The advance of endogenous neural stem cell features for retinal Müller cell_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

Ke Yifeng , Zhang Longli ,  Li Xiaorong

Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China;

Corresponding author：

Li Xiaorong, Email: xiaor1i@163.com

Keywords：

Neural stem cell; Microglia; Review; Müller cells

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.05.023

Video：

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Neural stem cell is a kind of stem cells that can differentiate into neural and glial cells. While Müller cells, the main endogenous neural stem cell in retina,have the features to reentry into the cell cycle and differentiate into neural cells after retinal damage. Although it is highly effective for retinal Müller cell differentiation spontaneously after retinal injury in vertebrates, this feature is rigorous restricted in mammals. Recently, some transcription factors,such as Ascl1, Sox2, Lin28, Atoh7, are sufficient to drive quiescent Müller cells back in proliferation to generate new retinal neurons. Moreover, combining Ascl1 expression with a histone deacetylase inhibitor can bypass the limitation and increase the generation of new neurons in the adult retina. These regenerated neurons integrate the existing neuronal network and are able to respond to light, indicating that they can likely be used to restore vision. While these results are extremely promising, the regenerative response is still limited, likely because the proliferative capacity of mammalian Müller cells is low compared to their zebrafish counterparts. It is indeed necessary to identify new factors increasing the efficiency of the regenerative response.

Citation： Ke Yifeng, Zhang Longli, Li Xiaorong. The advance of endogenous neural stem cell features for retinal Müller cell. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2019, 35(5): 522-525. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.05.023 Copy

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1. Lin TC, Hsu CC, Chien KH, et al. Retinal stem cells and potential cell transplantation treatments[J]. J Chin Med Assoc, 2014, 77(11): 556-561. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2014.08.001.
2. Kuriyan AE, Albini TA, Townsend JH, et al. Vision loss after intravitreal injection of autologous "stem cells" for AMD[J]. N Engl J Med, 2017, 376(11): 1047-1053. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1609583.
3. Gage FH. Mammalian neural stem cells[J]. Science, 2000, 287(5457): 1433-1438. DOI: 10.1126/science.287.5457.1433.
4. Fimbel SM, Montgomery JE, Burket CT, et al. Regeneration of inner retinal neurons after intravitreal injection of ouabain in zebrafish[J]. J Neurosci, 2007, 27(7): 1712-1724. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5317-06.2007.
5. Fischer AJ, Reh TA. Müller glia are a potential source of neural regeneration in the postnatal chicken retina[J]. Nat Neurosci, 2001, 4(3): 247-252. DOI: 10.1038/85090.
6. Langhe R, Chesneau A, Colozza G, et al. Müller glial cell reactivation in Xenopus models of retinal degeneration[J]. Glia, 2017, 65(8): 1333-1349. DOI: 10.1002/glia.23165.
7. Lenkowski JR, Raymond PA. Müller glia:stem cells for generation and regeneration of retinal neurons in teleost fish[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2014, 40: 94-123. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2013.12.007.
8. Malatesta P, Götz M. Radial glia-from boring cables to stem cell stars[J]. Development, 2013, 140(3): 483-486. DOI: 10.1242/dev.085852.
9. Fausett BV, Gumerson JD, Goldman D. The proneural basic helix-loop-helix gene Ascl1a is required for retina regeneration[J]. J Neurosci, 2008, 28(5): 1109-1117. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4853-07.2008.
10. Qin Z, Barthel LK, Raymond PA. Genetic evidence for shared mechanisms of epimorphic regeneration in zebrafish[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2009, 106(23): 9310-9315. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0811186106.
11. Cameron DA, Gentile KL, Middleton FA, et al. Gene expression profiles of intact and regenerating zebrafish retina[J]. Mol Vis, 2005, 11: 775-791.
12. Ramachandran R, Fausett BV, Goldman D. Ascl1a regulates Müller glia dedifferentiation and retinal regeneration through a Lin-28-dependent, let-7 microRNA signalling pathway[J]. Nat Cell Biol, 2010, 12(11): 1101-1107. DOI: 10.1038/ncb2115.
13. Nelson CM, Gorsuch RA, Bailey TJ, et al. Stat3 defines three populations of Müller glia and is required for initiating maximal müller glia proliferation in the regenerating zebrafish retina[J]. J Comp Neurol, 2012, 520(18): 4294-4311. DOI: 10.1002/cne.23213.
14. Gorsuch RA, Lahne M, Yarka CE, et al. Sox2 regulates Müller glia reprogramming and proliferation in the regenerating zebrafish retina via Lin28 and Ascl1a[J]. Exp Eye Res, 2017, 161: 174-192. DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.05.012.
15. Lust K, Sinn R, Pérez Saturnino A, et al. De novo neurogenesis by targeted expression of atoh7 to Müller glia cells[J]. Development, 2016, 143(11): 1874-1883. DOI: 10.1242/dev.135905.
16. Bringmann A, Iandiev I, Pannicke T, et al. Cellular signaling and factors involved in Müller cell gliosis: neuroprotective and detrimental effects[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2009, 28(6): 423-451. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2009.07.001.
17. Giannelli SG, Demontis GC, Pertile G, et al. Adult human Müller glia cells are a highly efficient source of rod photoreceptors[J]. Stem Cells, 2011, 29(2): 344-356. DOI: 10.1002/stem.579.
18. Pollak J, Wilken MS, Ueki Y, et al. ASCL1 reprograms mouse Müller glia into neurogenic retinal progenitors[J]. Development, 2013, 140(12): 2619-2631. DOI: 10.1242/dev.091355.
19. Ueki Y, Wilken MS, Cox KE, et al. Transgenic expression of the proneural transcription factor Ascl1 in Müller glia stimulates retinal regeneration in young mice[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2015, 112(44): 13717-13722. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1510595112.
20. Jorstad NL, Wilken MS, Grimes WN, et al. Stimulation of functional neuronal regeneration from Müller glia in adult mice[J]. Nature, 2017, 548(7665): 103-107. DOI: 10.1038/nature23283.
21. Madelaine R, Mourrain P. Endogenous retinal neural stem cell reprogramming for neuronal regeneration[J]. Neural Regen Res, 2017, 12(11): 1765-1767. DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.219028.
22. La Torre A, Georgi S, Reh TA. Conserved microRNA pathway regulates developmental timing of retinal neurogenesis[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2013, 110(26): 2362-2370. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1301837110.
23. Zhao C, Sun G, Li S, et al. MicroRNA let-7b regulates neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation by targeting nuclear receptor TLX signaling[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2010, 107(5): 1876-1881. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0908750107.
24. Wan J, Zhao XF, Vojtek A, et al. Retinal injury, growth factors, and cytokines converge on β-catenin and pStat3 signaling to stimulate retina regeneration[J]. Cell Rep, 2014, 9(1): 285-297. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.08.048.

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