Research status of family resilience of caregiver_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

ZHANG Liang ¹ ,  ZHANG Hongbo ^1,2 , YAN Jiaqing ¹ , CHEN Ningning ³

1. Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China;
2. Department of Nursing, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 202150, P. R. China;
3. Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

ZHANG Hongbo, Email: zhanghongbo72@163.com

Keywords：

Family resilience; caregiver; theory; influencing factor; intervention project

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202503075

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Family resilience is an important ability for families to cope with stress and adversity. This article systematically sorts out the theoretical system and practical application of family resilience, focusing on the improvement path of family resilience for caregiver. It integrates domestic and foreign research results from the dimensions of theoretical connotation, influencing factors, and intervention projects. Based on the analysis of the systemic deficiencies and weak sustainability of existing intervention plans, this paper proposes a research outlook on the resilience of caregivers’ families in the future, which has important reference value for improving the research paradigm of family resilience.

1.	Walsh F. Family resilience: a developmental systems framework. Eur J Dev Psychol, 2016, 13(3): 313-324.
2.	褚晓妍. 中重度老年痴呆症患者家庭抗逆力现况及影响因素的研究. 北京: 中国医学科学院, 2022.
3.	Hriberšek M, Eibensteiner F, Bukowski N, et al. Research areas and trends in family-centered care in the 21st century: a bibliometric review. Front Med (Lausanne), 2024, 11: 1401577.
4.	Alqarawi N, Alhalal E. Factors affecting family-centered care practice by nurses: a systematic review. J Pediatr Nurs, 2024, 78: 158-171.
5.	McCubbin HI, McCubbin MA. Typologies of resilient families: emerging roles of social class and ethnicity. Fam Relat, 1988, 37: 247-254.
6.	Patterson JM. Promoting resilience in families experiencing stress. Pediatr Clin North Am, 1995, 42(1): 47-63.
7.	Walsh F. The concept of family resilience: crisis and challenge. Fam Process, 1996, 35(3): 261-281.
8.	姚进忠, 邱思宇. 家庭抗逆力: 理论分辨、实践演变与现实镜鉴. 人文杂志, 2018(11): 116-128.
9.	Abulaiti B, Zhang X, Guan T, et al. The dyadic care experiences of elderly individuals with disabilities and caregivers in the home setting from the perspective of family resilience: a qualitative study. Front Psychiatry, 2022, 13: 963101.
10.	Hill R. Families under stress. New York: Harper & Row, 1949.
11.	Flynn A, Whittaker K, Donne AJ, et al. Feeling stretched: parents’ narratives about challenges to resilience when their child has a tracheostomy. J Child Health Care, 2024, 28(4): 815-828.
12.	McCubbin HI, Patterson JM. The family stress process. Marriage Fam Rev, 1983, 6(1/2): 7-37.
13.	李崇新, 汪菊芬. 西方家庭抗逆力理论: 内涵、模型与实务应用. 人口与社会, 2018, 34(2): 88-100.
14.	Patterson JM. Families experiencing stress: I. The family adjustment and adaptation response model, II. Applyingl the FAAR model to health related issues for intervention and research. Fam Syst Med, 1988(6): 202-237.
15.	Yuan L, Du Y, Gao Y, et al. The role of parenting stress and perceived social support in affecting family function among families of patients with cleft lip and/or palate: a path analysis based on the family adjustment and adaptation response model. BMC Oral Health, 2025, 25(1): 454.
16.	Mccubbin MA , Mccubbin HI. Families coping with illness: the resiliency model of family stress, adjustment, and adaptation. St Louis: Mosby, 1993.
17.	McCubbin LD, McCubbin HI. Resilience in ethnic family systems: a relational theory for research and practice. New York: Springer, 2013.
18.	Faccio F, Gandini S, Renzi C, et al. Development and validation of the Family Resilience (FaRE) Questionnaire: an observational study in Italy. BMJ Open, 2019, 9(6): e024670.
19.	安叶青, 七十三, 曾小叶, 等. 家庭抗逆力理论在风险应对领域的应用: 演变、价值及挑战. 心理科学进展, 2023, 31(3): 428-442.
20.	Walsh F. Family resilience: a framework for clinical practice. Fam Process, 2003, 42(1): 1-18.
21.	Zhang Y, Huang C, Yang M. Family resilience progress from the perspective of parents of adolescents with depression: an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2023, 20(3): 2564.
22.	Henry CS, Sheffield Morris A, Harrist AW. Family resilience: moving into the third wave. Fam Relat, 2015, 64(1): 22-43.
23.	谈天, 吴倩, 戴桥英, 等. 先天性巨结肠患儿家庭抗逆力现状及影响因素分析. 临床护理杂志, 2022, 21(1): 29-32.
24.	蔡芬, 李利, 杜娟, 等. 中青年脑卒中病人家庭抗逆力现状及其影响因素. 护理研究, 2021, 35(3): 538-541.
25.	Fitryasari R, Yusuf A, Nursalam, et al. Family members’ perspective of family resilience’s risk factors in taking care of schizophrenia patients. Int J Nurs Sci, 2018, 5(3): 255-261.
26.	杨孟丽, 张爽, 叶松岩, 等. 痴呆患者家庭抗逆力现状及影响因素分析. 中国实用神经疾病杂志, 2023, 26(8): 1026-1031.
27.	欧阳雅琦, 谢鑑辉, 梅海波, 等. 364 例先天性胫骨假关节患儿照顾者家庭抗逆力现状及影响因素分析. 护理学报, 2021, 28(5): 1-5.
28.	刘丹, 毛渤淳, 雒如燕, 等. 唇腭裂患者家庭抗逆力及其影响因素. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2019, 46(3): 297-301.
29.	Peng Y, Wang J, Sun G, et al. Family hardiness in patients with heart failure: exploring protective factors and identifying the mediator. Psychol Res Behav Manag, 2021, 14: 355-364.
30.	李云龙, 刘梅娟, 王一凡, 等. 系统性红斑狼疮患者家庭抗逆力现状、影响因素及其对策. 现代临床护理, 2023, 22(8): 12-18.
31.	Karabulutlu EY, Turan GB, Yanmış S. Evaluation of care burden and preparedness of caregivers who provide care to palliative care patients. Palliat Support Care, 2022, 20(1): 30-37.
32.	周振峰, 姜文彬, 刘美艳, 等. 脑卒中患者中青年照顾者家庭抗逆力现状及影响因素分析. 护理与康复, 2023, 22(10): 15-20.
33.	Dionne-Odom JN, Azuero A, Taylor RA, et al. Resilience, preparedness, and distress among family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. Support Care Cancer, 2021, 29(11): 6913-6920.
34.	李葵南, 刘婷, 王欣, 等. 慢性肾脏病患儿家庭抗逆力现况及影响因素调查. 护理学杂志, 2021, 36(17): 29-32.
35.	叶明明. 首发脑卒中家庭抗逆力变化轨迹的研究. 上海: 中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 2021.
36.	Cui P, Shi J, Li S, et al. Family resilience and its influencing factors among advanced cancer patients and their family caregivers: a multilevel modeling analysis. BMC Cancer, 2023, 23(1): 623.
37.	Dong C, Wu Q, Pan Y, et al. Family resilience and its association with psychosocial adjustment of children with chronic illness: a latent profile analysis. J Pediatr Nurs, 2021, 60: e6-e12.
38.	Xie JH, Mei HB, Ouyang YQ, et al. Analysis of influencing factors of family resilience in children with congenital tibial pseudoarthrosis. Risk Manag Healthc Policy, 2022, 15: 331-337.
39.	曾莹, 欧建君, 杨佳欣, 等. 孤独症谱系障碍儿童家庭复原力现状及影响因素分析. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2019, 27(6): 1271-1274.
40.	Zhang Y, Ding Y, Liu C, et al. Relationships among perceived social support, family resilience, and caregiver burden in lung cancer families: a mediating model. Semin Oncol Nurs, 2023, 39(3): 151356.
41.	叶明明, 周兰姝, 张薇. 患者家庭抗逆力影响因素的研究进展. 中国护理管理, 2021, 21(9): 1423-1427.
42.	Tao L, Hu X, Chen H, et al. Factors influencing the burden on spousal caregivers of breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer, 2022, 30(9): 7789-7799.
43.	Li Y, Hu L, Mao X, et al. Health literacy, social support, and care ability for caregivers of dementia patients: structural equation modeling. Geriatr Nurs, 2020, 41(5): 600-607.
44.	Ren L, Wang Y, Jiang H, et al. Development of a theory-based family resilience intervention program for parents of children with chronic diseases: a Delphi study. J Pediatr Nurs, 2024, 74: 41-50.
45.	周振峰, 刘美艳, 姜文彬, 等. 首发脑卒中患者照顾者家庭抗逆力干预方案的构建及应用. 护理学杂志, 2023, 38(24): 5-10.
46.	胡劼峥, 刘晨欢, 文晓燕. 基于 McCubbin 家庭抗逆力模型的积极家庭心理干预在膀胱癌患者中的应用. 医学信息, 2024, 37(20): 62-66, 83.
47.	Hamall KM, Heard TR, Inder KJ, et al. The Child Illness and Resilience Program (CHiRP): a study protocol of a stepped care intervention to improve the resilience and wellbeing of families living with childhood chronic illness. BMC Psychol, 2014, 2(1): 5.
48.	姚璐璐, 李刚飞, 谢永红, 等. 微信 AI+IMB 智慧方案对先天性胫骨假关节患儿家庭抗逆力的效果观察. 全科护理, 2024, 22(14): 2645-2648.
49.	李洁, 许静, 胡素云, 等. 团体辅导联合健康宣教对白血病患儿家庭复原力的影响. 当代护士(上旬刊), 2021, 28(9): 144-146.
50.	Han J, Guo G, Hong L. Impact of professionally facilitated peer support for family carers of people with dementia in a WeChat virtual community. J Telemed Telecare, 2022, 28(1): 68-76.
51.	李珺毅, 赵彬. 社会工作介入白血病患儿家庭抗逆力提升的路径研究. 产业与科技论坛, 2025, 24(2): 210-213.
52.	Morales-Rodríguez FM, Martínez-Ramón JP, Méndez I, et al. Stress, coping, and resilience before and after COVID-19: a predictive model based on artificial intelligence in the university environment. Front Psychol, 2021, 12: 647964.

1. Walsh F. Family resilience: a developmental systems framework. Eur J Dev Psychol, 2016, 13(3): 313-324.
2. 褚晓妍. 中重度老年痴呆症患者家庭抗逆力现况及影响因素的研究. 北京: 中国医学科学院, 2022.
3. Hriberšek M, Eibensteiner F, Bukowski N, et al. Research areas and trends in family-centered care in the 21st century: a bibliometric review. Front Med (Lausanne), 2024, 11: 1401577.
4. Alqarawi N, Alhalal E. Factors affecting family-centered care practice by nurses: a systematic review. J Pediatr Nurs, 2024, 78: 158-171.
5. McCubbin HI, McCubbin MA. Typologies of resilient families: emerging roles of social class and ethnicity. Fam Relat, 1988, 37: 247-254.
6. Patterson JM. Promoting resilience in families experiencing stress. Pediatr Clin North Am, 1995, 42(1): 47-63.
7. Walsh F. The concept of family resilience: crisis and challenge. Fam Process, 1996, 35(3): 261-281.
8. 姚进忠, 邱思宇. 家庭抗逆力: 理论分辨、实践演变与现实镜鉴. 人文杂志, 2018(11): 116-128.
9. Abulaiti B, Zhang X, Guan T, et al. The dyadic care experiences of elderly individuals with disabilities and caregivers in the home setting from the perspective of family resilience: a qualitative study. Front Psychiatry, 2022, 13: 963101.
10. Hill R. Families under stress. New York: Harper & Row, 1949.
11. Flynn A, Whittaker K, Donne AJ, et al. Feeling stretched: parents’ narratives about challenges to resilience when their child has a tracheostomy. J Child Health Care, 2024, 28(4): 815-828.
12. McCubbin HI, Patterson JM. The family stress process. Marriage Fam Rev, 1983, 6(1/2): 7-37.
13. 李崇新, 汪菊芬. 西方家庭抗逆力理论: 内涵、模型与实务应用. 人口与社会, 2018, 34(2): 88-100.
14. Patterson JM. Families experiencing stress: I. The family adjustment and adaptation response model, II. Applyingl the FAAR model to health related issues for intervention and research. Fam Syst Med, 1988(6): 202-237.
15. Yuan L, Du Y, Gao Y, et al. The role of parenting stress and perceived social support in affecting family function among families of patients with cleft lip and/or palate: a path analysis based on the family adjustment and adaptation response model. BMC Oral Health, 2025, 25(1): 454.
16. Mccubbin MA , Mccubbin HI. Families coping with illness: the resiliency model of family stress, adjustment, and adaptation. St Louis: Mosby, 1993.
17. McCubbin LD, McCubbin HI. Resilience in ethnic family systems: a relational theory for research and practice. New York: Springer, 2013.
18. Faccio F, Gandini S, Renzi C, et al. Development and validation of the Family Resilience (FaRE) Questionnaire: an observational study in Italy. BMJ Open, 2019, 9(6): e024670.
19. 安叶青, 七十三, 曾小叶, 等. 家庭抗逆力理论在风险应对领域的应用: 演变、价值及挑战. 心理科学进展, 2023, 31(3): 428-442.
20. Walsh F. Family resilience: a framework for clinical practice. Fam Process, 2003, 42(1): 1-18.
21. Zhang Y, Huang C, Yang M. Family resilience progress from the perspective of parents of adolescents with depression: an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2023, 20(3): 2564.
22. Henry CS, Sheffield Morris A, Harrist AW. Family resilience: moving into the third wave. Fam Relat, 2015, 64(1): 22-43.
23. 谈天, 吴倩, 戴桥英, 等. 先天性巨结肠患儿家庭抗逆力现状及影响因素分析. 临床护理杂志, 2022, 21(1): 29-32.
24. 蔡芬, 李利, 杜娟, 等. 中青年脑卒中病人家庭抗逆力现状及其影响因素. 护理研究, 2021, 35(3): 538-541.
25. Fitryasari R, Yusuf A, Nursalam, et al. Family members’ perspective of family resilience’s risk factors in taking care of schizophrenia patients. Int J Nurs Sci, 2018, 5(3): 255-261.
26. 杨孟丽, 张爽, 叶松岩, 等. 痴呆患者家庭抗逆力现状及影响因素分析. 中国实用神经疾病杂志, 2023, 26(8): 1026-1031.
27. 欧阳雅琦, 谢鑑辉, 梅海波, 等. 364 例先天性胫骨假关节患儿照顾者家庭抗逆力现状及影响因素分析. 护理学报, 2021, 28(5): 1-5.
28. 刘丹, 毛渤淳, 雒如燕, 等. 唇腭裂患者家庭抗逆力及其影响因素. 国际口腔医学杂志, 2019, 46(3): 297-301.
29. Peng Y, Wang J, Sun G, et al. Family hardiness in patients with heart failure: exploring protective factors and identifying the mediator. Psychol Res Behav Manag, 2021, 14: 355-364.
30. 李云龙, 刘梅娟, 王一凡, 等. 系统性红斑狼疮患者家庭抗逆力现状、影响因素及其对策. 现代临床护理, 2023, 22(8): 12-18.
31. Karabulutlu EY, Turan GB, Yanmış S. Evaluation of care burden and preparedness of caregivers who provide care to palliative care patients. Palliat Support Care, 2022, 20(1): 30-37.
32. 周振峰, 姜文彬, 刘美艳, 等. 脑卒中患者中青年照顾者家庭抗逆力现状及影响因素分析. 护理与康复, 2023, 22(10): 15-20.
33. Dionne-Odom JN, Azuero A, Taylor RA, et al. Resilience, preparedness, and distress among family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. Support Care Cancer, 2021, 29(11): 6913-6920.
34. 李葵南, 刘婷, 王欣, 等. 慢性肾脏病患儿家庭抗逆力现况及影响因素调查. 护理学杂志, 2021, 36(17): 29-32.
35. 叶明明. 首发脑卒中家庭抗逆力变化轨迹的研究. 上海: 中国人民解放军海军军医大学, 2021.
36. Cui P, Shi J, Li S, et al. Family resilience and its influencing factors among advanced cancer patients and their family caregivers: a multilevel modeling analysis. BMC Cancer, 2023, 23(1): 623.
37. Dong C, Wu Q, Pan Y, et al. Family resilience and its association with psychosocial adjustment of children with chronic illness: a latent profile analysis. J Pediatr Nurs, 2021, 60: e6-e12.
38. Xie JH, Mei HB, Ouyang YQ, et al. Analysis of influencing factors of family resilience in children with congenital tibial pseudoarthrosis. Risk Manag Healthc Policy, 2022, 15: 331-337.
39. 曾莹, 欧建君, 杨佳欣, 等. 孤独症谱系障碍儿童家庭复原力现状及影响因素分析. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2019, 27(6): 1271-1274.
40. Zhang Y, Ding Y, Liu C, et al. Relationships among perceived social support, family resilience, and caregiver burden in lung cancer families: a mediating model. Semin Oncol Nurs, 2023, 39(3): 151356.
41. 叶明明, 周兰姝, 张薇. 患者家庭抗逆力影响因素的研究进展. 中国护理管理, 2021, 21(9): 1423-1427.
42. Tao L, Hu X, Chen H, et al. Factors influencing the burden on spousal caregivers of breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer, 2022, 30(9): 7789-7799.
43. Li Y, Hu L, Mao X, et al. Health literacy, social support, and care ability for caregivers of dementia patients: structural equation modeling. Geriatr Nurs, 2020, 41(5): 600-607.
44. Ren L, Wang Y, Jiang H, et al. Development of a theory-based family resilience intervention program for parents of children with chronic diseases: a Delphi study. J Pediatr Nurs, 2024, 74: 41-50.
45. 周振峰, 刘美艳, 姜文彬, 等. 首发脑卒中患者照顾者家庭抗逆力干预方案的构建及应用. 护理学杂志, 2023, 38(24): 5-10.
46. 胡劼峥, 刘晨欢, 文晓燕. 基于 McCubbin 家庭抗逆力模型的积极家庭心理干预在膀胱癌患者中的应用. 医学信息, 2024, 37(20): 62-66, 83.
47. Hamall KM, Heard TR, Inder KJ, et al. The Child Illness and Resilience Program (CHiRP): a study protocol of a stepped care intervention to improve the resilience and wellbeing of families living with childhood chronic illness. BMC Psychol, 2014, 2(1): 5.
48. 姚璐璐, 李刚飞, 谢永红, 等. 微信 AI+IMB 智慧方案对先天性胫骨假关节患儿家庭抗逆力的效果观察. 全科护理, 2024, 22(14): 2645-2648.
49. 李洁, 许静, 胡素云, 等. 团体辅导联合健康宣教对白血病患儿家庭复原力的影响. 当代护士(上旬刊), 2021, 28(9): 144-146.
50. Han J, Guo G, Hong L. Impact of professionally facilitated peer support for family carers of people with dementia in a WeChat virtual community. J Telemed Telecare, 2022, 28(1): 68-76.
51. 李珺毅, 赵彬. 社会工作介入白血病患儿家庭抗逆力提升的路径研究. 产业与科技论坛, 2025, 24(2): 210-213.
52. Morales-Rodríguez FM, Martínez-Ramón JP, Méndez I, et al. Stress, coping, and resilience before and after COVID-19: a predictive model based on artificial intelligence in the university environment. Front Psychol, 2021, 12: 647964.

West China Medical Journal

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