The effect of rib cage on the dynamic response stability of the scoliotic spine_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

YANG Hufei ¹ , LIN Liying ² , ZHANG Shunxin ¹ , TIAN Tian ² , LI Ye ³ ,  HAN Li ^2,4

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China;
2. School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, P.R.China;
3. Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, P.R.China;
4. Radiology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;

Corresponding author：

HAN Li, Email: lhan@tmu.edu.cn

Keywords：

rib cage; scoliotic spine; finite element analysis; modal analysis; steady-state analysis

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.201812037

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The purpose of this study is to reveal the protective effect of rib cage on scoliotic spine by comparing the different effect of rib cage on the stability of normal spine and Lenke1 scoliotic spine. Firstly, according to X-ray computed tomography (CT) image data, four spinal finite element models (SFEMs), including normal spine without rib cage (N1), normal spine with normal rib cage (N2), scoliotic spine without rib cage (S1) and scoliotic spine with deformed rib cage (S2), from the first thoracic vertebrae to the sacral vertebrae (T1～S) were established. Secondly, the natural vibration characteristics of the four SFEMs were obtained by modal analysis. Finally, the maximum vibration amplitudes of the four SFEMs under external excitation were obtained by steady-state analysis. As shown in results, compared with N1, the maximum deformation of N2 segment T4～T6 in the X -axis (coronal axis), Y -axis (sagittal axis) and Z -axis (vertical axis) directions decreases by 38.44%, 53.80% and 33.72%, respectively. Compared with S1, the maximum deformation of S2 segment T4～T6 in the X -axis direction, Y -axis direction and Z -axis directions decreases by 44.26%, increases by 32.80% and decreases by 49.23%, respectively. As it can be seen, for normal spine, the rib cage can improve the stability of the whole spine in three directions; for the Lenke1 scoliotic spine, the rib cage can reduce the vibration of the scoliotic spine in the X -axis and Z -axis directions and improves the stability of the whole spine in the two directions, while in the Y -axis direction, for the serious severe anteversion of scoliotic spine, the deformed rib cage exacerbates the vibration of the scoliotic spine in this direction and destroys the stability of the scoliotic spine in the Y -axis direction. This study reveals the biomechanical characteristics of rib caged influence on the stability of the scoliotic spine and it has guiding significance for the study of daily protection methods and protective tools for scoliotic patients.

Citation： YANG Hufei, LIN Liying, ZHANG Shunxin, TIAN Tian, LI Ye, HAN Li. The effect of rib cage on the dynamic response stability of the scoliotic spine. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2019, 36(5): 769-776. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.201812037 Copy

1.	郝冉, 吴志宏, 韩江娜. 脊柱侧弯对呼吸功能的影响. 中国医学科学院学报, 2011, 33(1): 102-106.
2.	郝冉, 吴志宏, 韩江娜, 等. 影响脊柱侧凸患者肺功能的脊柱胸廓畸形指标. 中国医学科学院学报, 2011, 33(2): 194-199.
3.	Stehbens W E. Pathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis revisited. Exp Mol Pathol, 2003, 74(1): 49-60.
4.	Meir A R, Fairbank J C, Jones D A, et al. High pressures and asymmetrical stresses in the scoliotic disc in the absence of muscle loading. Scoliosis, 2007, 2: 4.
5.	Keller T S, Colloca C J, Béliveau J G. Force-deformation response of the lumbar spine: a sagittal plane model of posteroanterior manipulation and mobilization. Clin Biomech, 2002, 17(3): 185-196.
6.	Bongers P M, Hulshof C T, Dijkstra L, et al. Back pain and exposure to whole body vibration in helicopter pilots. Ergonomics, 1990, 33(8): 1007-1026.
7.	尹赛赛. 人体正常腰椎及脊柱侧凸三维模型的有限元分析. 南京: 东南大学, 2014.
8.	贾少薇, 张顺心, 范顺成, 等. 脊柱侧凸腰骶椎结构的有限元分析及其变形趋势. 医用生物力学, 2017, 32(3): 235-241.
9.	谢俊德, 张顺心, 李晔, 等. 青少年特发性侧凸脊柱的动态特性. 医用生物力学, 2018, 33(04): 312-319.
10.	Schmidt H, Shirazi-Adl A, Galbusera F, et al. Response analysis of the lumbar spine during regular daily activities-a finite element analysis. J Biomech, 2010, 43(10): 1849-1856.
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12.	李新锋, 刘祖德, 汪正宇, 等. 青少年特发性脊柱侧凸胸廓对椎体轴向旋转影响的力学研究. 中华外科杂志, 2010, 48(21): 1646-1649.
13.	李仁军, 孙东明, 张彬, 等. 胸廓对椎体侧弯和轴向旋转影响的力学研究. 昆明理工大学学报:自然科学版, 2018, 43(1): 69-75.
14.	Watkins R, Watkins R, Williams L, et al. Stability provided by the sternum and rib cage in the thoracic spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(11): 1283-1286.
15.	Mannen E M, Anderson J T, Arnold P M, et al. Mechanical contribution of the rib cage in the human cadaveric thoracic spine. Spine, 2015, 40(13): E760-E766.
16.	Li Z, Kindig M W, Kerrigan J R, et al. Rib fractures under anterior–posterior dynamic loads: experimental and finite-element study. J Biomech, 2010, 43(2): 228-234.
17.	王方, 杨济匡, 李桂兵. 准静态和动态载荷下的人体胸部响应有限元分析术. 汽车工程, 2014, 36(2): 189-194.
18.	项嫔, 都承斐, 赵美雅, 等. 全腰椎有限元模态分析. 医用生物力学, 2014, 29(2): 154-160.
19.	Yamamoto I, Panjabi M, Crisco T, et al. Three-dimensional movements of the whole lumbar spine and lumbosacral joint. Spine, 1989, 14(11): 1256-1260.
20.	苏晋, 赵文志, 陈秉智, 等. 建立全腰椎有限元接触模型. 医用生物力学, 2010, 25(3): 200-205.
21.	Sylvestre P L, Villemure I, Carl-Éric A. Finite element modeling of the growth plate in a detailed spine model. Med Biol Eng Comput, 2007, 45(10): 977-988.
22.	Polikeit A, Nolte L P, Ferguson S J. The effect of cement augmentation on the load transfer in an osteoporotic functional spinal unit. Spine, 2003, 28(10): 991-996.
23.	Berkson M H, Nachemson A, Schultz A B. Mechanical properties of human lumbar spine motion segments-part II: responses in compression and shear; influence of gross morphology. J Biomech Eng, 1979, 101(1): 53-57.
24.	Nikolova G S, Toshev Y E. Estimation of male and female body segment parameters of the Bulgarian population using a 16-segmental mathematical model. J Biomech, 2007, 40(16): 3700-3707.
25.	Takashima S T, Singh S P, Haderspeck K A, et al. A model for semi-quantitative studies of muscle actions. J Biomech, 1979, 12(12): 929-939.
26.	Li X F, Liu Z D, Dai L Y, et al. Dynamic response of the idiopathic scoliotic spine to axial cyclic loads. Spine, 2011, 36(7): 521-528.
27.	Guo Lixin, Teo E C, Lee K K, et al. Vibration characteristics of the human spine under axial cyclic loads: effect of frequency and damping. Spine, 2005, 30(6): 631-637.
28.	郑昌信. 人体与振动环境. 环境保护, 1984(11): 17-22.
29.	余志生. 汽车理论: 第3版. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2000: 172-173.

1. 郝冉, 吴志宏, 韩江娜. 脊柱侧弯对呼吸功能的影响. 中国医学科学院学报, 2011, 33(1): 102-106.
2. 郝冉, 吴志宏, 韩江娜, 等. 影响脊柱侧凸患者肺功能的脊柱胸廓畸形指标. 中国医学科学院学报, 2011, 33(2): 194-199.
3. Stehbens W E. Pathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis revisited. Exp Mol Pathol, 2003, 74(1): 49-60.
4. Meir A R, Fairbank J C, Jones D A, et al. High pressures and asymmetrical stresses in the scoliotic disc in the absence of muscle loading. Scoliosis, 2007, 2: 4.
5. Keller T S, Colloca C J, Béliveau J G. Force-deformation response of the lumbar spine: a sagittal plane model of posteroanterior manipulation and mobilization. Clin Biomech, 2002, 17(3): 185-196.
6. Bongers P M, Hulshof C T, Dijkstra L, et al. Back pain and exposure to whole body vibration in helicopter pilots. Ergonomics, 1990, 33(8): 1007-1026.
7. 尹赛赛. 人体正常腰椎及脊柱侧凸三维模型的有限元分析. 南京: 东南大学, 2014.
8. 贾少薇, 张顺心, 范顺成, 等. 脊柱侧凸腰骶椎结构的有限元分析及其变形趋势. 医用生物力学, 2017, 32(3): 235-241.
9. 谢俊德, 张顺心, 李晔, 等. 青少年特发性侧凸脊柱的动态特性. 医用生物力学, 2018, 33(04): 312-319.
10. Schmidt H, Shirazi-Adl A, Galbusera F, et al. Response analysis of the lumbar spine during regular daily activities-a finite element analysis. J Biomech, 2010, 43(10): 1849-1856.
11. 胡辉莹, 何忠杰, 吕丽萍, 等. 应用Mimics软件辅助重建人体胸廓三维有限元模型的研究. 解放军医学杂志, 2008, 33(3): 273-275.
12. 李新锋, 刘祖德, 汪正宇, 等. 青少年特发性脊柱侧凸胸廓对椎体轴向旋转影响的力学研究. 中华外科杂志, 2010, 48(21): 1646-1649.
13. 李仁军, 孙东明, 张彬, 等. 胸廓对椎体侧弯和轴向旋转影响的力学研究. 昆明理工大学学报:自然科学版, 2018, 43(1): 69-75.
14. Watkins R, Watkins R, Williams L, et al. Stability provided by the sternum and rib cage in the thoracic spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(11): 1283-1286.
15. Mannen E M, Anderson J T, Arnold P M, et al. Mechanical contribution of the rib cage in the human cadaveric thoracic spine. Spine, 2015, 40(13): E760-E766.
16. Li Z, Kindig M W, Kerrigan J R, et al. Rib fractures under anterior–posterior dynamic loads: experimental and finite-element study. J Biomech, 2010, 43(2): 228-234.
17. 王方, 杨济匡, 李桂兵. 准静态和动态载荷下的人体胸部响应有限元分析术. 汽车工程, 2014, 36(2): 189-194.
18. 项嫔, 都承斐, 赵美雅, 等. 全腰椎有限元模态分析. 医用生物力学, 2014, 29(2): 154-160.
19. Yamamoto I, Panjabi M, Crisco T, et al. Three-dimensional movements of the whole lumbar spine and lumbosacral joint. Spine, 1989, 14(11): 1256-1260.
20. 苏晋, 赵文志, 陈秉智, 等. 建立全腰椎有限元接触模型. 医用生物力学, 2010, 25(3): 200-205.
21. Sylvestre P L, Villemure I, Carl-Éric A. Finite element modeling of the growth plate in a detailed spine model. Med Biol Eng Comput, 2007, 45(10): 977-988.
22. Polikeit A, Nolte L P, Ferguson S J. The effect of cement augmentation on the load transfer in an osteoporotic functional spinal unit. Spine, 2003, 28(10): 991-996.
23. Berkson M H, Nachemson A, Schultz A B. Mechanical properties of human lumbar spine motion segments-part II: responses in compression and shear; influence of gross morphology. J Biomech Eng, 1979, 101(1): 53-57.
24. Nikolova G S, Toshev Y E. Estimation of male and female body segment parameters of the Bulgarian population using a 16-segmental mathematical model. J Biomech, 2007, 40(16): 3700-3707.
25. Takashima S T, Singh S P, Haderspeck K A, et al. A model for semi-quantitative studies of muscle actions. J Biomech, 1979, 12(12): 929-939.
26. Li X F, Liu Z D, Dai L Y, et al. Dynamic response of the idiopathic scoliotic spine to axial cyclic loads. Spine, 2011, 36(7): 521-528.
27. Guo Lixin, Teo E C, Lee K K, et al. Vibration characteristics of the human spine under axial cyclic loads: effect of frequency and damping. Spine, 2005, 30(6): 631-637.
28. 郑昌信. 人体与振动环境. 环境保护, 1984(11): 17-22.
29. 余志生. 汽车理论: 第3版. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2000: 172-173.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering

The effect of rib cage on the dynamic response stability of the scoliotic spine

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