INFLUENCE AND ROLE OF EXPRESSION OF EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE INDUCER AND MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 9 IN ASEPTIC LOOSENING OF PROSTHESIS_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

QI Qihua ¹ , DAI Min ² , DONG Xieping ¹

1No.2 Department of Orthopaedics, Jiangxi People’s Hospital, Nanchang Jiangxi, 330006, P.R.China;;
2Department of Orthopaedics, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Corresponding author: DAI Min, E-mail: daimin@medmail.com;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Osteolysis; Aseptic loosening of prosthesis; Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer; Matrix metalloproteinase 9

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.20130258

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Objective To observe the expressions of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) around the prosthesis, and to study the relationship between the expressions of EMMPRIN and MMP-9 and osteolysis around prosthesis. Methods Interface tissues were obtained at three Delee-Charnley acetabular sections and seven Gruen femur sections from 8 cases (8 hips) undergoing revision after total hip arthroplasty between February 2010 and January 2012, and were divided into osteolysis group and non-osteolysis group based on preoperative X-ray film and intraoperative observation; the tissues from another 8 patients with osteoarthritis undergoing total hip arthroplasty as the control group. The immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR assays were used to determine the expressions of EMMPRIN and MMP- 9. The correlation between the positive cells and the severity of osteolysis were analyzed and compared. Results Histological examination showed that many macrophages, multinucleated giant cells assembled in the membrane of osteolysis zone, but many fibroblasts and synovial cells in non-osteolysis zones. EMMPRIN and MMP- 9 positive cells and gene expressions were observed in every group. The percentage of positive cells and gene expression of EMMPRIN and MMP-9 in osteolysis group were significantly higher than those in non-osteolysis and control groups (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference was found between non-osteolysis group and control group (P gt; 0.05). The percentage of positive cells of EMMPRIN in zone III of acetabular was higher than that in zone I and zone II of revision hip (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference between zone I and zone II (P gt; 0.05). The percentage of positive cells of MMP-9 in zone I and zone III was significantly higher than that in zone II of revision hip (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference between zone I and zone III (P gt; 0.05). The expression of EMMPRIN from high to low in order was zones 1, 7, 4, 2, 3, 5, and 6 at femur; the values of zones 1, 7, and 4 were significantly higher than those of zones 2, 3, 5, and 6 (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference among zones 1, 7, and 4, and among zones 2, 3, 5, and 6 (P gt; 0.05). The expression of MMP-9 from high to low in order was zones 1, 7, 4, 2, 3, 6, and 5 at femur; the values of zones 1 and 7 were significantly higher than those of zones 4, 2, 3, 6, and 5 (P lt; 0.05), and the values of zones 4 and 2 were significantly higher than those of zones 3, 6, and 5 (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference between zone 1 and zone 7, between zone 4 and zone 2, and among zones 3, 5, and 6 (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion The expressions of EMMPRIN and MMP-9 have certain coherence. The over-expressions of EMMPRIN and MMP-9 may be one of the key points of inhibiting bone reconstruction and bone resorption at bone-implant interface under the stimulation of wear debris．

Citation： QI Qihua,DAI Min,DONG Xieping. INFLUENCE AND ROLE OF EXPRESSION OF EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE INDUCER AND MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 9 IN ASEPTIC LOOSENING OF PROSTHESIS. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2013, 27(10): 1175-1180. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.20130258 Copy

1.	Madathil BK, Lin Q, Hew CL, et al. Hypoxia-like effect of cobalt chromium alloy micro particles on fibroblasts in vitro. J Orthop Res, 2010, 28(10): 1360-1367.
2.	Zhang W, Zhao H, Peng X, et al. Low-dose captopril inhibits wear debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis. J Int Med Res, 2011, 12(3): 798-804.
3.	漆启华, 戴闽, 范红先, 等. 姜黄素抑制聚乙烯磨损颗粒诱导MMP-2和MMP-9表达及机制的研究. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2009, 23(6): 677-682.
4.	De Jong PT, Tigchelaar W, Van Noorden CJ, et al. Polyethylenewear particles do not induce inflammation or gelatinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity in fibrous tissue interfaces of loosening totalhip arthroplasties. Acta Histochem, 2011, 113(5): 556-563.
5.	Liang L, Major T, Bocan T. Characterization of the promoter of human extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN). Gene, 2002, 282(1-2): 75-86．.
6.	戴闽, 聂涛, 宗世璋. 镁硅玉髋关节假体周围严重骨缺损的修复与重建. 中国矫形外科杂志, 2005, 13(17): 1295-1297.
7.	孙燕萍, 杜湘珂, 陈雷, 等. 人工髋关节置换术后常见并发症的X线表现. 中华放射学杂志, 2003, 37(4): 352-355.
8.	Gruen TA, McNiece GM, Amstutz HC. “Modes of failure” of cemented stem-type femoral components: a radiographic analysis of loosening. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1979, (141): 17-27.
9.	Delee JG, Charnley J. Radiological demarcation of cemented sockets in total hip replacement. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1976, (121): 20-32.
10.	赵松, 程涛, 彭晓春, 等. NF-κB受体激活因子配体抗体防治人工关节无菌性松动的实验研究. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2011, 25(6): 656-660.
11.	李明清, 胡懿郃, 李康华, 等. 保留股骨颈型人工全髋关节置换的中期疗效. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2012, 26(8): 897-901.
12.	Agrawal SM, Williamson J, Sharma R, et al. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer shows active perivascular cuffs in multiple sclerosis. Brain, 2013, 136(Pt 6): 1760-1777.
13.	Qian Y, Huang HZ. The role of RANKL and MMP-9 in the bone resorption caused by ameloblastoma. J Oral Pathol Med, 2010, 39(8): 592-598.
14.	Chiou WF, Liao JF, Huang CY, et al. 2-Methoxystypandrone represses RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis by down-regulatingformation of TRAF6-TAK1 signalling complexes. Br J Pharmacol, 2010, 161(2): 321-335.
15.	金群华, 吕厚山, 陈占昆, 等. 金属蛋白酶诱导因子表达增加在人工关节无菌性松动中的作用及意义. 中华外科杂志, 2004, 42(20): 1232-1235.
16.	Takagi M, Santavirta S, Ida H, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase in loose artificial hip joints. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1998, (352): 35-45.
17.	Franco GC, Kajiya M, Nakanishi T, et al. Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity by doxycycline ameliorates RANK ligand-induced osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Exp Cell Res, 2011, 347(10): 1454-1464.
18.	Bian Q, Wang YJ, Liu SF, et al. Osteoarthritis: genetic factors, animal models, mechanisms, and therapies. Front Biosci (Elite Ed), 2012, 4: 74-100.
19.	Heissig B, Nishida C, Tashiro Y, et al. Role of neutrophil-derived matrix metalloproteinase-9 in tissue regeneration. Histol Histopathol, 2010, 25(6): 765-770.
20.	程涛, 戴闽, 郝亮, 等. 镁硅玉人工髋关节假体周围骨溶解与诱导型一氧化氮合酶、过氧亚硝基阴离子的关系. 中国矫形外科杂志, 2006, 14(22): 1733-1736.

1. Madathil BK, Lin Q, Hew CL, et al. Hypoxia-like effect of cobalt chromium alloy micro particles on fibroblasts in vitro. J Orthop Res, 2010, 28(10): 1360-1367.
2. Zhang W, Zhao H, Peng X, et al. Low-dose captopril inhibits wear debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis. J Int Med Res, 2011, 12(3): 798-804.
3. 漆启华, 戴闽, 范红先, 等. 姜黄素抑制聚乙烯磨损颗粒诱导MMP-2和MMP-9表达及机制的研究. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2009, 23(6): 677-682.
4. De Jong PT, Tigchelaar W, Van Noorden CJ, et al. Polyethylenewear particles do not induce inflammation or gelatinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity in fibrous tissue interfaces of loosening totalhip arthroplasties. Acta Histochem, 2011, 113(5): 556-563.
5. Liang L, Major T, Bocan T. Characterization of the promoter of human extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN). Gene, 2002, 282(1-2): 75-86．.
6. 戴闽, 聂涛, 宗世璋. 镁硅玉髋关节假体周围严重骨缺损的修复与重建. 中国矫形外科杂志, 2005, 13(17): 1295-1297.
7. 孙燕萍, 杜湘珂, 陈雷, 等. 人工髋关节置换术后常见并发症的X线表现. 中华放射学杂志, 2003, 37(4): 352-355.
8. Gruen TA, McNiece GM, Amstutz HC. “Modes of failure” of cemented stem-type femoral components: a radiographic analysis of loosening. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1979, (141): 17-27.
9. Delee JG, Charnley J. Radiological demarcation of cemented sockets in total hip replacement. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1976, (121): 20-32.
10. 赵松, 程涛, 彭晓春, 等. NF-κB受体激活因子配体抗体防治人工关节无菌性松动的实验研究. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2011, 25(6): 656-660.
11. 李明清, 胡懿郃, 李康华, 等. 保留股骨颈型人工全髋关节置换的中期疗效. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2012, 26(8): 897-901.
12. Agrawal SM, Williamson J, Sharma R, et al. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer shows active perivascular cuffs in multiple sclerosis. Brain, 2013, 136(Pt 6): 1760-1777.
13. Qian Y, Huang HZ. The role of RANKL and MMP-9 in the bone resorption caused by ameloblastoma. J Oral Pathol Med, 2010, 39(8): 592-598.
14. Chiou WF, Liao JF, Huang CY, et al. 2-Methoxystypandrone represses RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis by down-regulatingformation of TRAF6-TAK1 signalling complexes. Br J Pharmacol, 2010, 161(2): 321-335.
15. 金群华, 吕厚山, 陈占昆, 等. 金属蛋白酶诱导因子表达增加在人工关节无菌性松动中的作用及意义. 中华外科杂志, 2004, 42(20): 1232-1235.
16. Takagi M, Santavirta S, Ida H, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase in loose artificial hip joints. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1998, (352): 35-45.
17. Franco GC, Kajiya M, Nakanishi T, et al. Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity by doxycycline ameliorates RANK ligand-induced osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Exp Cell Res, 2011, 347(10): 1454-1464.
18. Bian Q, Wang YJ, Liu SF, et al. Osteoarthritis: genetic factors, animal models, mechanisms, and therapies. Front Biosci (Elite Ed), 2012, 4: 74-100.
19. Heissig B, Nishida C, Tashiro Y, et al. Role of neutrophil-derived matrix metalloproteinase-9 in tissue regeneration. Histol Histopathol, 2010, 25(6): 765-770.
20. 程涛, 戴闽, 郝亮, 等. 镁硅玉人工髋关节假体周围骨溶解与诱导型一氧化氮合酶、过氧亚硝基阴离子的关系. 中国矫形外科杂志, 2006, 14(22): 1733-1736.

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INFLUENCE AND ROLE OF EXPRESSION OF EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE INDUCER AND MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 9 IN ASEPTIC LOOSENING OF PROSTHESIS

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