Clinical research of sideburn reconstruction with expanded island scalp flap based on parietal branch of superficial temporal vessel_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

LIU Longcan ,  LIU Yuanbo , ZANG Mengqing , ZHU Shan , CHEN Bo , LI Shanshan

No.11 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical School, Beijing, 100144, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

LIU Yuanbo, Email: ybpumc@sina.com

Keywords：

Sideburn reconstruction; expanded flap; superficial temporal vessel; island scalp flap; parietal branch

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.201706019

Video：

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Objective To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of sideburn reconstruction using the expanded island scalp flap based on the parietal branch of the superficial temporal vessel. Methods Between February 2012 and April 2015, 7 patients underwent sideburn reconstruction. There were 3 males and 4 females with an average age of 15 years (range, 4-44 years). The etiologies included burn injury in 3 cases, trauma in 1 case, radiation therapy in 1 case, and congenital melanocytic nevus in 2 cases. The size of the sideburn defects ranged from 5.0 cm×3.5 cm to 16.0 cm×10.0 cm. At the first-stage, according to the sideburn defect, a tissue expander of the appropriate size was inserted beneath the superficial temporal fascia which containing the parietal branch of the superficial temporal vessel. Postoperatively, regular saline injection was commenced. After 3-6 months of the first-stage surgery, the expander was adequately inflated. While the second-stage surgery was performed, the lesion was excised and the tissue expander removed. The expanded island scalp flap based on the parietal branch of the superficial temporal vessel was harvested and advanced towards the defect of the sideburn according to the contralateral normal one, and the size of flap ranged from 8 cm×3 cm to 17 cm×11 cm. The donor site was closed primarily. Results All flaps survived and the wound and donor sites were healed primarily without any complication. All patients were followed up 1-36 months (mean, 9.8 months). The profile, hair density, and hair direction of the new sideburn were similar to the contralateral sideburn. In 1 patient, the reconstructed sideburn was a little larger than the contralateral normal one. After laser hair removal, the patient was satisfied with the appearance. Conclusion The expanded island scalp flap based on the parietal branch of the superficial temporal vessel provides an effective option for the sideburn reconstruction, which presents with the similar appearance to the contralateral one.

Citation： LIU Longcan, LIU Yuanbo, ZANG Mengqing, ZHU Shan, CHEN Bo, LI Shanshan. Clinical research of sideburn reconstruction with expanded island scalp flap based on parietal branch of superficial temporal vessel. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2017, 31(11): 1358-1362. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.201706019 Copy

1.	Kasai K, Ogawa Y, Takeuchi E. A case of sideburn reconstruction using a temporoparieto-occipital island flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1991, 87(1): 146-149.
2.	Fan J, Yang P. Aesthetic reconstruction of burn alopecia by using expanded hair-bearing scalp flaps. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 1997, 21(6): 440-444.
3.	胡守舵, 张海明, 冯越蹇, 等. 扩张皮瓣修复鬓角缺损. 组织工程与重建外科杂志, 2006, 2(5): 277-279.
4.	Giraldo F, Gonzalez C, Garnica I, et al. Sideburn reconstruction with an expanded supraauricular trapezoidal flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1997, 100(1): 257-261.
5.	Juri J, Juri C, de Antueno J. Reconstruction of the sideburn for alopecia after rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1976, 57(3): 304-307.
6.	张林, 宁金龙, 李小静, 等. 鬓角区瘢痕性秃发修复方法的探讨. 整形再造外科杂志, 2004, 1(2): 102-104.
7.	Brent B. Reconstruction of ear, eyebrow, and sideburn in the burned patient. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1975, 55(3): 312-317.
8.	Jeong SH, Koo SH, Han SK, et al. An algorithmic approach for reconstruction of burn alopecia. Ann Plast Surg, 2010, 65(3): 330-337.
9.	Sachs ME, Conley J. A composite hair-bearing and non-hair-bearing sideburn flap. Ann Plast Surg, 1981, 7(4): 295-297.
10.	Fodor PB, Liverett DM. Sideburn reconstruction for postrhytidectomy deformity. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1984, 74(3): 430-434.
11.	Ridgway EB, Pribaz JJ. The reconstruction of male hair-bearing facial regions. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2011, 127(1): 131-141.
12.	Juri J. Sideburn reconstruction in secondary lifting. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1998, 102(6): 2241-2243.
13.	Rodríquez-Camps S. Reconstruction of sideburn and temporal area after a face lift. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2002, 26(3): 181-183.
14.	Yotsuyanagi T, Watanabe Y, Yamashita K, et al. Retroauricular flap: its clinical application and safety. Br J Plast Surg, 2001, 54(1): 12-19.
15.	Yang Z, Fan J, Tian K, et al. Aesthestic sideburn reconstruction with an expanded reversed temporoparieto-occipital scalp flap. J Craniofac Surg, 2014, 25(4): 1168-1170.
16.	Yamamoto Y, Yokoyama T, Minakawa H, et al. Use of the expanded skin flap in esthetic reconstrution of postburn deformity. J Burn Care Rehabil, 1996, 17(5): 397-401.
17.	Davis WH. Sideburn reconstruction with an arterial V-Y hair-bearing scalp flap after the excision of basal cell carcinoma. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2000, 106(1): 94-97.
18.	Tellioğlu AT, Cimen K, Açar HI, et al. Scalp reconstruction with island hair-bearing flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2005, 115(5): 1366-1371.
19.	Karacalar A. The use of an island scalp flap based on the superficial temporal artery for the reconstruction of the sideburn. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2000, 105(5): 1899.
20.	Onizuka T, Ohmori S. Treatment of alopecia cicatricans using an artery flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1965, 35: 338-341.
21.	Park C, Shin KS, Kang HS, et al. A new arterial flap from the postauricular surface: its anatomic basis and clinical application. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1988, 82(3): 498-505.
22.	Park C, Lineaweaver WC, Rumly TO, et al. Arterial supply of the anterior ear. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1992, 90(1): 38-44.
23.	Song R, Song Y, Qi K, et al. The superior auricular artery and retroauricular arterial island flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1996, 98(4): 657-667.
24.	胡志奇, 齐向东, 徐达传. 颞区筋膜的解剖学研究. 实用医学杂志, 2001, 17(11): 1030-1031.
25.	徐胜. 颞筋膜瓣的应用解剖. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 1992, 10(3): 179-181.
26.	姜平, 陈其庆, 黄伟锋. 颞部软组织层次解剖学研究和透明质酸注射填充的安全层次探讨. 中华整形外科杂志, 2016, 32(4): 280-285.
27.	Smit JM, Klein S, Werker PM. An overview of methods for vascular mapping in the planning of free flaps. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2010, 63(9): e674-e682.
28.	Imanishi N, Nakajima H, Minabe T, et al. Venous drainage architecture of the temporal and parietal regions: anatomy of the superficial temporal artery and vein. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2002, 109(7): 2197-2203.
29.	Unger WP. Recipient area hair direction and angle in hair transplanting. Dermatol Surg, 2004, 30(6): 829-836.

1. Kasai K, Ogawa Y, Takeuchi E. A case of sideburn reconstruction using a temporoparieto-occipital island flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1991, 87(1): 146-149.
2. Fan J, Yang P. Aesthetic reconstruction of burn alopecia by using expanded hair-bearing scalp flaps. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 1997, 21(6): 440-444.
3. 胡守舵, 张海明, 冯越蹇, 等. 扩张皮瓣修复鬓角缺损. 组织工程与重建外科杂志, 2006, 2(5): 277-279.
4. Giraldo F, Gonzalez C, Garnica I, et al. Sideburn reconstruction with an expanded supraauricular trapezoidal flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1997, 100(1): 257-261.
5. Juri J, Juri C, de Antueno J. Reconstruction of the sideburn for alopecia after rhytidectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1976, 57(3): 304-307.
6. 张林, 宁金龙, 李小静, 等. 鬓角区瘢痕性秃发修复方法的探讨. 整形再造外科杂志, 2004, 1(2): 102-104.
7. Brent B. Reconstruction of ear, eyebrow, and sideburn in the burned patient. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1975, 55(3): 312-317.
8. Jeong SH, Koo SH, Han SK, et al. An algorithmic approach for reconstruction of burn alopecia. Ann Plast Surg, 2010, 65(3): 330-337.
9. Sachs ME, Conley J. A composite hair-bearing and non-hair-bearing sideburn flap. Ann Plast Surg, 1981, 7(4): 295-297.
10. Fodor PB, Liverett DM. Sideburn reconstruction for postrhytidectomy deformity. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1984, 74(3): 430-434.
11. Ridgway EB, Pribaz JJ. The reconstruction of male hair-bearing facial regions. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2011, 127(1): 131-141.
12. Juri J. Sideburn reconstruction in secondary lifting. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1998, 102(6): 2241-2243.
13. Rodríquez-Camps S. Reconstruction of sideburn and temporal area after a face lift. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2002, 26(3): 181-183.
14. Yotsuyanagi T, Watanabe Y, Yamashita K, et al. Retroauricular flap: its clinical application and safety. Br J Plast Surg, 2001, 54(1): 12-19.
15. Yang Z, Fan J, Tian K, et al. Aesthestic sideburn reconstruction with an expanded reversed temporoparieto-occipital scalp flap. J Craniofac Surg, 2014, 25(4): 1168-1170.
16. Yamamoto Y, Yokoyama T, Minakawa H, et al. Use of the expanded skin flap in esthetic reconstrution of postburn deformity. J Burn Care Rehabil, 1996, 17(5): 397-401.
17. Davis WH. Sideburn reconstruction with an arterial V-Y hair-bearing scalp flap after the excision of basal cell carcinoma. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2000, 106(1): 94-97.
18. Tellioğlu AT, Cimen K, Açar HI, et al. Scalp reconstruction with island hair-bearing flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2005, 115(5): 1366-1371.
19. Karacalar A. The use of an island scalp flap based on the superficial temporal artery for the reconstruction of the sideburn. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2000, 105(5): 1899.
20. Onizuka T, Ohmori S. Treatment of alopecia cicatricans using an artery flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1965, 35: 338-341.
21. Park C, Shin KS, Kang HS, et al. A new arterial flap from the postauricular surface: its anatomic basis and clinical application. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1988, 82(3): 498-505.
22. Park C, Lineaweaver WC, Rumly TO, et al. Arterial supply of the anterior ear. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1992, 90(1): 38-44.
23. Song R, Song Y, Qi K, et al. The superior auricular artery and retroauricular arterial island flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1996, 98(4): 657-667.
24. 胡志奇, 齐向东, 徐达传. 颞区筋膜的解剖学研究. 实用医学杂志, 2001, 17(11): 1030-1031.
25. 徐胜. 颞筋膜瓣的应用解剖. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 1992, 10(3): 179-181.
26. 姜平, 陈其庆, 黄伟锋. 颞部软组织层次解剖学研究和透明质酸注射填充的安全层次探讨. 中华整形外科杂志, 2016, 32(4): 280-285.
27. Smit JM, Klein S, Werker PM. An overview of methods for vascular mapping in the planning of free flaps. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2010, 63(9): e674-e682.
28. Imanishi N, Nakajima H, Minabe T, et al. Venous drainage architecture of the temporal and parietal regions: anatomy of the superficial temporal artery and vein. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2002, 109(7): 2197-2203.
29. Unger WP. Recipient area hair direction and angle in hair transplanting. Dermatol Surg, 2004, 30(6): 829-836.

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Clinical research of sideburn reconstruction with expanded island scalp flap based on parietal branch of superficial temporal vessel

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