (2 cases of partial group and 2 cases of intact group), and incision debridement in 2 patients (1 case of partial group and 1 case of intact group). No prosthesis loosening, excessive wear, or dislocation of gasket was found during follow-up.ConclusionThe double bundle of PCL plays an equally important role in maintaining the stability of the knee joint, and the integrity of PCL should be kept as much as possible when TKA is performed with CR prosthesis.