Interpretation of International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis guidelines for peritoneal dialysis in patients with acute kidney injury_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

HU Wenxue , LIANG Huaban ,  LIANG Xinling

Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

LIANG Xinling, Email: xinlingliang_ggh@163.com

Keywords：

Acute kidney injury; peritoneal dialysis; guidelines; critical care

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202205149

Video：

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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is widely used to treat acute kidney injury (AKI) in low-resource and higher income countries. This paper summarizes the key points and improvements of the 2020 International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis guidelines in five aspects of outcomes for AKI treatment, peritoneal access, dialysis solutions, prescription of dialysis with targets of solute clearance and complications, so as to provide references for AKI in clinical practice.

Citation： HU Wenxue, LIANG Huaban, LIANG Xinling. Interpretation of International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis guidelines for peritoneal dialysis in patients with acute kidney injury. West China Medical Journal, 2022, 37(7): 989-995. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202205149 Copy

1.	Frank HA, Seligman AM, Fine J. Treatment of uremia after acute renal failure by peritoneal irrigation. J Am Med Assoc, 1946, 130: 703-705.
2.	Gabriel DP, Caramori JT, Martim LC, et al. High volume peritoneal dialysis vs daily hemodialysis: a randomized, controlled trial in patients with acute kidney injury. Kidney Int Suppl, 2008(108): S87-S93.
3.	Al-Hwiesh A, Abdul-Rahman I, Finkelstein F, et al. Acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: a prospective randomized study of tidal peritoneal dialysis versus continuous renal replacement therapy. Ther Apher Dial, 2018, 22(4): 371-379.
4.	El Shamy O, Vassalotti JA, Sharma S, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalized patients with acute kidney injury treated with acute peritoneal dialysis do not have infectious peritoneal dialysis effluent. Kidney Int, 2020, 98(3): 782.
5.	Cullis B, Abdelraheem M, Abrahams G, et al. Peritoneal dialysis for acute kidney injury. Perit Dial Int, 2014, 34(5): 494-517.
6.	Cullis B, Al-Hwiesh A, Kilonzo K, et al. ISPD guidelines for peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: 2020 update (adults). Perit Dial Int, 2021, 41(1): 15-31.
7.	Liu L, Zhang L, Liu GJ, et al. Peritoneal dialysis for acute kidney injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017, 12(12): CD011457.
8.	Wong SN, Geary DF. Comparison of temporary and permanent catheters for acute peritoneal dialysis. Arch Dis Child, 1988, 63(7): 827-831.
9.	Rao P, Passadakis P, Oreopoulos DG. Peritoneal dialysis in acute renal failure. Perit Dial Int, 2003, 23(4): 320-322.
10.	Tsimoyiannis E, Siakas P, Glantzounis G, et al. Laparoscopic placement of the Tenckhoff catheter for peritoneal dialysis. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutaneous Tech, 2000, 10(4): 218-221.
11.	Esezobor CI, Ladapo TA, Lesi FE. Peritoneal dialysis for children with acute kidney injury in Lagos, Nigeria: experience with adaptations. Perit Dial Int, 2014, 34(5): 534-538.
12.	Ademola AD, Asinobi AO, Ogunkunle OO, et al. Peritoneal dialysis in childhood acute kidney injury: experience in southwest Nigeria. Perit Dial Int, 2012, 32(3): 267-272.
13.	Crabtree JH, Shrestha BM, Chow KM, et al. Creating and maintaining optimal peritoneal dialysis access in the adult patient: 2019 update. Perit Dial Int, 2019, 39(5): 414-436.
14.	Crabtree JH. Selected best demonstrated practices in peritoneal dialysis access. Kidney Int Suppl, 2006(103): S27-S37.
15.	Gadallah MF, Ramdeen G, Torres C, et al. Preoperative vancomycin prophylaxis for newly placed peritoneal dialysis catheters prevents postoperative peritonitis. Adv Perit Dial, 2000, 16: 199-203.
16.	Wikdahl AM, Engman U, Stegmayr BG, et al. One-dose cefuroxime i. v. and i. p. reduces microbial growth in PD patients after catheter insertion. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 1997, 12(1): 157-160.
17.	Lye WC, Lee EJ, Tan CC. Prophylactic antibiotics in the insertion of Tenckhoff catheters. Scand J Urol Nephrol, 1992, 26(2): 177-180.
18.	Strippoli GF, Tong A, Johnson D, et al. Antimicrobial agents for preventing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2004(4): CD004679.
19.	Öberg CM, Rippe B. Optimizing automated peritoneal dialysis using an extended 3-pore model. Kidney Int Rep, 2017, 2(5): 943-951.
20.	Bai ZG, Yang K, Tian JH, et al. Bicarbonate versus lactate solutions for acute peritoneal dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2014(7): CD007034.
21.	Santos CR, Branco PQ, Gaspar A, et al. Use of peritoneal dialysis after surgery for congenital heart disease in children. Perit Dial Int, 2012, 32(3): 273-279.
22.	Ponce D, Caramori JT, Barretti P, et al. Peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: Brazilian experience. Perit Dial Int, 2012, 32(3): 242-246.
23.	Ponce D, Berbel MN, Abrão JMG, et al. A randomized clinical trial of high volume peritoneal dialysis versus extended daily hemodialysis for acute kidney injury patients. Int Urol Nephrol, 2013, 45(3): 869-878.
24.	Kilonzo KG, Ghosh S, Temu SA, et al. Outcome of acute peritoneal dialysis in northern Tanzania. Perit Dial Int, 2012, 32(3): 261-266.
25.	Chitalia VC, Almeida AF, Rai H, et al. Is peritoneal dialysis adequate for hypercatabolic acute renal failure in developing countries?. Kidney Int, 2002, 61(2): 747-757.
26.	Parapiboon W, Jamratpan T. Intensive versus minimal standard dosage for peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: a randomized pilot study. Perit Dial Int, 2017, 37(5): 523-528.
27.	Bouman CS. Antimicrobial dosing strategies in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury and high-dose continuous veno-venous hemofiltration. Curr Opin Crit Care, 2008, 14(6): 654-659.
28.	Li PK, Szeto CC, Piraino B, et al. ISPD peritonitis recommendations: 2016 update on prevention and treatment. Perit Dial Int, 2016, 36(5): 481-508.
29.	Barretti P, Doles JV, Pinotti DG, et al. Efficacy of antibiotic therapy for peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis: a proportional meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis, 2014, 14: 445.
30.	Diaz-Buxo JA, Crawford TL, Bailie GR. Peritonitis in automated peritoneal dialysis: antibiotic therapy and pharmacokinetics. Perit Dial Int, 2001, 21(Suppl 3): S197-S201.
31.	Vijt D, Castro MJ, Endall G, et al. Post insertion catheter care in peritoneal dialysis (PD) centres across Europe-Part 2: complication rates and individual patient outcomes. EDTNA ERCA J, 2004, 30(2): 91-96.
32.	Sahani MM, Mukhtar KN, Boorgu R, et al. Tissue plasminogen activator can effectively declot peritoneal dialysis catheters. Am J Kidney Dis, 2000, 36(3): 675.
33.	Zorzanello MM, Fleming WJ, Prowant BE. Use of tissue plasminogen activator in peritoneal dialysis catheters: a literature review and one center’s experience. Nephrol Nurs J, 2004, 31(5): 534-537.
34.	Herbrig K, Pistrosch F, Gross P, et al. Resumption of peritoneal dialysis after transcutaneous treatment of a peritoneal leakage using fibrin glue. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2006, 21(7): 2037-2038.
35.	Sojo ET, Grosman MD, Monteverde ML, et al. Fibrin glue is useful in preventing early dialysate leakage in children on chronic peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int, 2004, 24(2): 186-190.
36.	Rusthoven E, van de Kar NA, Monnens LA, et al. Fibrin glue used successfully in peritoneal dialysis catheter leakage in children. Perit Dial Int, 2004, 24(3): 287-289.
37.	Blumenkrantz MJ, Gahl GM, Kopple JD, et al. Protein losses during peritoneal dialysis. Kidney Int, 1981, 19(4): 593-602.
38.	Perl J, Huckvale K, Chellar M, et al. Peritoneal protein clearance and not peritoneal membrane transport status predicts survival in a contemporary cohort of peritoneal dialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 2009, 4(7): 1201-1206.
39.	Ponce D, Berbel MN, Regina de Goes C, et al. High-volume peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: indications and limitations. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 2012, 7(6): 887-894.
40.	Rhodes A, Evans LE, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016. Intensive Care Med, 2017, 43(3): 304-377.

1. Frank HA, Seligman AM, Fine J. Treatment of uremia after acute renal failure by peritoneal irrigation. J Am Med Assoc, 1946, 130: 703-705.
2. Gabriel DP, Caramori JT, Martim LC, et al. High volume peritoneal dialysis vs daily hemodialysis: a randomized, controlled trial in patients with acute kidney injury. Kidney Int Suppl, 2008(108): S87-S93.
3. Al-Hwiesh A, Abdul-Rahman I, Finkelstein F, et al. Acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: a prospective randomized study of tidal peritoneal dialysis versus continuous renal replacement therapy. Ther Apher Dial, 2018, 22(4): 371-379.
4. El Shamy O, Vassalotti JA, Sharma S, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalized patients with acute kidney injury treated with acute peritoneal dialysis do not have infectious peritoneal dialysis effluent. Kidney Int, 2020, 98(3): 782.
5. Cullis B, Abdelraheem M, Abrahams G, et al. Peritoneal dialysis for acute kidney injury. Perit Dial Int, 2014, 34(5): 494-517.
6. Cullis B, Al-Hwiesh A, Kilonzo K, et al. ISPD guidelines for peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: 2020 update (adults). Perit Dial Int, 2021, 41(1): 15-31.
7. Liu L, Zhang L, Liu GJ, et al. Peritoneal dialysis for acute kidney injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017, 12(12): CD011457.
8. Wong SN, Geary DF. Comparison of temporary and permanent catheters for acute peritoneal dialysis. Arch Dis Child, 1988, 63(7): 827-831.
9. Rao P, Passadakis P, Oreopoulos DG. Peritoneal dialysis in acute renal failure. Perit Dial Int, 2003, 23(4): 320-322.
10. Tsimoyiannis E, Siakas P, Glantzounis G, et al. Laparoscopic placement of the Tenckhoff catheter for peritoneal dialysis. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutaneous Tech, 2000, 10(4): 218-221.
11. Esezobor CI, Ladapo TA, Lesi FE. Peritoneal dialysis for children with acute kidney injury in Lagos, Nigeria: experience with adaptations. Perit Dial Int, 2014, 34(5): 534-538.
12. Ademola AD, Asinobi AO, Ogunkunle OO, et al. Peritoneal dialysis in childhood acute kidney injury: experience in southwest Nigeria. Perit Dial Int, 2012, 32(3): 267-272.
13. Crabtree JH, Shrestha BM, Chow KM, et al. Creating and maintaining optimal peritoneal dialysis access in the adult patient: 2019 update. Perit Dial Int, 2019, 39(5): 414-436.
14. Crabtree JH. Selected best demonstrated practices in peritoneal dialysis access. Kidney Int Suppl, 2006(103): S27-S37.
15. Gadallah MF, Ramdeen G, Torres C, et al. Preoperative vancomycin prophylaxis for newly placed peritoneal dialysis catheters prevents postoperative peritonitis. Adv Perit Dial, 2000, 16: 199-203.
16. Wikdahl AM, Engman U, Stegmayr BG, et al. One-dose cefuroxime i. v. and i. p. reduces microbial growth in PD patients after catheter insertion. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 1997, 12(1): 157-160.
17. Lye WC, Lee EJ, Tan CC. Prophylactic antibiotics in the insertion of Tenckhoff catheters. Scand J Urol Nephrol, 1992, 26(2): 177-180.
18. Strippoli GF, Tong A, Johnson D, et al. Antimicrobial agents for preventing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2004(4): CD004679.
19. Öberg CM, Rippe B. Optimizing automated peritoneal dialysis using an extended 3-pore model. Kidney Int Rep, 2017, 2(5): 943-951.
20. Bai ZG, Yang K, Tian JH, et al. Bicarbonate versus lactate solutions for acute peritoneal dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2014(7): CD007034.
21. Santos CR, Branco PQ, Gaspar A, et al. Use of peritoneal dialysis after surgery for congenital heart disease in children. Perit Dial Int, 2012, 32(3): 273-279.
22. Ponce D, Caramori JT, Barretti P, et al. Peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: Brazilian experience. Perit Dial Int, 2012, 32(3): 242-246.
23. Ponce D, Berbel MN, Abrão JMG, et al. A randomized clinical trial of high volume peritoneal dialysis versus extended daily hemodialysis for acute kidney injury patients. Int Urol Nephrol, 2013, 45(3): 869-878.
24. Kilonzo KG, Ghosh S, Temu SA, et al. Outcome of acute peritoneal dialysis in northern Tanzania. Perit Dial Int, 2012, 32(3): 261-266.
25. Chitalia VC, Almeida AF, Rai H, et al. Is peritoneal dialysis adequate for hypercatabolic acute renal failure in developing countries?. Kidney Int, 2002, 61(2): 747-757.
26. Parapiboon W, Jamratpan T. Intensive versus minimal standard dosage for peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: a randomized pilot study. Perit Dial Int, 2017, 37(5): 523-528.
27. Bouman CS. Antimicrobial dosing strategies in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury and high-dose continuous veno-venous hemofiltration. Curr Opin Crit Care, 2008, 14(6): 654-659.
28. Li PK, Szeto CC, Piraino B, et al. ISPD peritonitis recommendations: 2016 update on prevention and treatment. Perit Dial Int, 2016, 36(5): 481-508.
29. Barretti P, Doles JV, Pinotti DG, et al. Efficacy of antibiotic therapy for peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis: a proportional meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis, 2014, 14: 445.
30. Diaz-Buxo JA, Crawford TL, Bailie GR. Peritonitis in automated peritoneal dialysis: antibiotic therapy and pharmacokinetics. Perit Dial Int, 2001, 21(Suppl 3): S197-S201.
31. Vijt D, Castro MJ, Endall G, et al. Post insertion catheter care in peritoneal dialysis (PD) centres across Europe-Part 2: complication rates and individual patient outcomes. EDTNA ERCA J, 2004, 30(2): 91-96.
32. Sahani MM, Mukhtar KN, Boorgu R, et al. Tissue plasminogen activator can effectively declot peritoneal dialysis catheters. Am J Kidney Dis, 2000, 36(3): 675.
33. Zorzanello MM, Fleming WJ, Prowant BE. Use of tissue plasminogen activator in peritoneal dialysis catheters: a literature review and one center’s experience. Nephrol Nurs J, 2004, 31(5): 534-537.
34. Herbrig K, Pistrosch F, Gross P, et al. Resumption of peritoneal dialysis after transcutaneous treatment of a peritoneal leakage using fibrin glue. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2006, 21(7): 2037-2038.
35. Sojo ET, Grosman MD, Monteverde ML, et al. Fibrin glue is useful in preventing early dialysate leakage in children on chronic peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int, 2004, 24(2): 186-190.
36. Rusthoven E, van de Kar NA, Monnens LA, et al. Fibrin glue used successfully in peritoneal dialysis catheter leakage in children. Perit Dial Int, 2004, 24(3): 287-289.
37. Blumenkrantz MJ, Gahl GM, Kopple JD, et al. Protein losses during peritoneal dialysis. Kidney Int, 1981, 19(4): 593-602.
38. Perl J, Huckvale K, Chellar M, et al. Peritoneal protein clearance and not peritoneal membrane transport status predicts survival in a contemporary cohort of peritoneal dialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 2009, 4(7): 1201-1206.
39. Ponce D, Berbel MN, Regina de Goes C, et al. High-volume peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: indications and limitations. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 2012, 7(6): 887-894.
40. Rhodes A, Evans LE, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016. Intensive Care Med, 2017, 43(3): 304-377.

West China Medical Journal

Interpretation of International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis guidelines for peritoneal dialysis in patients with acute kidney injury

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