Application progress and thinking of ChatGPT in medical domain_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

LI Peifang ,  CHEN Jiali ,  NING Ning , WANG Liqun , ZHANG Hanni

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University / Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

CHEN Jiali, Email: cjl85614115@163.com; NING Ning, Email: gkningning@126.com

Keywords：

ChatGPT; artificial intelligence; medical care

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202309179

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and natural language processing technologies, ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer) has been preliminarily applied in the medical domain. ChatGPT has the advantage of generating coherent and logically reasonable natural language based on big data, and some scholars have conducted preliminary discussions on its application and effectiveness in the medical domain. This article will summarize the application progress of ChatGPT in medical education, assisted clinical decision-making, and medical research based on the authors’ experience in applying ChatGPT, and look forward to its future development trends. At the same time, this article will also conduct an in-depth analysis of the challenges and limitations of ChatGPT in practical medical applications, laying the foundation for the standardized use of ChatGPT in the medical domain.

Citation： LI Peifang, CHEN Jiali, NING Ning, WANG Liqun, ZHANG Hanni. Application progress and thinking of ChatGPT in medical domain. West China Medical Journal, 2023, 38(10): 1456-1460. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202309179 Copy

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16.	Howard A, Hope W, Gerada A. ChatGPT and antimicrobial advice: the end of the consulting infection doctor?. Lancet Infect Dis, 2023, 23(4): 405-406.
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18.	Joly-Chevrier M, Nguyen AX, Lesko-Krleza M, et al. Performance of ChatGPT on a practice dermatology board certification examination. J Cutan Med Surg, 2023, 27(4): 407-409.
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24.	Zielinski C, Winker M, Aggarwal R, et al. Chatbots, ChatGPT, and scholarly manuscripts: WAME recommendations on ChatGPT and Chatbots in relation to scholarly publications. Natl Med J India, 2023, 36(1): 1-4.
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1. Brown C, Nazeer R, Gibbs A, et al. Breaking bias: the role of artificial intelligence in improving clinical decision-making. Cureus, 2023, 15(3): e36415.
2. Sallam M. ChatGPT utility in healthcare education, research, and practice: systematic review on the promising perspectives and valid concerns. Healthcare (Basel), 2023, 11(6): 887.
3. Khan RA, Jawaid M, Khan AR, et al. ChatGPT - reshaping medical education and clinical management. Pak J Med Sci, 2023, 39(2): 605-607.
4. 桑基韬, 于剑. 从 ChatGPT 看 AI 未来趋势和挑战. 计算机研究与发展, 2023, 60(6): 1191-1201.
5. Olah C, Carter S. Attention and augmented recurrent neural networks. Distill, 2016, 1(9): e1.
6. Vaswani A, Shazeer N, Parmar N, et al. Attention is all you need. New Mexico: arXiv, 2017.
7. Radford A, Narasimhan K, Salimans T, et al. Improving language understanding by generative pre-training. New Mexico: arXiv, 2020.
8. Brown TB, Mann B, Ryder N, et al. Language models are few-shot learners. New Mexico: arXiv, 2020.
9. Alfertshofer M, Hoch CC, Funk PF, et al. Sailing the seven seas: a multinational comparison of ChatGPT’s performance on medical licensing examinations. Ann Biomed Eng, 2023: 8.
10. Lewandowski M, Łukowicz P, Świetlik D, et al. An original study of ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 dermatological knowledge level based on the dermatology specialty certificate examinations. Clin Exp Dermatol, 2023, 4: llad255.
11. Wang H, Wu W, Dou Z, et al. Performance and exploration of ChatGPT in medical examination, records and education in Chinese: pave the way for medical AI. Int J Med Inform, 2023, 177: 105173.
12. Weng TL, Wang YM, Chang S, et al. ChatGPT failed Taiwan’s family medicine board exam. J Chin Med Assoc, 2023, 86(8): 762-766.
13. Yoshinari Júnior GH, Vitorino LM. How may ChatGPT impact medical teaching?. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992), 2023, 69(4): e20230282.
14. Chee J, Kwa ED, Goh X. “Vertigo, likely peripheral”: the dizzying rise of ChatGPT. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 2023, 280(10): 4687-4689.
15. Rao A, Pang M, Kim J, et al. Assessing the utility of ChatGPT throughout the entire clinical workflow: development and usability study. J Med Internet Res, 2023, 25: e48659.
16. Howard A, Hope W, Gerada A. ChatGPT and antimicrobial advice: the end of the consulting infection doctor?. Lancet Infect Dis, 2023, 23(4): 405-406.
17. Ruksakulpiwat S, Kumar A, Ajibade A. Using ChatGPT in medical research: current status and future directions. J Multidiscip Healthc, 2023, 16: 1513-1520.
18. Joly-Chevrier M, Nguyen AX, Lesko-Krleza M, et al. Performance of ChatGPT on a practice dermatology board certification examination. J Cutan Med Surg, 2023, 27(4): 407-409.
19. Branum C, Schiavenato M. Can ChatGPT accurately answer a PICOT question? Assessing AI response to a clinical question. Nurse Educ, 2023, 48(5): 231-233.
20. Nazario-Johnson L, Zaki HA, Tung GA. Use of large language models to predict neuroimaging. J Am Coll Radiol, 2023, 8: S1546-1440(23)00483-0.
21. Farhat F. ChatGPT as a complementary mental health resource: a boon or a bane. Ann Biomed Eng, 2023: 21.
22. Stokel-Walker C, Van Noorden R. What ChatGPT and generative AI mean for science. Nature, 2023, 614(7947): 214-216.
23. Gordijn B, Have HT. ChatGPT: evolution or revolution?. Med Health Care Philos, 2023, 26(1): 1-2.
24. Zielinski C, Winker M, Aggarwal R, et al. Chatbots, ChatGPT, and scholarly manuscripts: WAME recommendations on ChatGPT and Chatbots in relation to scholarly publications. Natl Med J India, 2023, 36(1): 1-4.
25. Liebrenz M, Schleifer R, Buadze A, et al. Generating scholarly content with ChatGPT: ethical challenges for medical publishing. Lancet Digit Health, 2023, 5(3): e105-e106.

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Application progress and thinking of ChatGPT in medical domain

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