Recent advances in the application of three dimensional reconstruction techniques in surgical treatment of early lung cancer_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

LONG Tao ¹ , REN Zhengbing ¹ , SHAO Aizhong ¹ , HE Zhicheng ² ,  WU Weibing ²

1. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, P. R. China;
2. Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

WU Weibing, Email: wuweibing95@163.com

Keywords：

Three-dimensional reconstruction; lung cancer; ground-glass opacity; video-assisted thoracic surgery; sublobar resection; artificial intelligence; review

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.202307015

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. With the prevalence of CT screening and early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer in China, more and more patients with early stage lung cancer characterized with ground-glass opacity are discovered and urgently requiring treatment, which poses a significant challenge to surgeons. As an emerging technology, three dimensional reconstruction technology plays a crucial auxiliary role in clinical work. This review aims to briefly introduce this technology, focusing on its latest advances in surgical applications in early lung cancer screening, malignant risk assessment, and perioperative period application and medical education.

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1. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin, 2021, 71(3): 209-249.
2. 中华医学会肿瘤学分会, 中华医学会杂志社. 中华医学会肺癌临床诊疗指南(2023版). 中华肿瘤杂志, 2023, 45(7): 539-574.
3. 中华医学会呼吸病学分会. 早期肺癌诊断中国专家共识(2023年版). 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2023, 46(1): 1-18.
4. 中国肺癌早诊早治专家组, 中国西部肺癌研究协作中心. 中国肺癌低剂量CT筛查指南(2023年版). 中国肺癌杂志, 2023, 26(1): 1-9.
5. Saji H, Okada M, Tsuboi M, et al. Segmentectomy versus lobectomy in small-sized peripheral non-small-cell lung cancer (JCOG0802/WJOG4607L): A multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial. Lancet, 2022, 399(10335): 1607-1617.
6. Altorki N, Wang X, Kozono D, et al. Lobar or sublobar resection for peripheral stage ⅠA non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med, 2023, 388(6): 489-498.
7. Aokage K, Suzuki K, Saji H, et al. Segmentectomy for ground-glass-dominant lung cancer with a tumour diameter of 3 cm or less including ground-glass opacity (JCOG1211): A multicentre, single-arm, confirmatory, phase 3 trial. Lancet Respir Med, 2023, 11(6): 540-549.
8. Yotsukura M, Asamura H, Motoi N, et al. Long-term prognosis of patients with resected adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma of the lung. J Thorac Oncol, 2021, 16(8): 1312-1320.
9. Li D, Deng C, Wang S, et al. Ten-year follow-up of lung cancer patients with resected adenocarcinoma in situ or minimally invasive adenocarcinoma: Wedge resection is curative. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2022, 164(6): 1614-1622.
10. Wu Z, Huang Z, Qin Y, et al. Progress in three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction in anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy. Thorac Cancer, 2022, 13(13): 1881-1887.
11. Radermacher K, Portheine F, Anton M, et al. Computer assisted orthopaedic surgery with image based individual templates. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1998(354): 28-38.
12. Levesque JN, Shah A, Ekhtiari S, et al. Three-dimensional printing in orthopaedic surgery: A scoping review. EFORT Open Rev, 2020, 5(7): 430-441.
13. Skelley NW, Smith MJ, Ma R, et al. Three-dimensional printing technology in orthopaedics. J Am Acad Orthop Surg, 2019, 27(24): 918-925.
14. Lopez-Lopez V, Gomez-Perez B, de Vicente E, et al. Next-generation three-dimensional modelling software for personalized surgery decision-making in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: Multicentre study. Br J Surg, 2021, 108(12): e394-e395.
15. Felli E, Boleslawski E, Sommacale D, et al. Paradigm shift: Should preoperative 3D reconstruction models become mandatory before hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)? Results of a multicenter prospective trial. HPB (Oxford), 2023, 25(3): 293-300.
16. Liu Y, Meng S, Wei M, et al. Reconstruction of three-dimensional models for complex female pelvic tumors. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2022, 157(3): 747-749.
17. Porpiglia F, Checcucci E, Amparore D, et al. Three-dimensional augmented reality robot-assisted partial nephrectomy in case of complex tumours (PADUA ≥10): A new intraoperative tool overcoming the ultrasound guidance. Eur Urol, 2020, 78(2): 229-238.
18. Porpiglia F, Checcucci E, Amparore D, et al. Three-dimensional elastic augmented-reality robot-assisted radical prostatectomy using hyperaccuracy three-dimensional reconstruction technology: A step further in the identification of capsular involvement. Eur Urol, 2019, 76(4): 505-514.
19. Matsumoto T, Kanzaki M, Amiki M, et al. Comparison of three software programs for three-dimensional graphic imaging as contrasted with operative findings. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2012, 41(5): 1098-1103.
20. Li X, Zhang S, Luo X, et al. Accuracy and efficiency of an artificial intelligence-based pulmonary broncho-vascular three-dimensional reconstruction system supporting thoracic surgery: Retrospective and prospective validation study. EBioMedicine, 2023 Jan: 87: 104422.
21. Ardila D, Kiraly AP, Bharadwaj S, et al. End-to-end lung cancer screening with three-dimensional deep learning on low-dose chest computed tomography. Nat Med, 2019, 25(6): 954-961.
22. Luo Z H, Brubaker M A, Brudno M. Size and texture-based classification of lung tumors with 3D CNNs. 2017 IEEE winter conference on applications of computer vision (WACV). IEEE, 2017: 806-814.
23. Kalchiem-Dekel O, Connolly JG, Lin IH, et al. Shape-sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary parenchymal lesions. Chest, 2022, 161(2): 572-582.
24. Li C, Zheng B, Yu Q, et al. Augmented reality and 3-dimensional printing technologies for guiding complex thoracoscopic surgery. Ann Thorac Surg, 2021, 112(5): 1624-1631.
25. Sadeghi AH, Maat APWM, Taverne YJHJ, et al. Virtual reality and artificial intelligence for 3-dimensional planning of lung segmentectomies. JTCVS Tech, 2021, 7: 309-321.
26. Furumoto H, Shimada Y, Imai K, et al. Prognostic impact of the integration of volumetric quantification of the solid part of the tumor on 3DCT and FDG-PET imaging in clinical stage IA adenocarcinoma of the lung. Lung Cancer, 2018, 121: 91-96.
27. 陈勇, 吴俊, 陆世春等. 18F-FDG PET/CT联合CT三维重建在肺结节良恶性鉴别中的应用. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志: 1-7.
28. Kudo Y, Shimada Y, Matsubayashi J, et al. Artificial intelligence analysis of three-dimensional imaging data derives factors associated with postoperative recurrence in patients with radiologically solid-predominant small-sized lung cancers. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2022, 61(4): 751-760.
29. Kamiya S, Iwano S, Umakoshi H, et al. Computer-aided volumetry of part-solid lung cancers by using CT: Solid component size predicts prognosis. Radiology, 2018, 287(3): 1030-1040.
30. Sun Y, Li C, Jin L, et al. Radiomics for lung adenocarcinoma manifesting as pure ground-glass nodules: Invasive prediction. Eur Radiol, 2020, 30(7): 3650-3659.
31. Mehta AC, Hood KL, Schwarz Y, et al. The evolutional history of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy: State of the art. Chest, 2018, 154(4): 935-947.
32. Folch EE, Pritchett MA, Nead MA, et al. Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy for peripheral pulmonary lesions: One-year results of the prospective, multicenter NAVIGATE study. J Thorac Oncol, 2019, 14(3): 445-458.
33. Folch EE, Bowling MR, Pritchett MA, et al. NAVIGATE 24-month results: Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy for pulmonary lesions at 37 centers in Europe and the United States. J Thorac Oncol, 2022, 17(4): 519-531.
34. Chen AC, Pastis NJ, Mahajan AK, et al. Robotic bronchoscopy for peripheral pulmonary lesions: A multicenter pilot and feasibility study (BENEFIT). Chest, 2021, 159(2): 845-852.
35. Hagiwara M, Shimada Y, Kato Y, et al. High-quality 3-dimensional image simulation for pulmonary lobectomy and segmentectomy: Results of preoperative assessment of pulmonary vessels and short-term surgical outcomes in consecutive patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2014, 46(6): e120-e126.
36. Gossot D, Lutz JA, Grigoroiu M, et al. Unplanned procedures during thoracoscopic segmentectomies. Ann Thorac Surg, 2017, 104(5): 1710-1717.
37. Chen-Yoshikawa TF, Date H. Update on three-dimensional image reconstruction for preoperative simulation in thoracic surgery. J Thorac Dis, 2016, 8(Suppl 3): S295-S301.
38. 姜宗来, 于伟勇, 张炎. 主编. 胸心外科临床解剖学. 济南: 山东科学技术出版社, 2010. 118-124.
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