Research progress of effect of Tai Chi on cognitive function in the elderly based on neuroelectrophysiological techniques and brain imaging techniques_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

XUE Chen ^1,2 , LI Yuxi ¹ , ZHONG Dongling ¹ , LI Juan ¹ ,  ZHENG Zhong ² ,  JIN Rongjiang ¹

1. Institution of Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu 610075, P. R. China;
2. Center for Neurobiological Detection, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Tai Chi; The elderly; Cognitive function; Neuroelectrophysiological techniques; Brain imaging technique

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202105003

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

With the increasing prominence of population aging, the cognitive decline of the elderly has gradually become a hotspot of clinical research. As a traditional rehabilitation exercise, Tai Chi has been proved to have a positive effect on improving cognitive function and delaying cognitive decline in the elderly. However, the related brain function mechanism is still unclear. In this paper, we collected studies which observed the changes of Tai Chi on brain regions related to cognitive function in the elderly using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). We summarized relevant studies from perspective of structural and functional changes in the brain. The results showed that Tai Chi may delay and improve cognitive decline in the elderly by reshaping the structure and function of brain regions related to cognitive function such as memory, attention and execution. The effect of Tai Chi for cognitive function may be associated with positive regulation of cardiovascular function, emotion and meditation level of the elderly. In addition, the improvement of cognitive function further enhances the balance of the elderly. We also found that practice time, frequency and intensity of Tai Chi could be factors influencing the improvement of cognitive function and brain function in the elderly.

Citation： XUE Chen, LI Yuxi, ZHONG Dongling, LI Juan, ZHENG Zhong, JIN Rongjiang. Research progress of effect of Tai Chi on cognitive function in the elderly based on neuroelectrophysiological techniques and brain imaging techniques. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2022, 39(4): 826-832. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202105003 Copy

1.	郭晓征, 王兴. 基于近红外光谱分析技术评价运动对老年人认知功能改善的作用. 中国组织工程研究, 2020, 24(11): 1790-1796.
2.	张惠玲, 钟冬灵, 李涓, 等. 中国老年轻度认知障碍患病率的系统评价. 中国循证医学杂志, 2020, 20(1): 17-25.
3.	陶雪琴, 廖雄, 李梦倩, 等. 社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍的流行病学调查. 中国老年学杂志, 2016, 36(13): 3283-3286.
4.	Livingston G, Huntley J, Sommerlad A, et al. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission. Lancet, 2020, 396(10248): 413-446.
5.	Petersen R C, Lopez O, Armstrong M J, et al. Practice guideline update summary: mild cognitive impairment: report of the guideline development, dissemination, and implementation subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology, 2018, 90(3): 126-135.
6.	朱自强, 赵梦娟, 赵春善. 传统有氧康复运动对轻度认知障碍老年人认知功能影响的Meta分析. 中医药导报, 2020, 26(10): 154-158, 170.
7.	Nguyen M H, Kruse A. A randomized controlled trial of Tai Chi for balance, sleep quality and cognitive performance in elderly Vietnamese. Clin Interv Aging, 2012, 7: 185-190.
8.	Sungkarat S, Boripuntakul S, Chattipakorn N, et al. Effects of Tai Chi on cognition and fall risk in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2017, 65(4): 721-727.
9.	Wu M T, Tang P F, Goh J O S, et al. Task-switching performance improvements after Tai Chi Chuan training are associated with greater prefrontal activation in older adults. Front Aging Neurosci, 2018, 10: 280.
10.	张琪, 宋慧敏, 曹睿, 等. 太极拳对轻度认知障碍老年人认知功能干预效果的Meta分析. 中国护理管理, 2020, 20(6): 865-871.
11.	Roche R A, Mullally S L, McNulty J P, et al. Prolonged rote learning produces delayed memory facilitation and metabolic changes in the hippocampus of the ageing human brain. BMC Neurosci, 2009, 10: 136.
12.	Yue C, Yu Q, Zhang Y, et al. Regular Tai Chi practice is associated with improved memory as well as structural and functional alterations of the hippocampus in the elderly. Front Aging Neurosci, 2020, 12: 586770.
13.	Tao J, Liu J, Liu W, et al. Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin increase grey matter volume in older adults: a brain imaging study. J Alzheimers Dis, 2017, 60(2): 389-400.
14.	董国昭, 钱天翼, 卢洁. 静息态功能磁共振脑功能连接个体差异的研究进展. 中华老年心脑血管病杂志, 2017, 19(1): 106-107.
15.	Tao J, Liu J, Egorova N, et al. Increased hippocampus-medial prefrontal cortex resting-state functional connectivity and memory function after Tai Chi Chuan practice in elder adults. Front Aging Neurosci, 2016, 8: 25.
16.	Zang Y, Jiang T, Lu Y, et al. Regional homogeneity approach to fMRI data analysis. Neuroimage, 2004, 22(1): 394-400.
17.	Tao J, Chen X, Liu J, et al. Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin mind-body training changes resting-state low-frequency fluctuations in the frontal lobe of older adults: a resting-state fMRI study. Front Hum Neurosci, 2017, 11: 514.
18.	Miller E K, Cohen J D. An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annu Rev Neurosci, 2001, 24: 167-202.
19.	Takehara-Nishiuchi K, McNaughton B L. Spontaneous changes of neocortical code for associative memory during consolidation. Science, 2008, 322(5903): 960-963.
20.	Alvarez J A, Emory E. Executive function and the frontal lobes: a meta-analytic review. Neuropsychol Rev, 2006, 16(1): 17-42.
21.	Nyberg L, Salami A, Andersson M, et al. Longitudinal evidence for diminished frontal cortex function in aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2010, 107(52): 22682-22686.
22.	杜凯. 太极拳运动对老年人注意转换功能的影响及fMRI研究. 上海: 上海体育学院, 2019.
23.	陈爽. 太极拳和步行锻炼对老年人任务转换功能影响的比较研究. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2020.
24.	Wei G X, Xu T, Fan F M, et al. Can Taichi reshape the brain? a brain morphometry study. Plos One, 2013, 8(4): e61038.
25.	Xu D, Hong Y, Li J, et al. Effect of Tai Chi exercise on proprioception of ankle and knee joints in old people. Br J Sports Med, 2004, 38(1): 50-54.
26.	Papegaaij S, Hortobágyi T, Godde B, et al. Neural correlates of motor-cognitive dual-tasking in young and old adults. Plos One, 2017, 12(12): e0189025.
27.	梅剑. 基于多模态磁共振的习练太极拳者脑网络研究. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2019.
28.	Hillman C H, Erickson K I, Kramer A F. Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci, 2008, 9(1): 58-65.
29.	Cavanna A E, Trimble M R. The precuneus: a review of its functional anatomy and behavioural correlates. Brain, 2006, 129(3): 564-583.
30.	Wang S, Blazer D G. Depression and cognition in the elderly. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 2015, 11: 331-360.
31.	Tao J, Chen X, Egorova N, et al. Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin practice modulates functional connectivity of the cognitive control network in older adults. Sci Rep, 2017, 7: 41581.
32.	Critchley H D, Wiens S, Rotshtein P, et al. Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness. Nat Neurosci, 2004, 7(2): 189-195.
33.	Wang Y, Liao C, Shangguan C, et al. Individual differences in emotion differentiation modulate electrocortical dynamics of cognitive reappraisal. Psychophysiology, 2020, 57(12): e13690.
34.	谢平, 杨芳梅, 李欣欣, 等. 基于变分模态分解-传递熵的脑肌电信号耦合分析. 物理学报, 2016, 65(11): 285-293.
35.	李昕, 谢佳利, 侯永捷, 等. 脑电特征分析在阿尔茨海默症临床研究中的应用. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2016, 35(2): 234-240.
36.	侯晓玲, 陈志华, 赵力. 脑电图数据中α波功率谱分布特性的研究. 现代生物医学进展, 2008(10): 1864-1865, 1896.
37.	魏璐璐. 健身气功八段锦对脑电信号影响的研究. 广州: 广州体育学院, 2019.
38.	肖英霞. P300与认知加工: 方法、机制和应用. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2015, 23(9): 1425-1430.
39.	李章平. 老化及运动对女性老年人执行功能的影响——来自太极拳和广场舞运动的证据. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2019.
40.	吕墨竹, 郭峰. 基于sLORETA脑成像技术探究太极拳运动对中老年人安静状态下脑波影响的研究. 沈阳体育学院学报, 2019, 38(2): 130-139.
41.	Liu Y, Mimura K, Wang L, et al. Physiological benefits of 24-style Taijiquan exercise in middle-aged women. J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci, 2003, 22(5): 219-225.
42.	Kawano K. EEG and topography during Chinese 'Qigong' training. Neurosciences, 1990, 16: 503-508.
43.	Fong D Y, Chi L K, Li F, et al. The benefits of endurance exercise and Tai Chi Chuan for the task-switching aspect of executive function in older adults: an ERP study. Front Aging Neurosci, 2014, 6: 295.
44.	杨子燚. 太极拳和广场舞锻炼对女性老年人工作记忆影响的ERP研究. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2019.
45.	Wu C H, Karageorghis C I, Wang C C, et al. Effects of acute aerobic and resistance exercise on executive function: an ERP study. J Sci Med Sport, 2019, 22(12): 1367-1372.
46.	崔永胜, 杨慧馨. 太极拳与快走锻炼对轻度认知功能障碍老年人认知功能的影响. 哈尔滨体育学院学报, 2019, 37(5): 17-22.
47.	纪之光. 高认知要求运动改善老年人抑制功能的特征及其机制. 上海: 上海体育学院, 2018.
48.	Chen C Y, Muggleton N G. Electrophysiological investigation of the effects of Tai Chi on inhibitory control in older individuals. Prog Brain Res, 2020, 253: 229-242.
49.	Hawkes T D, Manselle W, Woollacott M H. Tai Chi and meditation-plus-exercise benefit neural substrates of executive function: a cross-sectional, controlled study. J Complement Integr Med, 2014, 11(4): 279-288.
50.	Cheung T C Y, Liu K P Y, Wong J Y H, et al. Acute effects of Tai Chi training on cognitive and cardiovascular responses in late middle-aged adults: a pilot study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2018, 2018: 7575123.
51.	Walhovd K B, Fjell A M. The relationship between P3 and neuropsychological function in an adult life span sample. Biol Psychol, 2003, 62(1): 65-87.
52.	Riis J L, Chong H, Ryan K K, et al. Compensatory neural activity distinguishes different patterns of normal cognitive aging. Neuroimage, 2008, 39(1): 441-454.
53.	Bunce S C, Izzetoglu M, Izzetoglu K, et al. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag, 2006, 25(4): 54-62.
54.	关硕. 太极拳对老年人认知功能的影响: fNIRS研究. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2020.
55.	Morawetz C, Bode S, Derntl B, et al. The effect of strategies, goals and stimulus material on the neural mechanisms of emotion regulation: a meta-analysis of fMRI studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 2017, 72: 111-128.
56.	杨源. 8周太极拳运动对社区老年人认知控制与工作记忆能力的影响. 北京: 首都体育学院, 2019.
57.	Tsang W W N, Chan K K, Cheng C N, et al. Tai Chi practice on prefrontal oxygenation levels in older adults: a pilot study. Complement Ther Med, 2019, 42: 132-136.
58.	谢晖. 基于近红外光谱法的太极拳训练对脑功能影响实验研究. 济南: 山东大学, 2018.
59.	许磊. 基于近红外光谱法的太极拳练习对脑功能连接的急性运动影响分析. 济南: 山东大学, 2018.
60.	Honea R A, Thomas G P, Harsha A, et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness and preserved medial temporal lobe volume in Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 2009, 23(3): 188-197.
61.	Dirnagl U. Metabolic aspects of neurovascular coupling. Adv Exp Med Biol, 1997, 413: 155-159.
62.	Chang Y K, Nien Y H, Chen A G, et al. Tai Ji Quan, the brain, and cognition in older adults. J Sport Health Sci, 2014, 3(1): 36-42.

1. 郭晓征, 王兴. 基于近红外光谱分析技术评价运动对老年人认知功能改善的作用. 中国组织工程研究, 2020, 24(11): 1790-1796.
2. 张惠玲, 钟冬灵, 李涓, 等. 中国老年轻度认知障碍患病率的系统评价. 中国循证医学杂志, 2020, 20(1): 17-25.
3. 陶雪琴, 廖雄, 李梦倩, 等. 社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍的流行病学调查. 中国老年学杂志, 2016, 36(13): 3283-3286.
4. Livingston G, Huntley J, Sommerlad A, et al. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission. Lancet, 2020, 396(10248): 413-446.
5. Petersen R C, Lopez O, Armstrong M J, et al. Practice guideline update summary: mild cognitive impairment: report of the guideline development, dissemination, and implementation subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology, 2018, 90(3): 126-135.
6. 朱自强, 赵梦娟, 赵春善. 传统有氧康复运动对轻度认知障碍老年人认知功能影响的Meta分析. 中医药导报, 2020, 26(10): 154-158, 170.
7. Nguyen M H, Kruse A. A randomized controlled trial of Tai Chi for balance, sleep quality and cognitive performance in elderly Vietnamese. Clin Interv Aging, 2012, 7: 185-190.
8. Sungkarat S, Boripuntakul S, Chattipakorn N, et al. Effects of Tai Chi on cognition and fall risk in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2017, 65(4): 721-727.
9. Wu M T, Tang P F, Goh J O S, et al. Task-switching performance improvements after Tai Chi Chuan training are associated with greater prefrontal activation in older adults. Front Aging Neurosci, 2018, 10: 280.
10. 张琪, 宋慧敏, 曹睿, 等. 太极拳对轻度认知障碍老年人认知功能干预效果的Meta分析. 中国护理管理, 2020, 20(6): 865-871.
11. Roche R A, Mullally S L, McNulty J P, et al. Prolonged rote learning produces delayed memory facilitation and metabolic changes in the hippocampus of the ageing human brain. BMC Neurosci, 2009, 10: 136.
12. Yue C, Yu Q, Zhang Y, et al. Regular Tai Chi practice is associated with improved memory as well as structural and functional alterations of the hippocampus in the elderly. Front Aging Neurosci, 2020, 12: 586770.
13. Tao J, Liu J, Liu W, et al. Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin increase grey matter volume in older adults: a brain imaging study. J Alzheimers Dis, 2017, 60(2): 389-400.
14. 董国昭, 钱天翼, 卢洁. 静息态功能磁共振脑功能连接个体差异的研究进展. 中华老年心脑血管病杂志, 2017, 19(1): 106-107.
15. Tao J, Liu J, Egorova N, et al. Increased hippocampus-medial prefrontal cortex resting-state functional connectivity and memory function after Tai Chi Chuan practice in elder adults. Front Aging Neurosci, 2016, 8: 25.
16. Zang Y, Jiang T, Lu Y, et al. Regional homogeneity approach to fMRI data analysis. Neuroimage, 2004, 22(1): 394-400.
17. Tao J, Chen X, Liu J, et al. Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin mind-body training changes resting-state low-frequency fluctuations in the frontal lobe of older adults: a resting-state fMRI study. Front Hum Neurosci, 2017, 11: 514.
18. Miller E K, Cohen J D. An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annu Rev Neurosci, 2001, 24: 167-202.
19. Takehara-Nishiuchi K, McNaughton B L. Spontaneous changes of neocortical code for associative memory during consolidation. Science, 2008, 322(5903): 960-963.
20. Alvarez J A, Emory E. Executive function and the frontal lobes: a meta-analytic review. Neuropsychol Rev, 2006, 16(1): 17-42.
21. Nyberg L, Salami A, Andersson M, et al. Longitudinal evidence for diminished frontal cortex function in aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2010, 107(52): 22682-22686.
22. 杜凯. 太极拳运动对老年人注意转换功能的影响及fMRI研究. 上海: 上海体育学院, 2019.
23. 陈爽. 太极拳和步行锻炼对老年人任务转换功能影响的比较研究. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2020.
24. Wei G X, Xu T, Fan F M, et al. Can Taichi reshape the brain? a brain morphometry study. Plos One, 2013, 8(4): e61038.
25. Xu D, Hong Y, Li J, et al. Effect of Tai Chi exercise on proprioception of ankle and knee joints in old people. Br J Sports Med, 2004, 38(1): 50-54.
26. Papegaaij S, Hortobágyi T, Godde B, et al. Neural correlates of motor-cognitive dual-tasking in young and old adults. Plos One, 2017, 12(12): e0189025.
27. 梅剑. 基于多模态磁共振的习练太极拳者脑网络研究. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2019.
28. Hillman C H, Erickson K I, Kramer A F. Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci, 2008, 9(1): 58-65.
29. Cavanna A E, Trimble M R. The precuneus: a review of its functional anatomy and behavioural correlates. Brain, 2006, 129(3): 564-583.
30. Wang S, Blazer D G. Depression and cognition in the elderly. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 2015, 11: 331-360.
31. Tao J, Chen X, Egorova N, et al. Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin practice modulates functional connectivity of the cognitive control network in older adults. Sci Rep, 2017, 7: 41581.
32. Critchley H D, Wiens S, Rotshtein P, et al. Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness. Nat Neurosci, 2004, 7(2): 189-195.
33. Wang Y, Liao C, Shangguan C, et al. Individual differences in emotion differentiation modulate electrocortical dynamics of cognitive reappraisal. Psychophysiology, 2020, 57(12): e13690.
34. 谢平, 杨芳梅, 李欣欣, 等. 基于变分模态分解-传递熵的脑肌电信号耦合分析. 物理学报, 2016, 65(11): 285-293.
35. 李昕, 谢佳利, 侯永捷, 等. 脑电特征分析在阿尔茨海默症临床研究中的应用. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2016, 35(2): 234-240.
36. 侯晓玲, 陈志华, 赵力. 脑电图数据中α波功率谱分布特性的研究. 现代生物医学进展, 2008(10): 1864-1865, 1896.
37. 魏璐璐. 健身气功八段锦对脑电信号影响的研究. 广州: 广州体育学院, 2019.
38. 肖英霞. P300与认知加工: 方法、机制和应用. 中国健康心理学杂志, 2015, 23(9): 1425-1430.
39. 李章平. 老化及运动对女性老年人执行功能的影响——来自太极拳和广场舞运动的证据. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2019.
40. 吕墨竹, 郭峰. 基于sLORETA脑成像技术探究太极拳运动对中老年人安静状态下脑波影响的研究. 沈阳体育学院学报, 2019, 38(2): 130-139.
41. Liu Y, Mimura K, Wang L, et al. Physiological benefits of 24-style Taijiquan exercise in middle-aged women. J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci, 2003, 22(5): 219-225.
42. Kawano K. EEG and topography during Chinese 'Qigong' training. Neurosciences, 1990, 16: 503-508.
43. Fong D Y, Chi L K, Li F, et al. The benefits of endurance exercise and Tai Chi Chuan for the task-switching aspect of executive function in older adults: an ERP study. Front Aging Neurosci, 2014, 6: 295.
44. 杨子燚. 太极拳和广场舞锻炼对女性老年人工作记忆影响的ERP研究. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2019.
45. Wu C H, Karageorghis C I, Wang C C, et al. Effects of acute aerobic and resistance exercise on executive function: an ERP study. J Sci Med Sport, 2019, 22(12): 1367-1372.
46. 崔永胜, 杨慧馨. 太极拳与快走锻炼对轻度认知功能障碍老年人认知功能的影响. 哈尔滨体育学院学报, 2019, 37(5): 17-22.
47. 纪之光. 高认知要求运动改善老年人抑制功能的特征及其机制. 上海: 上海体育学院, 2018.
48. Chen C Y, Muggleton N G. Electrophysiological investigation of the effects of Tai Chi on inhibitory control in older individuals. Prog Brain Res, 2020, 253: 229-242.
49. Hawkes T D, Manselle W, Woollacott M H. Tai Chi and meditation-plus-exercise benefit neural substrates of executive function: a cross-sectional, controlled study. J Complement Integr Med, 2014, 11(4): 279-288.
50. Cheung T C Y, Liu K P Y, Wong J Y H, et al. Acute effects of Tai Chi training on cognitive and cardiovascular responses in late middle-aged adults: a pilot study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2018, 2018: 7575123.
51. Walhovd K B, Fjell A M. The relationship between P3 and neuropsychological function in an adult life span sample. Biol Psychol, 2003, 62(1): 65-87.
52. Riis J L, Chong H, Ryan K K, et al. Compensatory neural activity distinguishes different patterns of normal cognitive aging. Neuroimage, 2008, 39(1): 441-454.
53. Bunce S C, Izzetoglu M, Izzetoglu K, et al. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag, 2006, 25(4): 54-62.
54. 关硕. 太极拳对老年人认知功能的影响: fNIRS研究. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2020.
55. Morawetz C, Bode S, Derntl B, et al. The effect of strategies, goals and stimulus material on the neural mechanisms of emotion regulation: a meta-analysis of fMRI studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 2017, 72: 111-128.
56. 杨源. 8周太极拳运动对社区老年人认知控制与工作记忆能力的影响. 北京: 首都体育学院, 2019.
57. Tsang W W N, Chan K K, Cheng C N, et al. Tai Chi practice on prefrontal oxygenation levels in older adults: a pilot study. Complement Ther Med, 2019, 42: 132-136.
58. 谢晖. 基于近红外光谱法的太极拳训练对脑功能影响实验研究. 济南: 山东大学, 2018.
59. 许磊. 基于近红外光谱法的太极拳练习对脑功能连接的急性运动影响分析. 济南: 山东大学, 2018.
60. Honea R A, Thomas G P, Harsha A, et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness and preserved medial temporal lobe volume in Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 2009, 23(3): 188-197.
61. Dirnagl U. Metabolic aspects of neurovascular coupling. Adv Exp Med Biol, 1997, 413: 155-159.
62. Chang Y K, Nien Y H, Chen A G, et al. Tai Ji Quan, the brain, and cognition in older adults. J Sport Health Sci, 2014, 3(1): 36-42.

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Research progress of effect of Tai Chi on cognitive function in the elderly based on neuroelectrophysiological techniques and brain imaging techniques

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