Research progress overview and prospects of post-disaster psychological first aid training based on virtual simulation technology_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

WU Haokun ¹ , ZENG Yujiao ¹ ,  TIAN Yali ²

1. West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;
2. West China Hospital, Sichuan University / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

TIAN Yali, Email: tianyali@wchscu.cn

Keywords：

Psychological first aid; crisis intervention; virtual simulation; educational technology

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202404213

Video：

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With the post-disaster psychological crisis has aroused wide attention, psychological first aid which can relieve psychological trauma and prevent post-traumatic disorder has been valued by many countries. However, mainly domestic psychological first aid training is simply theoretical training while its popularizing rate is low, it is urgent to learn from international experience to carry out more effective psychological first aid training. In the context of combination of medicine and industry, the paper majorly embodied virtual simulation’s potential in improving psychological intervention ability, deep learning level and self-efficacy. Furthermore, the paper analyzed and illustrated theoretical basis and function module of constructing psychological first aid training platform in detail, and prospected further improvement, which laid foundations for follow-up studies.

1.	孙艳坤, 宫艺邈, 黄薛冰, 等. 重大自然灾害后心理危机干预体系建设探讨. 中国科学院院刊, 2023, 38(11): 1710-1717.
2.	Movahed M, Khaleghi-Nekou M, Alvani E, et al. The impact of psychological first aid training on the providers: a systematic review. Disaster Med Public Health Prep, 2022, 17: e120.
3.	Wang L, Norman I, Xiao T, et al. Psychological first aid training: a scoping review of its application, outcomes and implementation. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(9): 4594.
4.	王相兰, 陶炯, 温盛霖, 等. 汶川地震灾民的心理健康状况及影响因素. 中山大学学报(医学科学版), 2008(4): 367-371.
5.	Mitchell JT. Continuum of care for disasters and catastrophes. Int Rev Psychiatry, 2021, 33(8): 728-739.
6.	Tian Y, Wong TK, Li J, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder and its risk factors among adolescent survivors three years after an 8.0 magnitude earthquake in China. BMC Public Health, 2014, 14: 1073.
7.	Tian Y, Xi W, Jiang X, et al. Relationship of earthquake exposure, locus of control, coping strategy, and posttraumatic stress disorder among adolescent survivors. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv, 2022, 60(11): 41-47.
8.	Hacimusalar Y, Kahve AC, Yasar AB, et al. Anxiety and hopelessness levels in COVID-19 pandemic: a comparative study of healthcare professionals and other community sample in Turkey. J Psychiatr Res, 2020, 129: 181-188.
9.	World Health Organization. Psychological first aid: guide for field workers: WHO: Geneva, 2013.
10.	Everly GS Jr, Lating JM. Psychological first aid (PFA) and disasters. Int Rev Psychiatry, 2021, 33(8): 718-727.
11.	路欣, 肖珩. 心理危机干预的问题及对策. 中国应急管理, 2020(1): 22-23.
12.	Lee DJ, Schnitzlein CW, Wolf JP, et al. Psychotherapy versus pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: systemic review and meta-analyses to determine first-line treatments. Depress Anxiety, 2016, 33(9): 792-806.
13.	崔永华, 闫俊娟. 将儿童心理危机干预纳入灾难心理救援教学体系的意义和模式探讨. 继续医学教育, 2016, 30(11): 67-69.
14.	罗增让, 郭春涵. 灾难心理健康教育的创新方法——美国《心理急救现场操作指南》的解读与启示. 医学与哲学(A), 2015, 36(9): 58-60, 70.
15.	McCabe OL, Everly GS Jr, Brown LM, et al. Psychological first aid: a consensus-derived, empirically supported, competency-based training model. Am J Public Health, 2014, 104(4): 621-628.
16.	McCabe OL, Mosley AM, Gwon HS, et al. The tower of ivory meets the house of worship: psychological first aid training for the faith community. Int J Emerg Ment Health, 2007, 9(3): 171-180.
17.	McCabe OL, Perry C, Azur M, et al. Psychological first-aid training for paraprofessionals: a systems-based model for enhancing capacity of rural emergency responses. Prehosp Disaster Med, 2011, 26(4): 251-258.
18.	熊勇超, 张晓华, 赵建忠. 国内外公众红十字应急救护培训课程体系对比研究. 中国公共卫生管理, 2021, 37(4): 554-556, 559.
19.	Jorm AF, Kitchener BA. Noting a landmark achievement: mental health first aid training reaches 1% of Australian adults. Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 2011, 45(10): 808-813.
20.	刘捷. 医学生突发事件心理急救培训的效果研究. 太原: 山西医科大学, 2016.
21.	王秋晨. 需求导向的临床护士心理护理培训知识体系的构建. 上海: 海军军医大学, 2020.
22.	陈菲. 上海地区灾难医学知识水平和培训需求调查分析及培训方案探索. 上海: 第二军医大学, 2014.
23.	沈阳, 逯行, 曾海军. 虚拟现实: 教育技术发展的新篇章——访中国工程院院士赵沁平教授. 电化教育研究, 2020, 41(1): 5-9.
24.	Makransky G, Borre-Gude S, Mayer RE. Motivational and cognitive benefits of training in immersive virtual reality based on multiple assessments. J Comput Assist Learn, 2019, 35(6): 691-707.
25.	柴阳丽, 陈向东. 面向具身认知的学习环境研究综述. 电化教育研究, 2017, 38(9): 71-77,101.
26.	Aebersold M, Voepel-Lewis T, Cherara L, et al. Interactive anatomy-augmented virtual simulation training. Clin Simul Nurs, 2018, 15: 34-41.
27.	Bjerrum F, Strandbygaard J, Rosthøj S, et al. Evaluation of procedural simulation as a training and assessment tool in general surgery simulating a laparoscopic appendectomy. J Surg Educ, 2017, 74(2): 243-250.
28.	胡艺龄, 聂静, 张天琦, 等. 具身认知视域下 VR 技术赋能实验教学的效果探究. 现代远程教育研究, 2021, 33(5): 94-102.
29.	姜小鹰, 胡蓉芳, 颜艺鹭, 等. 分娩护理虚拟仿真实验项目的设计与应用. 中华护理教育, 2020, 17(3): 197-201.
30.	周倩倩, 朱爱勇, 曹文婷, 等. 虚拟仿真技术在助产专业教学中应用. 实验室研究与探索, 2021, 40(7): 237-240,257.
31.	王小洪, 吴洪海, 李斐, 等. 实体标本与虚拟仿真教学系统结合的教学方法在护理专业人体解剖学教学中的应用. 护理研究, 2022, 36(8): 1484-1486.
32.	张晗. 虚拟现实技术在医学教育中的应用研究. 济南: 山东师范大学, 2011.
33.	曾迎春, 吕启圆, 朱俊红, 等. 基于 VR 的老年癌症患者认知评估和沉浸式怀旧疗法康复系统的设计与应用探索. 中国护理管理, 2021, 21(2): 176-180.
34.	高云, 李晓华, 苏茜, 等. 护理本科生护理心理干预虚实结合实践教学的实施. 护理学杂志, 2023, 38(16): 87-91.
35.	Kang JY, Choi YJ. Effects of a psychological first aid simulated training for pregnant flood victims on disaster relief worker’s knowledge, competence, and self-efficacy. Appl Nurs Res, 2021, 57: 151348.
36.	Cheon H, Song JA, Kim J, et al. Virtual reality-based education program for managing behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: development and feasibility test. Comput Inform Nurs, 2024, 42(2): 118-126.
37.	Markowitz DM, Bailenson JN. Virtual reality and the psychology of climate change. Curr Opin Psychol, 2021, 42: 60-65.
38.	Gilmartin-Thomas JF, McNeil J, Powell A, et al. Qualitative evaluation of how a virtual dementia experience impacts medical and pharmacy students’ self-reported knowledge and attitudes towards people with dementia. Dementia (London), 2020, 19(2): 205-220.
39.	Fauville G, Voşki A, Mado M, et al. Underwater virtual reality for marine education and ocean literacy: technological and psychological potentials. Environ Educ Res, 2024: 1-25.
40.	Boydstun CD, Pandita S, Finkelstein-Fox L, et al. Harnessing virtual reality for disaster mental health: a systematic review. Transl Issues Psychol Sci, 2021, 7(3): 315-331.
41.	Freeman D, Reeve S, Robinson A, et al. Virtual reality in the assessment, understanding, and treatment of mental health disorders. Psychol Med, 2017, 47(14): 2393-2400.
42.	Corby S, Ash JS, Whittaker K, et al. Translating ethnographic data into knowledge, skills, and attitude statements for medical scribes: a modified Delphi approach. J Am Med Inform Assoc, 2022, 29(10): 1679-1687.
43.	Choi YJ, Jung HS, Choi EJ, et al. Disaster healthcare workers’ experience of using the psychological first aid mobile app during disaster simulation training. Disaster Med Public Health Prep, 2021, 17: e55.
44.	Lee J, Wu AS, Li D, et al. Artificial intelligence in undergraduate medical education: a scoping review. Acad Med, 2021, 96(11S): S62-S70.
45.	高阳, 赵沁平, 周学东, 等. 虚拟现实技术在新医科人才培养中的作用及应用现状. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2021, 52(2): 182-187.
46.	庞冰, 王秀红, 王芸芸, 等. 虚拟仿真实验教学评价的现状及对护理教育的启示. 中华护理教育, 2023, 20(2): 164-168.
47.	Alabdullah JH, Van Lunen BL, Claiborne DM, et al. Application of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model to predict dental students’ behavioral intention to use teledentistry. J Dent Educ, 2020, 84(11): 1262-1269.
48.	Uymaz P, Uymaz AO. Assessing acceptance of augmented reality in nursing education. PloS One, 2022, 17(2): e0263937.
49.	Lange AK, Koch J, Beck A, et al. Learning with virtual reality in nursing education: qualitative interview study among nursing students using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model. JMIR Nursing, 2020, 3(1): e20249.
50.	沈阳, 郝爱民, 孙尚宇, 等. 虚拟现实技术在医学教育中的场景应用研究——基于 79 篇实验研究论文的系统分析与元分析. 中国电化教育, 2020(8): 107-118.

1. 孙艳坤, 宫艺邈, 黄薛冰, 等. 重大自然灾害后心理危机干预体系建设探讨. 中国科学院院刊, 2023, 38(11): 1710-1717.
2. Movahed M, Khaleghi-Nekou M, Alvani E, et al. The impact of psychological first aid training on the providers: a systematic review. Disaster Med Public Health Prep, 2022, 17: e120.
3. Wang L, Norman I, Xiao T, et al. Psychological first aid training: a scoping review of its application, outcomes and implementation. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(9): 4594.
4. 王相兰, 陶炯, 温盛霖, 等. 汶川地震灾民的心理健康状况及影响因素. 中山大学学报(医学科学版), 2008(4): 367-371.
5. Mitchell JT. Continuum of care for disasters and catastrophes. Int Rev Psychiatry, 2021, 33(8): 728-739.
6. Tian Y, Wong TK, Li J, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder and its risk factors among adolescent survivors three years after an 8.0 magnitude earthquake in China. BMC Public Health, 2014, 14: 1073.
7. Tian Y, Xi W, Jiang X, et al. Relationship of earthquake exposure, locus of control, coping strategy, and posttraumatic stress disorder among adolescent survivors. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv, 2022, 60(11): 41-47.
8. Hacimusalar Y, Kahve AC, Yasar AB, et al. Anxiety and hopelessness levels in COVID-19 pandemic: a comparative study of healthcare professionals and other community sample in Turkey. J Psychiatr Res, 2020, 129: 181-188.
9. World Health Organization. Psychological first aid: guide for field workers: WHO: Geneva, 2013.
10. Everly GS Jr, Lating JM. Psychological first aid (PFA) and disasters. Int Rev Psychiatry, 2021, 33(8): 718-727.
11. 路欣, 肖珩. 心理危机干预的问题及对策. 中国应急管理, 2020(1): 22-23.
12. Lee DJ, Schnitzlein CW, Wolf JP, et al. Psychotherapy versus pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: systemic review and meta-analyses to determine first-line treatments. Depress Anxiety, 2016, 33(9): 792-806.
13. 崔永华, 闫俊娟. 将儿童心理危机干预纳入灾难心理救援教学体系的意义和模式探讨. 继续医学教育, 2016, 30(11): 67-69.
14. 罗增让, 郭春涵. 灾难心理健康教育的创新方法——美国《心理急救现场操作指南》的解读与启示. 医学与哲学(A), 2015, 36(9): 58-60, 70.
15. McCabe OL, Everly GS Jr, Brown LM, et al. Psychological first aid: a consensus-derived, empirically supported, competency-based training model. Am J Public Health, 2014, 104(4): 621-628.
16. McCabe OL, Mosley AM, Gwon HS, et al. The tower of ivory meets the house of worship: psychological first aid training for the faith community. Int J Emerg Ment Health, 2007, 9(3): 171-180.
17. McCabe OL, Perry C, Azur M, et al. Psychological first-aid training for paraprofessionals: a systems-based model for enhancing capacity of rural emergency responses. Prehosp Disaster Med, 2011, 26(4): 251-258.
18. 熊勇超, 张晓华, 赵建忠. 国内外公众红十字应急救护培训课程体系对比研究. 中国公共卫生管理, 2021, 37(4): 554-556, 559.
19. Jorm AF, Kitchener BA. Noting a landmark achievement: mental health first aid training reaches 1% of Australian adults. Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 2011, 45(10): 808-813.
20. 刘捷. 医学生突发事件心理急救培训的效果研究. 太原: 山西医科大学, 2016.
21. 王秋晨. 需求导向的临床护士心理护理培训知识体系的构建. 上海: 海军军医大学, 2020.
22. 陈菲. 上海地区灾难医学知识水平和培训需求调查分析及培训方案探索. 上海: 第二军医大学, 2014.
23. 沈阳, 逯行, 曾海军. 虚拟现实: 教育技术发展的新篇章——访中国工程院院士赵沁平教授. 电化教育研究, 2020, 41(1): 5-9.
24. Makransky G, Borre-Gude S, Mayer RE. Motivational and cognitive benefits of training in immersive virtual reality based on multiple assessments. J Comput Assist Learn, 2019, 35(6): 691-707.
25. 柴阳丽, 陈向东. 面向具身认知的学习环境研究综述. 电化教育研究, 2017, 38(9): 71-77,101.
26. Aebersold M, Voepel-Lewis T, Cherara L, et al. Interactive anatomy-augmented virtual simulation training. Clin Simul Nurs, 2018, 15: 34-41.
27. Bjerrum F, Strandbygaard J, Rosthøj S, et al. Evaluation of procedural simulation as a training and assessment tool in general surgery simulating a laparoscopic appendectomy. J Surg Educ, 2017, 74(2): 243-250.
28. 胡艺龄, 聂静, 张天琦, 等. 具身认知视域下 VR 技术赋能实验教学的效果探究. 现代远程教育研究, 2021, 33(5): 94-102.
29. 姜小鹰, 胡蓉芳, 颜艺鹭, 等. 分娩护理虚拟仿真实验项目的设计与应用. 中华护理教育, 2020, 17(3): 197-201.
30. 周倩倩, 朱爱勇, 曹文婷, 等. 虚拟仿真技术在助产专业教学中应用. 实验室研究与探索, 2021, 40(7): 237-240,257.
31. 王小洪, 吴洪海, 李斐, 等. 实体标本与虚拟仿真教学系统结合的教学方法在护理专业人体解剖学教学中的应用. 护理研究, 2022, 36(8): 1484-1486.
32. 张晗. 虚拟现实技术在医学教育中的应用研究. 济南: 山东师范大学, 2011.
33. 曾迎春, 吕启圆, 朱俊红, 等. 基于 VR 的老年癌症患者认知评估和沉浸式怀旧疗法康复系统的设计与应用探索. 中国护理管理, 2021, 21(2): 176-180.
34. 高云, 李晓华, 苏茜, 等. 护理本科生护理心理干预虚实结合实践教学的实施. 护理学杂志, 2023, 38(16): 87-91.
35. Kang JY, Choi YJ. Effects of a psychological first aid simulated training for pregnant flood victims on disaster relief worker’s knowledge, competence, and self-efficacy. Appl Nurs Res, 2021, 57: 151348.
36. Cheon H, Song JA, Kim J, et al. Virtual reality-based education program for managing behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: development and feasibility test. Comput Inform Nurs, 2024, 42(2): 118-126.
37. Markowitz DM, Bailenson JN. Virtual reality and the psychology of climate change. Curr Opin Psychol, 2021, 42: 60-65.
38. Gilmartin-Thomas JF, McNeil J, Powell A, et al. Qualitative evaluation of how a virtual dementia experience impacts medical and pharmacy students’ self-reported knowledge and attitudes towards people with dementia. Dementia (London), 2020, 19(2): 205-220.
39. Fauville G, Voşki A, Mado M, et al. Underwater virtual reality for marine education and ocean literacy: technological and psychological potentials. Environ Educ Res, 2024: 1-25.
40. Boydstun CD, Pandita S, Finkelstein-Fox L, et al. Harnessing virtual reality for disaster mental health: a systematic review. Transl Issues Psychol Sci, 2021, 7(3): 315-331.
41. Freeman D, Reeve S, Robinson A, et al. Virtual reality in the assessment, understanding, and treatment of mental health disorders. Psychol Med, 2017, 47(14): 2393-2400.
42. Corby S, Ash JS, Whittaker K, et al. Translating ethnographic data into knowledge, skills, and attitude statements for medical scribes: a modified Delphi approach. J Am Med Inform Assoc, 2022, 29(10): 1679-1687.
43. Choi YJ, Jung HS, Choi EJ, et al. Disaster healthcare workers’ experience of using the psychological first aid mobile app during disaster simulation training. Disaster Med Public Health Prep, 2021, 17: e55.
44. Lee J, Wu AS, Li D, et al. Artificial intelligence in undergraduate medical education: a scoping review. Acad Med, 2021, 96(11S): S62-S70.
45. 高阳, 赵沁平, 周学东, 等. 虚拟现实技术在新医科人才培养中的作用及应用现状. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2021, 52(2): 182-187.
46. 庞冰, 王秀红, 王芸芸, 等. 虚拟仿真实验教学评价的现状及对护理教育的启示. 中华护理教育, 2023, 20(2): 164-168.
47. Alabdullah JH, Van Lunen BL, Claiborne DM, et al. Application of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model to predict dental students’ behavioral intention to use teledentistry. J Dent Educ, 2020, 84(11): 1262-1269.
48. Uymaz P, Uymaz AO. Assessing acceptance of augmented reality in nursing education. PloS One, 2022, 17(2): e0263937.
49. Lange AK, Koch J, Beck A, et al. Learning with virtual reality in nursing education: qualitative interview study among nursing students using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model. JMIR Nursing, 2020, 3(1): e20249.
50. 沈阳, 郝爱民, 孙尚宇, 等. 虚拟现实技术在医学教育中的场景应用研究——基于 79 篇实验研究论文的系统分析与元分析. 中国电化教育, 2020(8): 107-118.

West China Medical Journal

Latest ArticlesResearch progress overview and prospects of post-disaster psychological first aid training based on virtual simulation technology

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