Trends of burden on traumatic brain injury and related risk factors in China, 1990—2023_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

HAN Yajin ¹ , SUN Ke ¹ ^{△共同第一作者} ,  PAN Weimin ² ,  LUO Xiaofeng ¹

1. School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Gansu, 730000, P. R. China;
2. Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou Gansu, 730000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

PAN Weimin, Email: 85644554@qq.com; LUO Xiaofeng, Email: luoxiaof@lzu.edu.cn

Keywords：

Disease burden; traumatic brain injury; incidence rate; years of life lost due to disability

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.202507051

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To explore the current status and changing trends of the disease burden of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in China from 1990 to 2023, and to quantitatively assess the impact of different influencing factors on this disease burden, thereby providing references for the prevention of TBI. Methods Based on the 2023 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, indicators including incidence and years lived with disability (YLDs) were used to analyze the status and changing trends of TBI disease burden in China from 1990 to 2023. Additionally, the decomposition method established by Gupta was adopted to quantify the effects of population growth, population aging, age-specific incidence rate, and disease severity on YLDs. Results From 1990 to 2023, the age-standardized incidence rate and YLD rate of TBI in China showed an overall upward trend, with a significant downward trend between 2015 and 2020, followed by a resumption of upward trend after 2020. The disease burden of TBI in males was higher than that in females, with a larger increase amplitude. The elderly population had higher TBI incidence rate and YLD rate, also with a larger upward amplitude. Falls were the main cause of TBI in China, and the changing trend of the disease burden caused by falls was consistent with the overall trend of TBI disease burden; meanwhile, the elderly population bore a relatively high disease burden from falls. Taking 1990 as the baseline, the growth rates of YLDs in males and females in 2023 were 101.54% and 101.40%, respectively. For males, the proportions of YLDs growth attributed to population growth, population aging, age-specific incidence rate, and disease severity were 26.91%, 49.62%, 37.74%, and －12.73%, respectively; for females, the corresponding proportions were 28.85%, 57.69%, 27.65%, and －12.79%. Conclusion From 1990 to 2023, population aging had a significant impact on the disease burden of TBI in China. Strengthening the prevention and control of falls and paying close attention to males and the elderly population should be the key focuses of TBI prevention and control work in China in the future.

1.	Mustafa AG, Alshboul OA. Pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury. Neurosciences (Riyadh), 2013, 18(3): 222-234.
2.	Khellaf A, Khan DZ, Helmy A. Recent advances in traumatic brain injury. J Neurol, 2019, 266(11): 2878-2889.
3.	Maas AIR, Menon DK, Adelson PD, et al. Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research. Lancet Neurol, 2017, 16(12): 987-1048.
4.	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. GBD Results, 2021 [EB/OL]. [2024-12-04]. https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results.
5.	Xu H, Pi H, Ma L, et al. Incidence of headache after traumatic brain injury in China: A large prospective study. World Neurosurg, 2016, 88: 289-296.
6.	GBD 2016 Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol, 2019, 18(1): 56-87.
7.	饶克勤, 钱军程, 陈红敬, 等. 我国人口老龄化对卫生系统的挑战及其应对策略. 中华健康管理学杂志, 2012, 6(1): 6-8.
8.	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. The 2021 Global Burden of Disease study [EB/OL]. [2025-2-15]. https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/.
9.	GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet, 2020, 396(10258): 1204-1222.
10.	GBD 2019 Risk Factors Collaborators. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet, 2020, 396(10258): 1223-1249.
11.	GBD 2021 Causes of Death Collaborators. Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet, 2024, 403(10440): 2100-2132.
12.	唐诗迪, 訾豪, 朱聪, 等. 1990-2019年中国睾丸癌疾病负担分析. 解放军医学杂志, 2024, 49(3): 272-279.
13.	Gupta PD. Standardization and Decomposition of Rates: A User’s Manual. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1993: 44-46.
14.	中共中央国务院. “健康中国2030”规划纲要 [EB/OL]. (2016-10-25) [2025-10-01]. https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-10/25/content_5124174.htm.
15.	任义涛, 朱荣芳, 林金雄, 等. 1990―2019年中国人群道路交通伤害的疾病负担及变化趋势. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2023, 27(11): 1289-1295.
16.	Hoffman GJ, Malani PN, Solway E, et al. Changes in activity levels, physical functioning, and fall risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2022, 70(1): 49-59.
17.	Demangel R, Treffel L, Py G, et al. Early structural and functional signature of 3-day human skeletal muscle disuse using the dry immersion model. J Physiol, 2017, 595(13): 4301-4315.
18.	国家统计局网站. 中国人口普查年鉴-2000 [EB/OL]. [2024-06-03]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/ndsj/zgnj/2000/D07c.html.
19.	国家统计局网站. 中国人口普查年鉴-2020[EB/OL]. [2024-06-03]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/7rp/zk/indexch.html.
20.	宋源龙, 杨弋星, 董顺雨, 等. 1990—2019年中国伤害疾病负担变化趋势及预测. 现代预防医学, 2024, 51(8): 1377-1383,1419.
21.	杨亮, 付晓兰, 毛晓锋, 等. 2011-2019年重庆市长寿区交通伤害死亡率及疾病负担趋势分析. 职业卫生与病伤, 2021, 36(2): 79-84.
22.	丁贤彬, 杨弦弦, 焦艳, 等. 2012—2018年重庆市伤害疾病负担变化趋势. 实用预防医学, 2020, 27(7): 790-793.
23.	刘贽, 林淼, 代兵, 等. 基于中国汽车-行人事故数据的老龄人与青壮年行人损伤特征对比分析. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2024, 15(2): 154-160.
24.	Yang C, Lang L, He Z, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of older patients with traumatic brain injury in China. J Neurotrauma, 2022, 39(11-12): 850-859.
25.	Salari N, Darvishi N, Ahmadipanah M, et al. Global prevalence of falls in the older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res, 2022, 17(1): 334. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03222-1.
26.	胡依, 郭芮绮, 闵淑慧, 等. 1990-2019年中国老年人群跌倒疾病负担分析. 现代预防医学, 2021, 48(9): 1542-1545,1630.
27.	孙丝雨, 杨文豪, 黄婷苑, 等. 广州市社区老年人跌倒发生率及影响因素的前瞻性队列研究. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2024, 28(10): 1164-1169,1203.
28.	Yip WN, Fu HQ, Chen AT, et al. 10 years of health-care reform in China: progress and gaps in Universal Health Coverage. Lancet, 2019, 394(10204): 1192-1204.
29.	刘珊山, 于晓辉, 秦建伟. 1990—2019年中国肝硬化疾病负担变化趋势分析. 临床肝胆病杂志, 2024, 40(4): 726-733.

1. Mustafa AG, Alshboul OA. Pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury. Neurosciences (Riyadh), 2013, 18(3): 222-234.
2. Khellaf A, Khan DZ, Helmy A. Recent advances in traumatic brain injury. J Neurol, 2019, 266(11): 2878-2889.
3. Maas AIR, Menon DK, Adelson PD, et al. Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research. Lancet Neurol, 2017, 16(12): 987-1048.
4. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. GBD Results, 2021 [EB/OL]. [2024-12-04]. https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results.
5. Xu H, Pi H, Ma L, et al. Incidence of headache after traumatic brain injury in China: A large prospective study. World Neurosurg, 2016, 88: 289-296.
6. GBD 2016 Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol, 2019, 18(1): 56-87.
7. 饶克勤, 钱军程, 陈红敬, 等. 我国人口老龄化对卫生系统的挑战及其应对策略. 中华健康管理学杂志, 2012, 6(1): 6-8.
8. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. The 2021 Global Burden of Disease study [EB/OL]. [2025-2-15]. https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/.
9. GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet, 2020, 396(10258): 1204-1222.
10. GBD 2019 Risk Factors Collaborators. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet, 2020, 396(10258): 1223-1249.
11. GBD 2021 Causes of Death Collaborators. Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet, 2024, 403(10440): 2100-2132.
12. 唐诗迪, 訾豪, 朱聪, 等. 1990-2019年中国睾丸癌疾病负担分析. 解放军医学杂志, 2024, 49(3): 272-279.
13. Gupta PD. Standardization and Decomposition of Rates: A User’s Manual. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1993: 44-46.
14. 中共中央国务院. “健康中国2030”规划纲要 [EB/OL]. (2016-10-25) [2025-10-01]. https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-10/25/content_5124174.htm.
15. 任义涛, 朱荣芳, 林金雄, 等. 1990―2019年中国人群道路交通伤害的疾病负担及变化趋势. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2023, 27(11): 1289-1295.
16. Hoffman GJ, Malani PN, Solway E, et al. Changes in activity levels, physical functioning, and fall risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2022, 70(1): 49-59.
17. Demangel R, Treffel L, Py G, et al. Early structural and functional signature of 3-day human skeletal muscle disuse using the dry immersion model. J Physiol, 2017, 595(13): 4301-4315.
18. 国家统计局网站. 中国人口普查年鉴-2000 [EB/OL]. [2024-06-03]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/ndsj/zgnj/2000/D07c.html.
19. 国家统计局网站. 中国人口普查年鉴-2020[EB/OL]. [2024-06-03]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/7rp/zk/indexch.html.
20. 宋源龙, 杨弋星, 董顺雨, 等. 1990—2019年中国伤害疾病负担变化趋势及预测. 现代预防医学, 2024, 51(8): 1377-1383,1419.
21. 杨亮, 付晓兰, 毛晓锋, 等. 2011-2019年重庆市长寿区交通伤害死亡率及疾病负担趋势分析. 职业卫生与病伤, 2021, 36(2): 79-84.
22. 丁贤彬, 杨弦弦, 焦艳, 等. 2012—2018年重庆市伤害疾病负担变化趋势. 实用预防医学, 2020, 27(7): 790-793.
23. 刘贽, 林淼, 代兵, 等. 基于中国汽车-行人事故数据的老龄人与青壮年行人损伤特征对比分析. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2024, 15(2): 154-160.
24. Yang C, Lang L, He Z, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of older patients with traumatic brain injury in China. J Neurotrauma, 2022, 39(11-12): 850-859.
25. Salari N, Darvishi N, Ahmadipanah M, et al. Global prevalence of falls in the older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res, 2022, 17(1): 334. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03222-1.
26. 胡依, 郭芮绮, 闵淑慧, 等. 1990-2019年中国老年人群跌倒疾病负担分析. 现代预防医学, 2021, 48(9): 1542-1545,1630.
27. 孙丝雨, 杨文豪, 黄婷苑, 等. 广州市社区老年人跌倒发生率及影响因素的前瞻性队列研究. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2024, 28(10): 1164-1169,1203.
28. Yip WN, Fu HQ, Chen AT, et al. 10 years of health-care reform in China: progress and gaps in Universal Health Coverage. Lancet, 2019, 394(10204): 1192-1204.
29. 刘珊山, 于晓辉, 秦建伟. 1990—2019年中国肝硬化疾病负担变化趋势分析. 临床肝胆病杂志, 2024, 40(4): 726-733.

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Latest ArticlesTrends of burden on traumatic brain injury and related risk factors in China, 1990—2023

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Format

Content