Hot topics and unresolved issues in clinical researches of diabetic retinopathy_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

 LiXiaorong , LiuJuping

Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China;

Corresponding author：

LiXiaorong, Email: iiitc1989@163.com

Keywords：

Diabetic retinopathy/diagnosis; Diabetic retinopathy/therapy; Editorial

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2014.02.001

Video：

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There are many topics in clinical studies of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The current hot topics include the relationship between DR and systemic diseases, major factors for initiation and progression of DR, early DR screening strategies, DR prevention strategies and how to improve the therapeutic effects of DR. However, due to the complexity of DR pathogenesis, multiple risk factors, long cycle of DR prevention and control, it is difficult to exclude all the confounding factors in the DR clinical research. From the long-term perspective, delaying the occurrence and progression of DR and establishing an efficient and practical prevention and control system is the focus of the future DR research in China.

Citation： LiXiaorong, LiuJuping. Hot topics and unresolved issues in clinical researches of diabetic retinopathy. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2014, 30(2): 121-123. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2014.02.001 Copy

1.	Xie XW, Xu L, Jonas JB, et al. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among subjects with known diabetes in China:the Beijing Eye Study[J].Eur J Ophthalmol, 2009, 19:91-99.
2.	Wang FH, Liang YB, Zhang F, et al. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in rural China:the Handan Eye Study[J].Ophthalmology, 2009, 116:461-467.
3.	Hamman RF, Mayer EJ, Moo-Young GA, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics with NIDDM. San Luis Valley Diabetes Study[J].Diabetes, 1989, 38:1231-1237.
4.	Liew G, Mitchell P, Wong TY. Systemic management of diabetic retinopathy[J].BMJ, 2009, 338:441.
5.	邹海东, 张皙, 朱剑锋, 等.上海市北新泾街道糖尿病患者视网膜病变的患病率调查[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2006, 22:31-34.
6.	伍春荣, 许樟荣, 胡莲娜, 等. 2型糖尿病发生增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的危险因素[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2003, 19:9-11.
7.	Jones CD, Greenwood RH, Misra A, et al. Incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy during 17 years of a population-based screening program in England[J].Diabetes Care, 2012, 35:592-596.
8.	Song H, Liu L, Sum R, et al. Incidence of diabetic retinopathy in a Hong Kong Chinese population[J].Clin Exp Optom, 2011, 94:563-567.
9.	Romero-Aroca P, Baget-Bernaldiz M, Fernandez-Ballart J, et al. Ten-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy and macular edema:risk factors in a sample of people with type 1 diabetes[J].Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 2011, 94:126-132.
10.	Jimenez-Ramirez F, Perez R. Diabetic retinopathy education and screening at the community pharmacy in Puerto Rico[J].P R Health Sci J, 2011, 30:139-144.
11.	Beynat J, Ben Mehidi A, Aubert JP, et al. RETIDIAB(R):assessment of a continuing medical education website for the improvement of diabetic retinopathy management[J].Diabetes Metab, 2011, 37:118-123.
12.	Zhang X, Williams DE, Beckles GL, et al. Diabetic retinopathy, dilated eye examination, and eye care education among African Americans, 1997 and 2004[J].J Natl Med Assoc, 2009, 101:1015-1021.
13.	Axer-Siegel R, Herscovici Z, Gabbay M, et al. The relationship between diabetic retinopathy, glycemic control, risk factor indicators and patient education[J].Isr Med Assoc J, 2006, 8:523-526.
14.	Taylor CR, Merin LM, Salunga AM, et al. Improving diabetic retinopathy screening ratios using telemedicine-based digital retinal imaging technology:the Vine Hill study[J].Diabetes Care, 2007, 30:574-578.
15.	Raman R, Rani PK, Mahajan S, et al. The tele-screening model for diabetic retinopathy:evaluating the influence of mydriasis on the gradability of a single-field 45 degrees digital fundus image[J].Telemed J E Health, 2007, 13:597-602.
16.	Wei JC, Valentino DJ, Bell DS, et al. A Web-based telemedicine system for diabetic retinopathy screening using digital fundus photography[J].Telemed J E Health, 2006, 12:50-57.
17.	Huang OS, Lamoureux EL, Tay WT, et al. Glycemic and blood pressure control in an asian malay population with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy[J].Arch Ophthalmol, 2010, 128:1185-1190.
18.	Sivaprasad S, Jackson H. Blood pressure control in type Ⅱ diabetics with diabetic retinopathy[J].Eye (Lond), 2007, 21:708-711.
19.	陈玉堂, 赵玉萍.糖尿病合并高血压对视网膜病变的影响[J].中华眼底病杂志, 1999, 15:59-60.
20.	Zorena K, Raczynska D, Raczynska K. Biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy and the therapeutic implications[J/OL].Mediators Inflamm, 2013, 2013:E193604[2013-11-07].http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24311895.
21.	Roy MS, Janal MN, Crosby J, et al. Inflammatory biomarkers and progression of diabetic retinopathy in African Americans with type 1 diabetes[J].Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2013, 54:5471-5480.
22.	Lu CH, Lin ST, Chou HC, et al. Proteomic analysis of retinopathy-related plasma biomarkers in diabetic patients[J].Arch Biochem Biophys, 2013, 529:146-156.
23.	Nguyen TT, Alibrahim E, Islam FM, et al. Inflammatory, hemostatic, and other novel biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy:the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis[J].Diabetes Care, 2009, 32:1704-1709.
24.	Wright AD, Dodson PM. Medical management of diabetic retinopathy:fenofibrate and ACCORD Eye studies[J].Eye (Lond), 2011, 25:843-849.
25.	朱冬青, 许迅.糖尿病视网膜病变的药物防治研究现状[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2006, 22:66-69.
26.	Joussen AM, Doehmen S, Le ML, et al. TNF-alpha mediated apoptosis plays an important role in the development of early diabetic retinopathy and long-term histopathological alterations[J].Mol Vis, 2009, 15:1418-1428.
27.	Simo R, Hernandez C. Advances in the medical treatment of diabetic retinopathy[J].Diabetes Care, 2009, 32:1556-1562.
28.	Mohamed Q, Wong TY. Emerging drugs for diabetic retinopathy[J].Expert Opin Emerg Drugs, 2008, 13:675-694.
29.	马自勤, 张亚丽, 郭建慧, 等.氪黄激光治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿的疗效观察[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2003, 19:17-20.
30.	施雪涛, 袁援生, 程玉霞, 等.糖尿病视网膜病变激光光凝术后的超声生物显微镜检测[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2003, 19:26-27.
31.	于强, 张欣, 余敏忠, 等.达纳康对糖尿病视网膜病变激光光凝术后早期视网膜功能改变干预效果的初步报告[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2002, 18:43-46.
32.	吴又凯, 张清.氪黄激光治疗糖尿病视网膜病变黄斑弥漫性水肿[J].中华眼底病杂志, 1998, 14:37-38.
33.	Muqit MM, Marcellino GR, Henson DB, et al. Optos-guided pattern scan laser (Pascal)-targeted retinal photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J].Acta Ophthalmol, 2013, 91:251-258.
34.	Bressler SB, Almukhtar T, Aiello LP, et al. Green or yellow laser treatment for diabetic macular edema:exploratory assessment within the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network[J].Retina, 2013, 33:2080-2088.
35.	Muraly P, Limbad P, Srinivasan K, et al. Single session of Pascal versus multiple sessions of conventional laser for panretinal photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy:a comparitive study[J].Retina, 2011, 31:1359-1365.
36.	Mirshahi A, Shenazandi H, Lashay A, et al. Intravitreal triamcinolone as an adjunct to standard laser therapy in coexisting high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy and clinically significant macular edema[J].Retina, 2010, 30:254-259.
37.	张静琳, 叶荣花, 吕林, 等.曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射在糖尿病视网膜病变手术中的运用[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2005, 21:244.
38.	黎晓新, 姜燕荣, 尹红, 等.进展型增生性糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切割手术的价值与意义[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2001, 17:4-7.
39.	Shi L, Huang YF. Postvitrectomy diabetic vitreous hemorrhage in proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J].J Res Med Sci, 2012, 17:865-871.
40.	Demir M, Oba E, Can E, et al. Effect of bevacizumab injection before vitrectomy on intravitreal hemorrhage in pseudophakic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J].Ophthalmol Eye Dis, 2013, 5:11-15.
41.	Qamar RM, Saleem MI, Saleem MF. The outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy without endotamponade for tractional retinal detachment secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J].Int J Ophthalmol, 2013, 6:671-674.
42.	Sato T, Morita S, Bando H, et al. Early vitreous hemorrhage after vitrectomy with preoperative intravitreal bevacizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J].Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol, 2013, 20:51-55.
43.	Zaman Y, Rehman AU, Memon AF. Intravitreal Avastin as an adjunct in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy undergoing pars plana vitrectomy[J].Pak J Med Sci, 2013, 29:590-592.
44.	Nguyen TT, Shaw JE, Robinson C, et al. Diabetic retinopathy is related to both endothelium-dependent and-independent responses of skin microvascular flow[J].Diabetes Care, 2011, 34:1389-1393.
45.	Kawasaki R, Cheung N, Islam FM, et al. Is diabetic retinopathy related to subclinical cardiovascular disease?[J].Ophthalmology, 2011, 118:860-865.
46.	Cheung N, Wong TY. Diabetic retinopathy and systemic vascular complications[J].Prog Retin Eye Res, 2008, 27:161-176.
47.	Cheung N, Wang JJ, Rogers SL, et al. Diabetic retinopathy and risk of heart failure[J].J Am Coll Cardiol, 2008, 51:1573-1578.
48.	Cheung N, Wang JJ, Klein R, et al. Diabetic retinopathy and the risk of coronary heart disease:the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study[J].Diabetes Care, 2007, 30:1742-1746.
49.	Cheung N, Rogers S, Couper DJ, et al. Is diabetic retinopathy an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke?[J].Stroke, 2007, 38:398-401.

1. Xie XW, Xu L, Jonas JB, et al. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among subjects with known diabetes in China:the Beijing Eye Study[J].Eur J Ophthalmol, 2009, 19:91-99.
2. Wang FH, Liang YB, Zhang F, et al. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in rural China:the Handan Eye Study[J].Ophthalmology, 2009, 116:461-467.
3. Hamman RF, Mayer EJ, Moo-Young GA, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics with NIDDM. San Luis Valley Diabetes Study[J].Diabetes, 1989, 38:1231-1237.
4. Liew G, Mitchell P, Wong TY. Systemic management of diabetic retinopathy[J].BMJ, 2009, 338:441.
5. 邹海东, 张皙, 朱剑锋, 等.上海市北新泾街道糖尿病患者视网膜病变的患病率调查[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2006, 22:31-34.
6. 伍春荣, 许樟荣, 胡莲娜, 等. 2型糖尿病发生增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的危险因素[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2003, 19:9-11.
7. Jones CD, Greenwood RH, Misra A, et al. Incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy during 17 years of a population-based screening program in England[J].Diabetes Care, 2012, 35:592-596.
8. Song H, Liu L, Sum R, et al. Incidence of diabetic retinopathy in a Hong Kong Chinese population[J].Clin Exp Optom, 2011, 94:563-567.
9. Romero-Aroca P, Baget-Bernaldiz M, Fernandez-Ballart J, et al. Ten-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy and macular edema:risk factors in a sample of people with type 1 diabetes[J].Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 2011, 94:126-132.
10. Jimenez-Ramirez F, Perez R. Diabetic retinopathy education and screening at the community pharmacy in Puerto Rico[J].P R Health Sci J, 2011, 30:139-144.
11. Beynat J, Ben Mehidi A, Aubert JP, et al. RETIDIAB(R):assessment of a continuing medical education website for the improvement of diabetic retinopathy management[J].Diabetes Metab, 2011, 37:118-123.
12. Zhang X, Williams DE, Beckles GL, et al. Diabetic retinopathy, dilated eye examination, and eye care education among African Americans, 1997 and 2004[J].J Natl Med Assoc, 2009, 101:1015-1021.
13. Axer-Siegel R, Herscovici Z, Gabbay M, et al. The relationship between diabetic retinopathy, glycemic control, risk factor indicators and patient education[J].Isr Med Assoc J, 2006, 8:523-526.
14. Taylor CR, Merin LM, Salunga AM, et al. Improving diabetic retinopathy screening ratios using telemedicine-based digital retinal imaging technology:the Vine Hill study[J].Diabetes Care, 2007, 30:574-578.
15. Raman R, Rani PK, Mahajan S, et al. The tele-screening model for diabetic retinopathy:evaluating the influence of mydriasis on the gradability of a single-field 45 degrees digital fundus image[J].Telemed J E Health, 2007, 13:597-602.
16. Wei JC, Valentino DJ, Bell DS, et al. A Web-based telemedicine system for diabetic retinopathy screening using digital fundus photography[J].Telemed J E Health, 2006, 12:50-57.
17. Huang OS, Lamoureux EL, Tay WT, et al. Glycemic and blood pressure control in an asian malay population with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy[J].Arch Ophthalmol, 2010, 128:1185-1190.
18. Sivaprasad S, Jackson H. Blood pressure control in type Ⅱ diabetics with diabetic retinopathy[J].Eye (Lond), 2007, 21:708-711.
19. 陈玉堂, 赵玉萍.糖尿病合并高血压对视网膜病变的影响[J].中华眼底病杂志, 1999, 15:59-60.
20. Zorena K, Raczynska D, Raczynska K. Biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy and the therapeutic implications[J/OL].Mediators Inflamm, 2013, 2013:E193604[2013-11-07].http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24311895.
21. Roy MS, Janal MN, Crosby J, et al. Inflammatory biomarkers and progression of diabetic retinopathy in African Americans with type 1 diabetes[J].Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2013, 54:5471-5480.
22. Lu CH, Lin ST, Chou HC, et al. Proteomic analysis of retinopathy-related plasma biomarkers in diabetic patients[J].Arch Biochem Biophys, 2013, 529:146-156.
23. Nguyen TT, Alibrahim E, Islam FM, et al. Inflammatory, hemostatic, and other novel biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy:the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis[J].Diabetes Care, 2009, 32:1704-1709.
24. Wright AD, Dodson PM. Medical management of diabetic retinopathy:fenofibrate and ACCORD Eye studies[J].Eye (Lond), 2011, 25:843-849.
25. 朱冬青, 许迅.糖尿病视网膜病变的药物防治研究现状[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2006, 22:66-69.
26. Joussen AM, Doehmen S, Le ML, et al. TNF-alpha mediated apoptosis plays an important role in the development of early diabetic retinopathy and long-term histopathological alterations[J].Mol Vis, 2009, 15:1418-1428.
27. Simo R, Hernandez C. Advances in the medical treatment of diabetic retinopathy[J].Diabetes Care, 2009, 32:1556-1562.
28. Mohamed Q, Wong TY. Emerging drugs for diabetic retinopathy[J].Expert Opin Emerg Drugs, 2008, 13:675-694.
29. 马自勤, 张亚丽, 郭建慧, 等.氪黄激光治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿的疗效观察[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2003, 19:17-20.
30. 施雪涛, 袁援生, 程玉霞, 等.糖尿病视网膜病变激光光凝术后的超声生物显微镜检测[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2003, 19:26-27.
31. 于强, 张欣, 余敏忠, 等.达纳康对糖尿病视网膜病变激光光凝术后早期视网膜功能改变干预效果的初步报告[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2002, 18:43-46.
32. 吴又凯, 张清.氪黄激光治疗糖尿病视网膜病变黄斑弥漫性水肿[J].中华眼底病杂志, 1998, 14:37-38.
33. Muqit MM, Marcellino GR, Henson DB, et al. Optos-guided pattern scan laser (Pascal)-targeted retinal photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J].Acta Ophthalmol, 2013, 91:251-258.
34. Bressler SB, Almukhtar T, Aiello LP, et al. Green or yellow laser treatment for diabetic macular edema:exploratory assessment within the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network[J].Retina, 2013, 33:2080-2088.
35. Muraly P, Limbad P, Srinivasan K, et al. Single session of Pascal versus multiple sessions of conventional laser for panretinal photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy:a comparitive study[J].Retina, 2011, 31:1359-1365.
36. Mirshahi A, Shenazandi H, Lashay A, et al. Intravitreal triamcinolone as an adjunct to standard laser therapy in coexisting high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy and clinically significant macular edema[J].Retina, 2010, 30:254-259.
37. 张静琳, 叶荣花, 吕林, 等.曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射在糖尿病视网膜病变手术中的运用[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2005, 21:244.
38. 黎晓新, 姜燕荣, 尹红, 等.进展型增生性糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切割手术的价值与意义[J].中华眼底病杂志, 2001, 17:4-7.
39. Shi L, Huang YF. Postvitrectomy diabetic vitreous hemorrhage in proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J].J Res Med Sci, 2012, 17:865-871.
40. Demir M, Oba E, Can E, et al. Effect of bevacizumab injection before vitrectomy on intravitreal hemorrhage in pseudophakic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J].Ophthalmol Eye Dis, 2013, 5:11-15.
41. Qamar RM, Saleem MI, Saleem MF. The outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy without endotamponade for tractional retinal detachment secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J].Int J Ophthalmol, 2013, 6:671-674.
42. Sato T, Morita S, Bando H, et al. Early vitreous hemorrhage after vitrectomy with preoperative intravitreal bevacizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J].Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol, 2013, 20:51-55.
43. Zaman Y, Rehman AU, Memon AF. Intravitreal Avastin as an adjunct in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy undergoing pars plana vitrectomy[J].Pak J Med Sci, 2013, 29:590-592.
44. Nguyen TT, Shaw JE, Robinson C, et al. Diabetic retinopathy is related to both endothelium-dependent and-independent responses of skin microvascular flow[J].Diabetes Care, 2011, 34:1389-1393.
45. Kawasaki R, Cheung N, Islam FM, et al. Is diabetic retinopathy related to subclinical cardiovascular disease?[J].Ophthalmology, 2011, 118:860-865.
46. Cheung N, Wong TY. Diabetic retinopathy and systemic vascular complications[J].Prog Retin Eye Res, 2008, 27:161-176.
47. Cheung N, Wang JJ, Rogers SL, et al. Diabetic retinopathy and risk of heart failure[J].J Am Coll Cardiol, 2008, 51:1573-1578.
48. Cheung N, Wang JJ, Klein R, et al. Diabetic retinopathy and the risk of coronary heart disease:the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study[J].Diabetes Care, 2007, 30:1742-1746.
49. Cheung N, Rogers S, Couper DJ, et al. Is diabetic retinopathy an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke?[J].Stroke, 2007, 38:398-401.

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Hot topics and unresolved issues in clinical researches of diabetic retinopathy

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