Advances and prospects in the application of robotic surgery system in the treatment of esophageal cancer_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

WANG Bing ^1,2 , BAI Qizhou ² , JIN Dacheng ^1,2 , MA Jilong ^1,2 , HAN Songchen ^1,2 , CHEN Meng ^1,2 ,  GOU Yunjiu ² , WANG Shumin ³

1. Department of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, P.R.China;
2. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Gansu Province People’s Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, P.R.China;
3. Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Shenyang, 110016, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

GOU Yunjiu, Email: gouyunjiu@163.com

Keywords：

Esophageal cancer; robot assisted thoracic surgery; minimally invasive surgical system; Ivor-Lewis; McKeown; complication

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.201810057

Video：

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At present, the application of the robot assisted surgery system in the surgical treatment of esophageal cancer is gradually emerging, and it is more and more widely used and recognized in the field of surgery. According to the domestic and foreign literatures, the robot has many advantages, and robotic assisted esophageal cancer surgery has been proved to be safe and effective, and its short-term efficacy is significantly better than thoracotomy. Other studies have shown that in long-term follow-up, the effect is comparable to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. In this paper, the author are systematically reviewed the development history of the robot assisted surgery system, the effect of robotic assisted esophagectomy on safety, surgical method, short-term efficacy and long-term prognosis. The traditional open surgery and thoracoscopic laparoscopic esophagectomy has been carried on the detailed comparison to provide some advice and theoretical basis for esophageal cancer surgery robot system.

Citation： WANG Bing, BAI Qizhou, JIN Dacheng, MA Jilong, HAN Songchen, CHEN Meng, GOU Yunjiu, WANG Shumin. Advances and prospects in the application of robotic surgery system in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2019, 26(7): 715-722. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.201810057 Copy

1.	陈万青, 李贺, 孙可欣, 等. 2014 年中国恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2018, 27(1): 5-13.
2.	Mariette C, Piessen G, Triboulet JP. Therapeutic strategies in oesophageal carcinoma: Role of surgery and other modalities. The Lancet. Oncology, 2007, 8(6): 545-553.
3.	Wang Y, Chen C. Survival following video-assisted thoracoscopic versus open esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma. J BUON, 2016, 21(2): 427-433.
4.	王述民. 达芬奇机器人在肺癌根治术中的应用现状及展望. 中国肿瘤, 2014, 23(9): 736-742.
5.	Sabanathan S, Mearns AJ, Richardson J. Endoscopic oesophagectomy through a right thoracoscopic approach. J R Coll Surg Edinb, 1992, 37(4): 284-285.
6.	Melvin WS, Needleman BJ, Krause KR, et al. Computer-enhanced robotic telesurgery. Initial experience in foregut surgery. Surg Endosc, 2002, 16(12): 1790-1792.
7.	Horgan S, Berger RA, Elli EF, et al. Robotic-assisted minimally invasive transhiatal esophagectomy. Am Surg, 2003, 69(7): 624-626.
8.	Kernstine KH, DeArmond DT, Karimi M, et al. The robotic, 2-stage, 3-field esophagolymphadenectomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2004, 127(6): 1847-1849.
9.	陈秀, 韩冰, 郭巍, 等. Da vincis 手术机器人在胸外科应用的初步经验. 中国医师杂志, 2010, 12(7): 895-898.
10.	范虹, 蒋伟, 袁云锋, 等. 达芬奇机器人辅助食管癌根治术 2 例报告. 复旦学报(医学版), 2010, 37(4): 502-503.
11.	Hernandez JM, Dimou F, Weber J, et al. Defining the learning curve for robotic-assisted esophagogastrectomy. J Gastrointest Surg, 2013, 17(8): 1346-1351.
12.	黄磊, 李春光, 陈和忠. 食管癌机器人手术治疗现状及进展. 国际外科学杂志, 2017, 44(12): 860-864.
13.	Lehenbauer D, Kernstine KH. Robotic esophagectomy: Modified mckeown approach. Thorac Surg Clin, 2014, 24(2): 203-209, vii.
14.	Clark J, Sodergren MH, Purkayastha S, et al. The role of robotic assisted laparoscopy for oesophagogastric oncological resection, an appraisal of the literature. Dis Esophagus, 2011, 24(4): 240-250.
15.	李鹤成, 陈醒狮. 达芬奇机器人手术系统辅助下食管切除手术方式及研究现状. 中华消化外科杂志, 2015, 14(12): 983-986.
16.	Cerfolio RJ, Bryant AS, Hawn MT. Technical aspects and early results of robotic esophagectomy with chest anastomosis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2013, 145(1): 90-96.
17.	Trugeda S, Fernandez-Diaz MJ, Rodriguez-Sanjuan JC, et al. Initial results of robot-assisted Ivor-Lewis oesophagectomy with intrathoracic hand-sewn anastomosis in the prone position. Int J Med Robot, 2014, 10(4): 397-403.
18.	张亚杰, 韩宇, 项捷, 等. 机器人微创 ivor lewis 食管癌根治术的应用. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2018, 25(9): 735-741.
19.	周彬, 张亚杰, 李鹤成. 机器人辅助 Ivor-Lewis 食管癌切除术研究进展. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2018, 25(07): 616-621.
20.	张博, 张洪文. 对左侧开胸经膈肌裂孔食管癌手术的几点看法. 中华胸心血管外科杂志, 2002, 18(4): 216.
21.	Dunn DH, Johnson EM, Anderson CA, et al. Operative and survival outcomes in a series of 100 consecutive cases of robot-assisted transhiatal esophagectomies. Dis Esophagus, 2017, 30(10): 1-7.
22.	Kuwabara S, Katayanagi N. Comparison of three different operative methods of video-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy. Esophagus, 2010, 7(1): 23-28.
23.	Kim DJ, Park SY, Lee S, et al. Feasibility of a robot-assisted thoracoscopic lymphadenectomy along the recurrent laryngeal nerves in radical esophagectomy for esophageal squamous carcinoma. Surg Endoscopy, 2014, 28(6): 1866-1873.
24.	Puntambekar S, Kenawadekar R, Kumar S, et al. Robotic transthoracic esophagectomy. BMC Surg, 2015, 15: 47.
25.	Wee JO, Bravo-Iniguez CE, Jaklitsch MT. Early experience of robot-assisted esophagectomy with circular end-to-end stapled anastomosis. Ann Thorac Surg, 2016, 102(1): 253-259.
26.	杨煜, 张晓彬, 孙益峰, 等. 机器人辅助食管癌的微创外科切除: 上海市胸科医院 75 例临床报道. 中华胸部外科电子杂志, 2016, 3(3): 151-155.
27.	Salem AI, Thau MR, Strom TJ, et al. Effect of body mass index on operative outcome after robotic-assisted Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy: Retrospective analysis of 129 cases at a single high-volume tertiary care center. Dis Esophagus, 2017, 30(1): 1-7.
28.	韩丁培, 项捷, 高涛涛, 等. 机器人辅助与传统 ivor-lewis 食管癌根治术近期疗效的比较. 中国微创外科杂志, 2016, 16(5): 404-407.
29.	Giugliano DN, Berger AC, Rosato EL, et al. Total minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: Approaches and outcomes. Langenbecks Arch Surg, 2016, 401(6): 747-756.
30.	徐志华, 张含露, 杨梅, 等. 达芬奇机器人与胸腹腔镜联合辅助 mckeown 食管癌根治术后患者短期疼痛的非随机对照研究. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2018, 25(5): 378-381.
31.	Khan O, Nizar S, Vasilikostas G, et al. Minimally invasive versus open oesophagectomy for patients with oesophageal cancer: A multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial. J Thorac Dis, 2012, 4(5): 465-466.
32.	Trugeda Carrera MS, Fernandez-Diaz MJ, Rodriguez-Sanjuan JC, et al. lnitial results of robotic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Cir Esp, 2015, 93(6): 396-402.
33.	de la Fuente SG, Weber J, Hoffe SE, et al. Initial experience from a large referral center with robotic-assisted Ivor Lewis esophagogastrectomy for oncologic purposes. Surg Endosc, 2013, 27(9): 3339-3347.
34.	Hodari A, Park KU, Lace B, et al. Robot-assisted minimally invasive ivor lewis esophagectomy with real-time perfusion assessment. Ann Thorac Surg, 2015, 100(3): 947-952.
35.	van der Sluis PC, Ruurda JP, Verhage RJ, et al. Oncologic long-term results of robot-assisted minimally invasive thoraco-laparoscopic esophagectomy with two-field lymphadenectomy for esophageal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol, 2015, 22(Suppl 3): S1350-1356.
36.	Guerra F, Vegni A, Gia E, et al. Early experience with totally robotic esophagectomy for malignancy. Surgical and oncological outcomes. Int J Med Robot, 2018, 14(3): e1902.
37.	Park SY, Kim DJ, Do YW, et al. The oncologic outcome of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients after robot-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy with total mediastinal lymphadenectomy. Ann Thorac Surg, 2017, 103(4): 1151-1157.
38.	van der Sluis PC, Ruurda JP, van der Horst S, et al. Robot-assisted minimally invasive thoraco-laparoscopic esophagectomy versus open transthoracic esophagectomy for resectable esophageal cancer, a randomized controlled trial (robot trial). Trials, 2012, 13: 230.
39.	Osaka Y, Tachibana S, Ota Y, et al. Usefulness of robot-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2018, 66(4): 225-231.
40.	柏启州, 于珺, 苟云久, 等. 达芬奇机器人手术治疗纵隔肿瘤的病例对照研究. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2018, 25(5): 382-386.
41.	Suda K, Ishida Y, Kawamura Y, et al. Robot-assisted thoracoscopic lymphadenectomy along the left recurrent laryngeal nerve for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in the prone position: Technical report and short-term outcomes. World J Surg, 2012, 36(7): 1608-1616.
42.	张晓彬, 杨煜, 叶波, 等. 达芬奇机器人手术系统辅助与胸腹腔镜联合辅助食管癌根治术的疗效分析. 中华消化外科杂志, 2017, 16(8): 844-849.
43.	Sarkaria IS, Rizk NP. Robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy: The Ivor-Lewis approach. Thorac Surg Clin, 2014, 24(2): 211-222, vii.
44.	van Hillegersberg R, Seesing MF, Brenkman HJ, et al. Robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy. Chirurg, 2017, 88(Suppl 1): 7-11.
45.	Huang L, Onaitis M. Minimally invasive and robotic ivor lewis esophagectomy. J Thorac Dis, 2014, (6 Suppl 3): S314-S321.
46.	苟云久, 柏启州, 汪成风, 等. 达芬奇机器人胸外科 33 例手术体验. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2017, 24(5): 404-406.

1. 陈万青, 李贺, 孙可欣, 等. 2014 年中国恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2018, 27(1): 5-13.
2. Mariette C, Piessen G, Triboulet JP. Therapeutic strategies in oesophageal carcinoma: Role of surgery and other modalities. The Lancet. Oncology, 2007, 8(6): 545-553.
3. Wang Y, Chen C. Survival following video-assisted thoracoscopic versus open esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma. J BUON, 2016, 21(2): 427-433.
4. 王述民. 达芬奇机器人在肺癌根治术中的应用现状及展望. 中国肿瘤, 2014, 23(9): 736-742.
5. Sabanathan S, Mearns AJ, Richardson J. Endoscopic oesophagectomy through a right thoracoscopic approach. J R Coll Surg Edinb, 1992, 37(4): 284-285.
6. Melvin WS, Needleman BJ, Krause KR, et al. Computer-enhanced robotic telesurgery. Initial experience in foregut surgery. Surg Endosc, 2002, 16(12): 1790-1792.
7. Horgan S, Berger RA, Elli EF, et al. Robotic-assisted minimally invasive transhiatal esophagectomy. Am Surg, 2003, 69(7): 624-626.
8. Kernstine KH, DeArmond DT, Karimi M, et al. The robotic, 2-stage, 3-field esophagolymphadenectomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2004, 127(6): 1847-1849.
9. 陈秀, 韩冰, 郭巍, 等. Da vincis 手术机器人在胸外科应用的初步经验. 中国医师杂志, 2010, 12(7): 895-898.
10. 范虹, 蒋伟, 袁云锋, 等. 达芬奇机器人辅助食管癌根治术 2 例报告. 复旦学报(医学版), 2010, 37(4): 502-503.
11. Hernandez JM, Dimou F, Weber J, et al. Defining the learning curve for robotic-assisted esophagogastrectomy. J Gastrointest Surg, 2013, 17(8): 1346-1351.
12. 黄磊, 李春光, 陈和忠. 食管癌机器人手术治疗现状及进展. 国际外科学杂志, 2017, 44(12): 860-864.
13. Lehenbauer D, Kernstine KH. Robotic esophagectomy: Modified mckeown approach. Thorac Surg Clin, 2014, 24(2): 203-209, vii.
14. Clark J, Sodergren MH, Purkayastha S, et al. The role of robotic assisted laparoscopy for oesophagogastric oncological resection, an appraisal of the literature. Dis Esophagus, 2011, 24(4): 240-250.
15. 李鹤成, 陈醒狮. 达芬奇机器人手术系统辅助下食管切除手术方式及研究现状. 中华消化外科杂志, 2015, 14(12): 983-986.
16. Cerfolio RJ, Bryant AS, Hawn MT. Technical aspects and early results of robotic esophagectomy with chest anastomosis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2013, 145(1): 90-96.
17. Trugeda S, Fernandez-Diaz MJ, Rodriguez-Sanjuan JC, et al. Initial results of robot-assisted Ivor-Lewis oesophagectomy with intrathoracic hand-sewn anastomosis in the prone position. Int J Med Robot, 2014, 10(4): 397-403.
18. 张亚杰, 韩宇, 项捷, 等. 机器人微创 ivor lewis 食管癌根治术的应用. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2018, 25(9): 735-741.
19. 周彬, 张亚杰, 李鹤成. 机器人辅助 Ivor-Lewis 食管癌切除术研究进展. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2018, 25(07): 616-621.
20. 张博, 张洪文. 对左侧开胸经膈肌裂孔食管癌手术的几点看法. 中华胸心血管外科杂志, 2002, 18(4): 216.
21. Dunn DH, Johnson EM, Anderson CA, et al. Operative and survival outcomes in a series of 100 consecutive cases of robot-assisted transhiatal esophagectomies. Dis Esophagus, 2017, 30(10): 1-7.
22. Kuwabara S, Katayanagi N. Comparison of three different operative methods of video-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy. Esophagus, 2010, 7(1): 23-28.
23. Kim DJ, Park SY, Lee S, et al. Feasibility of a robot-assisted thoracoscopic lymphadenectomy along the recurrent laryngeal nerves in radical esophagectomy for esophageal squamous carcinoma. Surg Endoscopy, 2014, 28(6): 1866-1873.
24. Puntambekar S, Kenawadekar R, Kumar S, et al. Robotic transthoracic esophagectomy. BMC Surg, 2015, 15: 47.
25. Wee JO, Bravo-Iniguez CE, Jaklitsch MT. Early experience of robot-assisted esophagectomy with circular end-to-end stapled anastomosis. Ann Thorac Surg, 2016, 102(1): 253-259.
26. 杨煜, 张晓彬, 孙益峰, 等. 机器人辅助食管癌的微创外科切除: 上海市胸科医院 75 例临床报道. 中华胸部外科电子杂志, 2016, 3(3): 151-155.
27. Salem AI, Thau MR, Strom TJ, et al. Effect of body mass index on operative outcome after robotic-assisted Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy: Retrospective analysis of 129 cases at a single high-volume tertiary care center. Dis Esophagus, 2017, 30(1): 1-7.
28. 韩丁培, 项捷, 高涛涛, 等. 机器人辅助与传统 ivor-lewis 食管癌根治术近期疗效的比较. 中国微创外科杂志, 2016, 16(5): 404-407.
29. Giugliano DN, Berger AC, Rosato EL, et al. Total minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: Approaches and outcomes. Langenbecks Arch Surg, 2016, 401(6): 747-756.
30. 徐志华, 张含露, 杨梅, 等. 达芬奇机器人与胸腹腔镜联合辅助 mckeown 食管癌根治术后患者短期疼痛的非随机对照研究. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2018, 25(5): 378-381.
31. Khan O, Nizar S, Vasilikostas G, et al. Minimally invasive versus open oesophagectomy for patients with oesophageal cancer: A multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial. J Thorac Dis, 2012, 4(5): 465-466.
32. Trugeda Carrera MS, Fernandez-Diaz MJ, Rodriguez-Sanjuan JC, et al. lnitial results of robotic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Cir Esp, 2015, 93(6): 396-402.
33. de la Fuente SG, Weber J, Hoffe SE, et al. Initial experience from a large referral center with robotic-assisted Ivor Lewis esophagogastrectomy for oncologic purposes. Surg Endosc, 2013, 27(9): 3339-3347.
34. Hodari A, Park KU, Lace B, et al. Robot-assisted minimally invasive ivor lewis esophagectomy with real-time perfusion assessment. Ann Thorac Surg, 2015, 100(3): 947-952.
35. van der Sluis PC, Ruurda JP, Verhage RJ, et al. Oncologic long-term results of robot-assisted minimally invasive thoraco-laparoscopic esophagectomy with two-field lymphadenectomy for esophageal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol, 2015, 22(Suppl 3): S1350-1356.
36. Guerra F, Vegni A, Gia E, et al. Early experience with totally robotic esophagectomy for malignancy. Surgical and oncological outcomes. Int J Med Robot, 2018, 14(3): e1902.
37. Park SY, Kim DJ, Do YW, et al. The oncologic outcome of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients after robot-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy with total mediastinal lymphadenectomy. Ann Thorac Surg, 2017, 103(4): 1151-1157.
38. van der Sluis PC, Ruurda JP, van der Horst S, et al. Robot-assisted minimally invasive thoraco-laparoscopic esophagectomy versus open transthoracic esophagectomy for resectable esophageal cancer, a randomized controlled trial (robot trial). Trials, 2012, 13: 230.
39. Osaka Y, Tachibana S, Ota Y, et al. Usefulness of robot-assisted thoracoscopic esophagectomy. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2018, 66(4): 225-231.
40. 柏启州, 于珺, 苟云久, 等. 达芬奇机器人手术治疗纵隔肿瘤的病例对照研究. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2018, 25(5): 382-386.
41. Suda K, Ishida Y, Kawamura Y, et al. Robot-assisted thoracoscopic lymphadenectomy along the left recurrent laryngeal nerve for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in the prone position: Technical report and short-term outcomes. World J Surg, 2012, 36(7): 1608-1616.
42. 张晓彬, 杨煜, 叶波, 等. 达芬奇机器人手术系统辅助与胸腹腔镜联合辅助食管癌根治术的疗效分析. 中华消化外科杂志, 2017, 16(8): 844-849.
43. Sarkaria IS, Rizk NP. Robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy: The Ivor-Lewis approach. Thorac Surg Clin, 2014, 24(2): 211-222, vii.
44. van Hillegersberg R, Seesing MF, Brenkman HJ, et al. Robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy. Chirurg, 2017, 88(Suppl 1): 7-11.
45. Huang L, Onaitis M. Minimally invasive and robotic ivor lewis esophagectomy. J Thorac Dis, 2014, (6 Suppl 3): S314-S321.
46. 苟云久, 柏启州, 汪成风, 等. 达芬奇机器人胸外科 33 例手术体验. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2017, 24(5): 404-406.

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