玻璃体视网膜交界面疾病发病因素的研究进展_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

郁肆青 ,  郑志

200280 上海交通大学附属第一人民医院眼科上海市眼底病重点实验室;

Corresponding author：

郑志, Email: zzheng88@sjtu.edu.cn

Keywords：

视网膜疾病/病因学; 危险因素; 综述

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2015.01.030

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

玻璃体视网膜交界面（VRI）疾病是由于VRI病理改变而引起的年龄相关性退行性改变，主要由异常玻璃体后脱离（PVD）导致的玻璃体对视网膜的牵拉而引起，可严重影响患者视功能。目前已发现年龄增长引起的玻璃体视网膜黏附力减弱，加上玻璃体胶质的不稳定性伴随玻璃体液化可共同导致PVD的发生。PVD与雌激素水平相关。女性玻璃体内透明质酸聚集度较低可能是其易发PVD的一个原因。高血糖、高血脂及高血压等全身疾病也是VRI疾病发生的危险因素。此外，高度近视、脉络膜厚度与血液供应的改变也可能是促进VRI疾病发生发展的重要原因。深入了解和探讨这些危险因素在VRI疾病中的作用及可能机制，有助于指导临床识别和筛查高危人群，为制定预防策略提供有用信息。

Citation： 郁肆青, 郑志. 玻璃体视网膜交界面疾病发病因素的研究进展. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2015, 31(1): 104-108. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2015.01.030 Copy

1.	Duker JS, Kaiser PK, Binder S, et al. The international vitreomacular traction study group classification of vitreomacular adhesion, traction, and macular hole[J]. Ophthalmology, 2013, 120(12):2611-2619.
2.	Kawasaki R, Wang JJ, Mitchell P, et al. Racial difference in the prevalence of epiretinal membrane between Caucasians and Asians[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2008, 92(10):1320-1324.
3.	Mccannel CA, Ensminger JL, Diehl NN, et al. Population-based incidence of macular holes[J]. Ophthalmology, 2009, 116(7):1366-1369.
4.	You Q, Xu L, Jonas JB. Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes in adult Chinese:the Beijing Eye Study[J]. Eye (Lond), 2008, 22(7):874-879.
5.	Shao L, Wei W. Vitreomacular traction syndrome[J]. Chin Med J (Engl), 2014, 127(8):1566-1571.
6.	Norlen L, Oktem O, Skoglund U.Molecular cryo-electron tomography of vitreous tissue sections:current challenges[J]. J Microsc, 2009, 235(3):293-307.
7.	Itakura H, Kishi S, Kotajima N, et al. Decreased vitreal hyaluronan levels with aging[J]. Ophthalmologica, 2009, 223(1):32-35.
8.	Vaughan-Thomas A, Gilbert SJ, Duance VC. Elevated levels of proteolytic enzymes in the aging human vitreous[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2000, 41(11):3299-3304.
9.	Bishop PN, Holmes DF, Kadler KE, et al. Age-related changes on the surface of vitreous collagen fibrils[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2004, 45(4):1041-1046.
10.	Sharif-Kashani P, Hubschman JP, Sassoon D, et al. Rheology of the vitreous gel:effects of macromolecule organization on the viscoelastic properties[J]. J Biomech, 2011, 44(3):419-423.
11.	Fraser-Bell S, Ying-Lai M, Klein R, et al. Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes in latinos:the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2004, 45(6):1732-1736.
12.	Gupta PD, Johar K Sr, Nagpal K, et al. Sex hormone receptors in the human eye[J]. Surv Ophthalmol, 2005, 50(3):274-284.
13.	Chung SE, Kim SW, Chung HW, et al. Estrogen antagonist and development of macular hole[J]. Korean J Ophthalmol, 2010, 24(5):306-309.
14.	Qiu QH, Chen ZY, Yin LL, et al. Effects of estrogen on collagen gel contraction by human retinal glial cells[J]. Chin Med J (Engl), 2012, 125(22):4098-4103.
15.	Evans JR, Schwartz SD, Mchugh JD, et al. Systemic risk factors for idiopathic macular holes:a case-control study[J]. Eye (Lond), 1998, 12(2):256-259.
16.	Eisner A, Thielman EJ, Falardeau J, et al. Vitreo-retinal traction and anastrozole use[J]. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009, 117(1):9-16.
17.	Chuo JY, Lee TY, Hollands H, et al. Risk factors for posterior vitreous detachment:a case-control study[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2006, 142(6):931-937.
18.	Hikichi T. Time course of posterior vitreous detachment in the second eye[J]. Curr Opin Ophthalmol, 2007, 18(3):224-227.
19.	Kawasaki R, Wang JJ, Sato H, et al. Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes in an adult Japanese population:the Funagata Study[J]. Eye (Lond), 2009, 23(5):1045-1051.
20.	Mitchell P, Smith W, Chey T, et al. Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes:the Blue Mountains Eye Study, Australia[J]. Ophthalmology, 1997, 104(6):1033-1040.
21.	Miyazaki M, Nakamura H, Kubo M, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for epiretinal membranes in a Japanese population:the Hisayama Study[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2003, 241(8):642-646.
22.	Chiang PP, Lamoureux EL, Zheng Y, et al. Frequency and risk factors of non-retinopathy ocular conditions in people with diabetes:the Singapore Malay Eye Study[J]. Diabet Med, 2013, 30(2):32-40.
23.	Zhu XF, Peng JJ, Zou HD, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of idiopathic epiretinal membranes in Beixinjing blocks, Shanghai, China[J/OL]. PLoS One, 2012, 7(12):51445[2012-12-10].http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051445.
24.	Koh V, Cheung CY, Wong WL, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of epiretinal membrane in Asian Indians[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2012, 53(2):1018-1022.
25.	Aung KZ, Makeyeva G, Adams MK, et al.The prevalence and risk factors of epiretinal membranes:the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study[J]. Retina, 2013, 33(5):1026-1034.
26.	Xu L, You QS, Jonas JB. Prevalence of alcohol consumption and risk of ocular diseases in a general population:the Beijing Eye Study[J]. Ophthalmology, 2009, 116(10):1872-1879.
27.	Thorne JE, Daniel E, Jabs DA, et al.Smoking as a risk factor for cystoid macular edema complicating intermediate uveitis[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2008, 145(5):841-846.
28.	Le Goff MM, Bishop PN. Adult vitreous structure and postnatal changes[J]. Eye (Lond), 2008, 22(10):1214-1222.
29.	Carrero JL. Incomplete posterior vitreous detachment:prevalence and clinical relevance[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2012, 153(3):497-503.
30.	Muller B, Joussen AM. Myopic traction maculopathy-vitreoretinal traction syndrome in high myopic eyes and posterior staphyloma[J]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd, 2011, 228(9):771-779.
31.	Singh AJ, Muqit MM, Woon WH. Is axial length a risk factor for idiopathic macular hole formation?[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2012, 32(4):393-396.
32.	Ikuno Y, Gomi F, Tano Y. Potent retinal arteriolar traction as a possible cause of myopic foveoschisis[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2005, 139(3):462-467.
33.	Wu PC, Chen YJ, Chen YH, et al. Factors associated with foveoschisis and foveal detachment without macular hole in high myopia[J]. Eye (Lond), 2009, 23(2):356-361.
34.	Shih YF, Ho TC, Hsiao CK, et al. Visual outcomes for high myopic patients with or without myopic maculopathy:a 10 year follow up study[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2006, 90(5):546-550.
35.	Panozzo G, Mercanti A. Optical coherence tomography findings in myopic traction maculopathy[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2004, 122(10):1455-1460.
36.	Coppe AM, Ripandelli G, Parisi V, et al. Prevalence of asymptomatic macular holes in highly myopic eyes[J]. Ophthalmology, 2005, 112(12):2103-2109.
37.	Green WR. The macular hole:histopathologic studies[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2006, 124(3):317-321.
38.	Fraser-Bell S, Guzowski M, Rochtchina E, et al. Five-year cumulative incidence and progression of epiretinal membranes:the Blue Mountains Eye Study[J]. Ophthalmology, 2003, 110(1):34-40.
39.	La Cour M, Friis J. Macular holes:classification, epidemiology, natural history and treatment[J]. Acta Ophthalmol Scand, 2002, 80(6):579-587.
40.	Landolfi M, Zarbin MA, Bhagat N. Macular holes[J]. Ophthalmol Clin North Am, 2002, 15(4):565-572.
41.	Chan A, Duker JS, Schuman JS, et al. Stage 0 macular holes:observations by optical coherence tomography[J]. Ophthalmology, 2004, 111(11):2027-2032.
42.	Chung SE, Kang SW, Lee JH, et al. Choroidal thickness in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and exudative age-related macular degeneration[J]. Ophthalmology, 2011, 118(5):840-845.
43.	Imamura Y, Fujiwara T, Margolis R, et al. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in central serous chorioretinopathy[J]. Retina, 2009, 29(10):1469-1473.
44.	Aras C, Ocakoglu O, Akova N. Foveolar choroidal blood flow in idiopathic macular hole[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2004, 25(4):225-231.
45.	Reibaldi M, Boscia F, Avitabile T, et al. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in idiopathic macular hole:a cross-sectional prospective study[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2011, 151(1):112-117.
46.	Zeng J, Li J, Liu R, et al. Choroidal thickness in both eyes of patients with unilateral idiopathic macular hole[J]. Ophthalmology, 2012, 119(11):2328-2333.
47.	Flores-Moreno I, Lugo F, Duker JS, et al. The relationship between axial length and choroidal thickness in eyes with high myopia[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 155(2):314-319.
48.	Margolis R, Spaide RF. A pilot study of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in normal eyes[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2009, 147(5):811-815.
49.	Zengin MO, Cinar E, Kucukerdonmez C. The effect of nicotine on choroidal thickness[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2014, 98(2):233-237.
50.	曾婧, 刘冉, 张新愉, 等.正常眼后极部脉络膜厚度和性别的关系研究[J].中华眼科杂志, 2012, 48(12):1093-1096.
51.	Woon WH, Greig D, Savage MD, et al. Asymmetric vitreomacular traction and symmetrical full thickness macular hole formation[J/OL] Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2014, 252(12):E1[2014-10-11].[published online ahead of print].
52.	Theodossiadis G, Petrou P, Eleftheriadou M, et al. Focal vitreomacular traction:a prospective study of the evolution to macular hole:the mathematical approach[J]. Eye (Lond), 2014, 28(12):1452-1460.
53.	Stalmans P, Benz MS, Gandorfer A, et al. Enzymatic vitreolysis with ocriplasmin for vitreomacular traction and macular holes[J]. N Engl J Med, 2012, 367(7):606-615.
54.	Weng CY, Fortun JA, Carvounis PE, et al.Ocriplasmin and its role in the management of vitreoretinal interface disorders[J]. Int Ophthalmol Clin, 2014, 54(2):29-38.
55.	Singh RP, Li A, Bedi R, et al.Anatomical and visual outcomes following ocriplasmin treatment for symptomatic vitreomacular traction syndrome[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2014, 98(3):356-360.

1. Duker JS, Kaiser PK, Binder S, et al. The international vitreomacular traction study group classification of vitreomacular adhesion, traction, and macular hole[J]. Ophthalmology, 2013, 120(12):2611-2619.
2. Kawasaki R, Wang JJ, Mitchell P, et al. Racial difference in the prevalence of epiretinal membrane between Caucasians and Asians[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2008, 92(10):1320-1324.
3. Mccannel CA, Ensminger JL, Diehl NN, et al. Population-based incidence of macular holes[J]. Ophthalmology, 2009, 116(7):1366-1369.
4. You Q, Xu L, Jonas JB. Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes in adult Chinese:the Beijing Eye Study[J]. Eye (Lond), 2008, 22(7):874-879.
5. Shao L, Wei W. Vitreomacular traction syndrome[J]. Chin Med J (Engl), 2014, 127(8):1566-1571.
6. Norlen L, Oktem O, Skoglund U.Molecular cryo-electron tomography of vitreous tissue sections:current challenges[J]. J Microsc, 2009, 235(3):293-307.
7. Itakura H, Kishi S, Kotajima N, et al. Decreased vitreal hyaluronan levels with aging[J]. Ophthalmologica, 2009, 223(1):32-35.
8. Vaughan-Thomas A, Gilbert SJ, Duance VC. Elevated levels of proteolytic enzymes in the aging human vitreous[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2000, 41(11):3299-3304.
9. Bishop PN, Holmes DF, Kadler KE, et al. Age-related changes on the surface of vitreous collagen fibrils[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2004, 45(4):1041-1046.
10. Sharif-Kashani P, Hubschman JP, Sassoon D, et al. Rheology of the vitreous gel:effects of macromolecule organization on the viscoelastic properties[J]. J Biomech, 2011, 44(3):419-423.
11. Fraser-Bell S, Ying-Lai M, Klein R, et al. Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes in latinos:the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2004, 45(6):1732-1736.
12. Gupta PD, Johar K Sr, Nagpal K, et al. Sex hormone receptors in the human eye[J]. Surv Ophthalmol, 2005, 50(3):274-284.
13. Chung SE, Kim SW, Chung HW, et al. Estrogen antagonist and development of macular hole[J]. Korean J Ophthalmol, 2010, 24(5):306-309.
14. Qiu QH, Chen ZY, Yin LL, et al. Effects of estrogen on collagen gel contraction by human retinal glial cells[J]. Chin Med J (Engl), 2012, 125(22):4098-4103.
15. Evans JR, Schwartz SD, Mchugh JD, et al. Systemic risk factors for idiopathic macular holes:a case-control study[J]. Eye (Lond), 1998, 12(2):256-259.
16. Eisner A, Thielman EJ, Falardeau J, et al. Vitreo-retinal traction and anastrozole use[J]. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009, 117(1):9-16.
17. Chuo JY, Lee TY, Hollands H, et al. Risk factors for posterior vitreous detachment:a case-control study[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2006, 142(6):931-937.
18. Hikichi T. Time course of posterior vitreous detachment in the second eye[J]. Curr Opin Ophthalmol, 2007, 18(3):224-227.
19. Kawasaki R, Wang JJ, Sato H, et al. Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes in an adult Japanese population:the Funagata Study[J]. Eye (Lond), 2009, 23(5):1045-1051.
20. Mitchell P, Smith W, Chey T, et al. Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes:the Blue Mountains Eye Study, Australia[J]. Ophthalmology, 1997, 104(6):1033-1040.
21. Miyazaki M, Nakamura H, Kubo M, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for epiretinal membranes in a Japanese population:the Hisayama Study[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2003, 241(8):642-646.
22. Chiang PP, Lamoureux EL, Zheng Y, et al. Frequency and risk factors of non-retinopathy ocular conditions in people with diabetes:the Singapore Malay Eye Study[J]. Diabet Med, 2013, 30(2):32-40.
23. Zhu XF, Peng JJ, Zou HD, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of idiopathic epiretinal membranes in Beixinjing blocks, Shanghai, China[J/OL]. PLoS One, 2012, 7(12):51445[2012-12-10].http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051445.
24. Koh V, Cheung CY, Wong WL, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of epiretinal membrane in Asian Indians[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2012, 53(2):1018-1022.
25. Aung KZ, Makeyeva G, Adams MK, et al.The prevalence and risk factors of epiretinal membranes:the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study[J]. Retina, 2013, 33(5):1026-1034.
26. Xu L, You QS, Jonas JB. Prevalence of alcohol consumption and risk of ocular diseases in a general population:the Beijing Eye Study[J]. Ophthalmology, 2009, 116(10):1872-1879.
27. Thorne JE, Daniel E, Jabs DA, et al.Smoking as a risk factor for cystoid macular edema complicating intermediate uveitis[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2008, 145(5):841-846.
28. Le Goff MM, Bishop PN. Adult vitreous structure and postnatal changes[J]. Eye (Lond), 2008, 22(10):1214-1222.
29. Carrero JL. Incomplete posterior vitreous detachment:prevalence and clinical relevance[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2012, 153(3):497-503.
30. Muller B, Joussen AM. Myopic traction maculopathy-vitreoretinal traction syndrome in high myopic eyes and posterior staphyloma[J]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd, 2011, 228(9):771-779.
31. Singh AJ, Muqit MM, Woon WH. Is axial length a risk factor for idiopathic macular hole formation?[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2012, 32(4):393-396.
32. Ikuno Y, Gomi F, Tano Y. Potent retinal arteriolar traction as a possible cause of myopic foveoschisis[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2005, 139(3):462-467.
33. Wu PC, Chen YJ, Chen YH, et al. Factors associated with foveoschisis and foveal detachment without macular hole in high myopia[J]. Eye (Lond), 2009, 23(2):356-361.
34. Shih YF, Ho TC, Hsiao CK, et al. Visual outcomes for high myopic patients with or without myopic maculopathy:a 10 year follow up study[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2006, 90(5):546-550.
35. Panozzo G, Mercanti A. Optical coherence tomography findings in myopic traction maculopathy[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2004, 122(10):1455-1460.
36. Coppe AM, Ripandelli G, Parisi V, et al. Prevalence of asymptomatic macular holes in highly myopic eyes[J]. Ophthalmology, 2005, 112(12):2103-2109.
37. Green WR. The macular hole:histopathologic studies[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2006, 124(3):317-321.
38. Fraser-Bell S, Guzowski M, Rochtchina E, et al. Five-year cumulative incidence and progression of epiretinal membranes:the Blue Mountains Eye Study[J]. Ophthalmology, 2003, 110(1):34-40.
39. La Cour M, Friis J. Macular holes:classification, epidemiology, natural history and treatment[J]. Acta Ophthalmol Scand, 2002, 80(6):579-587.
40. Landolfi M, Zarbin MA, Bhagat N. Macular holes[J]. Ophthalmol Clin North Am, 2002, 15(4):565-572.
41. Chan A, Duker JS, Schuman JS, et al. Stage 0 macular holes:observations by optical coherence tomography[J]. Ophthalmology, 2004, 111(11):2027-2032.
42. Chung SE, Kang SW, Lee JH, et al. Choroidal thickness in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and exudative age-related macular degeneration[J]. Ophthalmology, 2011, 118(5):840-845.
43. Imamura Y, Fujiwara T, Margolis R, et al. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in central serous chorioretinopathy[J]. Retina, 2009, 29(10):1469-1473.
44. Aras C, Ocakoglu O, Akova N. Foveolar choroidal blood flow in idiopathic macular hole[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2004, 25(4):225-231.
45. Reibaldi M, Boscia F, Avitabile T, et al. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in idiopathic macular hole:a cross-sectional prospective study[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2011, 151(1):112-117.
46. Zeng J, Li J, Liu R, et al. Choroidal thickness in both eyes of patients with unilateral idiopathic macular hole[J]. Ophthalmology, 2012, 119(11):2328-2333.
47. Flores-Moreno I, Lugo F, Duker JS, et al. The relationship between axial length and choroidal thickness in eyes with high myopia[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 155(2):314-319.
48. Margolis R, Spaide RF. A pilot study of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in normal eyes[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2009, 147(5):811-815.
49. Zengin MO, Cinar E, Kucukerdonmez C. The effect of nicotine on choroidal thickness[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2014, 98(2):233-237.
50. 曾婧, 刘冉, 张新愉, 等.正常眼后极部脉络膜厚度和性别的关系研究[J].中华眼科杂志, 2012, 48(12):1093-1096.
51. Woon WH, Greig D, Savage MD, et al. Asymmetric vitreomacular traction and symmetrical full thickness macular hole formation[J/OL] Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2014, 252(12):E1[2014-10-11].[published online ahead of print].
52. Theodossiadis G, Petrou P, Eleftheriadou M, et al. Focal vitreomacular traction:a prospective study of the evolution to macular hole:the mathematical approach[J]. Eye (Lond), 2014, 28(12):1452-1460.
53. Stalmans P, Benz MS, Gandorfer A, et al. Enzymatic vitreolysis with ocriplasmin for vitreomacular traction and macular holes[J]. N Engl J Med, 2012, 367(7):606-615.
54. Weng CY, Fortun JA, Carvounis PE, et al.Ocriplasmin and its role in the management of vitreoretinal interface disorders[J]. Int Ophthalmol Clin, 2014, 54(2):29-38.
55. Singh RP, Li A, Bedi R, et al.Anatomical and visual outcomes following ocriplasmin treatment for symptomatic vitreomacular traction syndrome[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2014, 98(3):356-360.

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玻璃体视网膜交界面疾病发病因素的研究进展

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