Research progress on the relationship between the Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B gene mutation and lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

WANG Yong , WEN Yi , LIN Shiyu , WEN Dan ,  XIE Jianping

Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

papillary thyroid carcinoma; lymphatic metastasis; the Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B gene mutation

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202006040

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In recent years, with the improvement of the sensitivity of examination equipment and the change of people's living environment and diet, the rate of thyroid cancer has risen rapidly, which has increased nearly five folds in 10 years. The pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, biological behavior, treatment and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma of different pathological types are obviously different. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) can develop at any age, which accounts for about 90% of thyroid cancer. It progresses slowly and has favourable prognosis, but lymph node metastasis appears easily. Whether PTC is accompanied by lymph node metastasis has an important impact on its prognosis and outcome. The Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B(BRAF)gene mutation plays a crucial role in PTC lymph node metastasis. Having an in-depth understanding of the specific role and mechanism of BRAF gene mutation in PTC is expected to provide new ideas for diagnosis and treatment of PTC.

Citation： WANG Yong, WEN Yi, LIN Shiyu, WEN Dan, XIE Jianping. Research progress on the relationship between the Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B gene mutation and lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2021, 38(1): 191-195. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202006040 Copy

1.	孔繁云, 符尚宏, 唐昌明. 甲状腺癌超声表现与颈部淋巴结转移及 BRAF V600E 突变的关系研究. 癌症进展, 2019, 17(2): 158-161.
2.	刘夏, 钟殿胜. 晚期非小细胞肺癌 BRAF 突变靶向治疗进展. 中国肺癌杂志, 2018, 21(8): 635-640.
3.	Li Y K, Zhang Y Y, Xiao S S, et al. Mps1 is associated with the BRAFV600E mutation but does not rely on the classic RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in thyroid carcinoma. Oncol Lett, 2018, 15(6): 9978-9986.
4.	Ng J Y, Lu C T, Lam A K. BRAF mutation: current and future clinical pathological applications in colorectal carcinoma. Histol Histopathol, 2019, 34(5): 469-477.
5.	Yuan J M, Ng W H, Lam P, et al. The dimer-dependent catalytic activity of RAF family kinases is revealed through characterizing their oncogenic mutants. Oncogene, 2018, 37(43): 5719-5734.
6.	Zalesna I, Hartman M L, Czyz M. BRAF mutation in progression and therapy of melanoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Postepy Hig Med Dosw, 2016, 70: 471-488.
7.	Hofman V, Lassalle S, Bence C, et al. Any place for immunohistochemistry within the predictive biomarkers of treatment in lung cancer patients?. Cancers (Basel), 2018, 10(3): 70.
8.	Kure S, Ishino K, Kudo M, et al. Incidence of BRAF V600E mutation in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma: a single-institution experience. J Int Med Res, 2019, 47(11): 5560-5572.
9.	Lv X, Wang D, Ma Y, et al. Analysis of the oncogene BRAF mutation and the correlation of the expression of wild-type BRAF and CREB1 in endometriosis. Int J Mol Med, 2018, 41(3): 1349-1356.
10.	Ke Z F, Liu Y H, Zhang Y J, et al. Diagnostic value and lymph node metastasis prediction of a custom-made panel (thyroline) in thyroid cancer. Oncol Rep, 2018, 40(2): 659-668.
11.	Damiani L, Lupo S, Rossi R, et al. Evaluation of the role of BRAFV600E somatic mutation on papillary thyroid cancer disease persistence: a prospective study. Eur Thyroid J, 2018, 7(5): 251-257.
12.	Li X, Li E, Du J, et al. BRAF mutation analysis by ARMS-PCR refines thyroid nodule management. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2019, 91(6): 834-841.
13.	Pamedytyte D, Simanaviciene V, Dauksiene D, et al. Association of MicroRNA expression and BRAF(V600E) mutation with recurrence of thyroid cancer. Biomolecules, 2020, 10(4): 625.
14.	Guo L, Ma Y Q, Yao Y, et al. Role of ultrasonographic features and quantified BRAFV600E mutation in lymph node metastasis in Chinese patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1): 75.
15.	Choi E K, Chong A, Ha J M, et al. Clinicopathological characteristics including BRAF V600E mutation status and PET/CT findings in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2017, 87(1): 73-79.
16.	Piciu A, Larg M, Piciu D. Correlation between F18-FDG PET/CT Imaging and BRAF V600E genetic mutation for the early assessment of treatment response in papillary thyroid cancers. J Pers Med, 2020, 10(2): 52.
17.	Lu Junliang, Gao Jie, Zhang Jing, et al. Association between BRAF V600E mutation and regional lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 2015, 8(1): 793-799.
18.	Ge J, Wang J, Wang H, et al. The BRAF V600E mutation is a predictor of the effect of radioiodine therapy in papillary thyroid cancer. Cancer, 2020, 11(4): 932-939.
19.	Bircan R, Gozu H I, Ulu E, et al. The mitochondrial DNA control region might have useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for thyroid tumors. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes, 2019, 127(7): 423-436.
20.	Zhou C, Li J, Wang Y, et al. Association of BRAF gene and TSHR with cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Oncol Lett, 2019, 17(1): 183-194.
21.	Kim K, Zheng X, Kim J K, et al. The contributing factors for lateral neck lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). Endocrine, 2020, 69(1): 149-156.
22.	Shen Guohua, Kou Ying, Liu Bin, et al. The BRAFV600E mutation in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma with intermediate-risk to high-risk features: does the mutation have an effect on clinical response to radioiodine therapy?. Nucl Med Commun, 2019, 40(1): 8-13.
23.	Ji W, Xie H, Wei B, et al. Relationship between BRAF V600E gene mutation and the clinical and pathologic characteristics of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 2019, 12(9): 3492-3499.
24.	杨雷, 郑荣寿, 王宁, 等. 2013 年中国甲状腺癌发病与死亡情况. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2017, 39(11): 862-867.
25.	Yusof A M, Jamal R, Saidin S, et al. Deep small RNA sequencing of BRAF V600E mutated papillary thyroid carcinoma with lymph node metastasis. Front Genet, 2019, 10: 941.
26.	Kim J, Giuliano A E, Turner R R, et al. Lymphatic mapping establishes the role of BRAF gene mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Ann Surg, 2006, 244(5): 799-804.
27.	Gao J, Ma X P, Deng F S, et al. Associations of the BRAF V600E mutation and PAQR3 protein expression with papillary thyroid carcinoma clinicopathological features. Pathol Oncol Res, 2020, 26(3): 1833-1841.
28.	Huang L, Wang X, Huang X, et al. Diagnostic significance of CK19, galectin-3, CD56, TPO and Ki67 expression and BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Oncol Lett, 2018, 15(4): 4269-4277.
29.	Chen Jie, Li Xiaolong, Zhang Yifeng, et al. Ultrasound validation of predictive model for central cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer on BRAF. Future Oncol, 2020, 16(22): 1607-1618.
30.	Qu H J, Qu X Y, Hu Z, et al. The synergic effect of BRAF(V600E) mutation and multifocality on central lymph node metastasis in unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma. Endocr J, 2018, 65(1): 113-120.
31.	Choden S, Keelawat S, Jung C K, et al. VE1 immunohistochemistry improves the limit of genotyping for detecting BRAF(V600E) mutation in papillary thyroid cancer. Cancers (Basel), 2020, 12(3): 596.
32.	Kim S K, Lee J H, Woo J W, et al. BRAF V600E mutation: differential impact on central lymph node metastasis by tumor size in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Head Neck, 2016, 38(Suppl 1): E1203-E1209.
33.	Paulson L, Shindo M, Schuff K, et al. The role of molecular markers and tumor histological type in central lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2012, 138(1): 44-49.
34.	Zheng X, Peng C, Gao M, et al. Risk factors for cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a study of 1, 587 patients. Cancer Biol Med, 2019, 16(1): 121-130.
35.	Zhao J, Liu P, Yu Y, et al. Comparison of diagnostic methods for the detection of a BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid cancer. Oncol Lett, 2019, 17(5): 4661-4666.

1. 孔繁云, 符尚宏, 唐昌明. 甲状腺癌超声表现与颈部淋巴结转移及 BRAF V600E 突变的关系研究. 癌症进展, 2019, 17(2): 158-161.
2. 刘夏, 钟殿胜. 晚期非小细胞肺癌 BRAF 突变靶向治疗进展. 中国肺癌杂志, 2018, 21(8): 635-640.
3. Li Y K, Zhang Y Y, Xiao S S, et al. Mps1 is associated with the BRAFV600E mutation but does not rely on the classic RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in thyroid carcinoma. Oncol Lett, 2018, 15(6): 9978-9986.
4. Ng J Y, Lu C T, Lam A K. BRAF mutation: current and future clinical pathological applications in colorectal carcinoma. Histol Histopathol, 2019, 34(5): 469-477.
5. Yuan J M, Ng W H, Lam P, et al. The dimer-dependent catalytic activity of RAF family kinases is revealed through characterizing their oncogenic mutants. Oncogene, 2018, 37(43): 5719-5734.
6. Zalesna I, Hartman M L, Czyz M. BRAF mutation in progression and therapy of melanoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Postepy Hig Med Dosw, 2016, 70: 471-488.
7. Hofman V, Lassalle S, Bence C, et al. Any place for immunohistochemistry within the predictive biomarkers of treatment in lung cancer patients?. Cancers (Basel), 2018, 10(3): 70.
8. Kure S, Ishino K, Kudo M, et al. Incidence of BRAF V600E mutation in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma: a single-institution experience. J Int Med Res, 2019, 47(11): 5560-5572.
9. Lv X, Wang D, Ma Y, et al. Analysis of the oncogene BRAF mutation and the correlation of the expression of wild-type BRAF and CREB1 in endometriosis. Int J Mol Med, 2018, 41(3): 1349-1356.
10. Ke Z F, Liu Y H, Zhang Y J, et al. Diagnostic value and lymph node metastasis prediction of a custom-made panel (thyroline) in thyroid cancer. Oncol Rep, 2018, 40(2): 659-668.
11. Damiani L, Lupo S, Rossi R, et al. Evaluation of the role of BRAFV600E somatic mutation on papillary thyroid cancer disease persistence: a prospective study. Eur Thyroid J, 2018, 7(5): 251-257.
12. Li X, Li E, Du J, et al. BRAF mutation analysis by ARMS-PCR refines thyroid nodule management. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2019, 91(6): 834-841.
13. Pamedytyte D, Simanaviciene V, Dauksiene D, et al. Association of MicroRNA expression and BRAF(V600E) mutation with recurrence of thyroid cancer. Biomolecules, 2020, 10(4): 625.
14. Guo L, Ma Y Q, Yao Y, et al. Role of ultrasonographic features and quantified BRAFV600E mutation in lymph node metastasis in Chinese patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1): 75.
15. Choi E K, Chong A, Ha J M, et al. Clinicopathological characteristics including BRAF V600E mutation status and PET/CT findings in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 2017, 87(1): 73-79.
16. Piciu A, Larg M, Piciu D. Correlation between F18-FDG PET/CT Imaging and BRAF V600E genetic mutation for the early assessment of treatment response in papillary thyroid cancers. J Pers Med, 2020, 10(2): 52.
17. Lu Junliang, Gao Jie, Zhang Jing, et al. Association between BRAF V600E mutation and regional lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 2015, 8(1): 793-799.
18. Ge J, Wang J, Wang H, et al. The BRAF V600E mutation is a predictor of the effect of radioiodine therapy in papillary thyroid cancer. Cancer, 2020, 11(4): 932-939.
19. Bircan R, Gozu H I, Ulu E, et al. The mitochondrial DNA control region might have useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for thyroid tumors. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes, 2019, 127(7): 423-436.
20. Zhou C, Li J, Wang Y, et al. Association of BRAF gene and TSHR with cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Oncol Lett, 2019, 17(1): 183-194.
21. Kim K, Zheng X, Kim J K, et al. The contributing factors for lateral neck lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). Endocrine, 2020, 69(1): 149-156.
22. Shen Guohua, Kou Ying, Liu Bin, et al. The BRAFV600E mutation in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma with intermediate-risk to high-risk features: does the mutation have an effect on clinical response to radioiodine therapy?. Nucl Med Commun, 2019, 40(1): 8-13.
23. Ji W, Xie H, Wei B, et al. Relationship between BRAF V600E gene mutation and the clinical and pathologic characteristics of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 2019, 12(9): 3492-3499.
24. 杨雷, 郑荣寿, 王宁, 等. 2013 年中国甲状腺癌发病与死亡情况. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2017, 39(11): 862-867.
25. Yusof A M, Jamal R, Saidin S, et al. Deep small RNA sequencing of BRAF V600E mutated papillary thyroid carcinoma with lymph node metastasis. Front Genet, 2019, 10: 941.
26. Kim J, Giuliano A E, Turner R R, et al. Lymphatic mapping establishes the role of BRAF gene mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Ann Surg, 2006, 244(5): 799-804.
27. Gao J, Ma X P, Deng F S, et al. Associations of the BRAF V600E mutation and PAQR3 protein expression with papillary thyroid carcinoma clinicopathological features. Pathol Oncol Res, 2020, 26(3): 1833-1841.
28. Huang L, Wang X, Huang X, et al. Diagnostic significance of CK19, galectin-3, CD56, TPO and Ki67 expression and BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Oncol Lett, 2018, 15(4): 4269-4277.
29. Chen Jie, Li Xiaolong, Zhang Yifeng, et al. Ultrasound validation of predictive model for central cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer on BRAF. Future Oncol, 2020, 16(22): 1607-1618.
30. Qu H J, Qu X Y, Hu Z, et al. The synergic effect of BRAF(V600E) mutation and multifocality on central lymph node metastasis in unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma. Endocr J, 2018, 65(1): 113-120.
31. Choden S, Keelawat S, Jung C K, et al. VE1 immunohistochemistry improves the limit of genotyping for detecting BRAF(V600E) mutation in papillary thyroid cancer. Cancers (Basel), 2020, 12(3): 596.
32. Kim S K, Lee J H, Woo J W, et al. BRAF V600E mutation: differential impact on central lymph node metastasis by tumor size in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Head Neck, 2016, 38(Suppl 1): E1203-E1209.
33. Paulson L, Shindo M, Schuff K, et al. The role of molecular markers and tumor histological type in central lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2012, 138(1): 44-49.
34. Zheng X, Peng C, Gao M, et al. Risk factors for cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a study of 1, 587 patients. Cancer Biol Med, 2019, 16(1): 121-130.
35. Zhao J, Liu P, Yu Y, et al. Comparison of diagnostic methods for the detection of a BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid cancer. Oncol Lett, 2019, 17(5): 4661-4666.

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Research progress on the relationship between the Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B gene mutation and lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma

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