Research Progress of High Risk Factors and Diagnosis in Primary Carcinoma of Gallbladder_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

 XUSong ¹ ,  CAONong ²

1. The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China;
2. Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China;

Corresponding author：

CAONong, Email: caonong1955@163.com

Keywords：

Primary carcinoma of gallbladder; High risk factor; Early diagnosis

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.20140028

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To understand the advance in research of high risk factors and diagnosis in primary carci-noma of gallbladder. Methods The literatures at home and abroad during recent years were reviewed, and the research progress of high risk factors and inchoate diagnosis about primary gallbladder carcinoma were summarized. Results Cholecystolithiasis, cholecystitis, and other factors have a certain correlation with primary gallbladder carcinoma.The rate of early diagnosis of primary gallbladder carcinoma can be enhanced through the detailed history taking and physical examination, supplemented by a variety of imaging examination methods, and molecular biological technologies. Conclusion It can enhance the rate of early diagnosis of primary gallbladder carcinoma that understand the risk factors and master various methods for early diagnosis of carcinoma of gallbladder.

Citation： XUSong, CAONong. Research Progress of High Risk Factors and Diagnosis in Primary Carcinoma of Gallbladder. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2014, 21(1): 121-125. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.20140028 Copy

1.	Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A.Cancer statistics, 2013[J].CA Cancer J Clin, 2013, 63(1):11-30.
2.	Witjes CD, van den Akker SA, Visser O, et al.Gallbladder cancer in the netherlands:incidence, treatment and survival patterns since 1989[J].Dig Surg, 2012, 29(2):92-98.
3.	Stinton LM, Shaffer EA.Epidemiology of gallbladder disease:cholelithiasis and cancer[J].Gut Liver, 2012, 6(2):172-187.
4.	Glauser PM, Strub D, Kaser SA, et al.Incidence, management, and outcome of incidental gallbladder carcinoma:analysis of the database of the Swiss association of laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery[J].Surg Endosc, 2010, 24(9):2281-2286.
5.	Pilgrim CH, Groeschl RT, Christians KK, et al.Modern perspe-ctives on factors predisposing to the development of gallbladder cancer[J].HPB (Oxford), 2013 Jan 18.[Epub ahead of print].
6.	Hsing AW, Gao YT, Han TQ, et al.Gallstones and the risk of biliary tract cancer:a population-based study in China[J].Br J Cancer, 2007, 97(11):1577-1582.
7.	Tewari M, Mishra RR, Shukla HS.Salmonella typhi and gallbl-adder cancer:report from an endemic region[J].Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int, 2010, 9(5):524-530.
8.	石景森, 孙学军.原发性胆囊癌诊治的历史、现状及展望[J].西安交通大学学报:医学版, 2007, 28(5):473-478.
9.	石景森, 刘刚.胆囊癌与胆囊结石的相关研究[J].实用肿瘤杂志, 2005, 20(1):10-11.
10.	Mathur SK, Duhan A, Singh S, et al.Correlation of gallstone characteristics with mucosal changes in gall bladder[J].Trop Gastroenterol, 2012, 33(1):39-44.
11.	Roa I, Arava JC, Villaseca M, et al.Preneoplastie lesions and gallbladder cancer:an estimate of the period require for progression[J].Gastroenterology, 1996, 111(31):232-236.
12.	Vitetta L, Sali A, Little P, et al.Gallstones and gallbladder carci-noma[J].Aust NZ J Surg, 2000, 70(9):667-673.
13.	Cairns V, Neal CP, Dennison AR, et al.Risk and cost-effectiveness of surveillance followed by cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyps[J].Arch Surg, 2012, 147(12):1078-1083.
14.	于岚, 何小东, 武峤.胆囊癌发生相关危险因素的探讨[J].中华消化外科杂志, 2012, 11(5):433-436.
15.	Roa I, Ibacaehe G, Roa J, et al.Gallstones and gallbladder cancer volume and weight of gallstones are associated with gallbladder cancer:a ease-control study[J].J Surg Oneol, 2006, 93(6):624-628.
16.	Maurer KJ, Carey MC, Fox JG.Roles of infection, inflammation, and the immune system in cholesterol gallstone formation[J].Gastroenterology, 2009, 136(2):425-440.
17.	Vilkin A, Nudelman I, Morgenstern S, et al.Gallbladder inflammation is associated with increase in mucin expression and pigme-nted stone formation[J].Dig Dis Sci, 2007, 52(7):1613-1620.
18.	杨竹林, 兰思根, 付汐, 等.胆囊癌及其良性病变组织中CC13及其受体表达的临床病理意义[J].中华肝胆外科杂志, 2009, 15(1):25-27.
19.	Han HS, Chol JY, Yoon YS, et al.Preoperative inflammation is a prognostic factor for gallbladder carcinoma[J].Br J Surg, 2011, 98(1):111-116.
20.	张毅, 张积华, 袁梅, 等.胆囊小隆起性病变的临床病理学特点与超声诊断的对比[J].世界华人消化杂志, 2010, 18(25):2707-2711.
21.	张兴, 范一宏, 吕宾.胆囊胆固醇性息肉的发病机制和诊治进展[J].胃肠病学, 2012, 17(1):47-49.
22.	Morera-Ocón FJ, Ballestín-Vicente J, Calatayud-Blas AM, et al.Surgical indications in gallbladder polyps[J].Cir Esp, 2013, 91(5):324-30.
23.	Lee SH, Lee DS, You IY, et al.Histopathologic analysis of adenoma and adenoma-related lesions of the gallbladder[J].Korean J Gastroenterol, 2010, 55(2):119-126.
24.	张林, 邹声泉.胆囊腺瘤-腺癌中的DNA含量和基因表达[J].中华肝胆外科杂志, 2004, 10(7):460-462.
25.	Oolani T, Shirai Y, Tsukada K, et al.Relationship between gallbladder carcinoma and the segmental type of adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder[J].Cancer, 1992, 69(11):2647-2652.
26.	Kamisawa T, Anjiki H, Egawa N, et al.Diagnosis and clinical implications of pancreatobiliary reflux[J].World J Gastroenterol, 2008, 14(43):6622-6626.
27.	Chijiiwa K, Tanaka M, Nakayama F.Adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder associated with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction[J].Am Surg, 1993, 59(7):430-434.
28.	Hasumi A, Sugaya H, Aoki H, et al.pancreaticobiliary maljunction and biliary duct cancer[J].Bil tract Pancr, 1995, 16(8):753-757.
29.	Takuma K, Kamisawa T, Tabata T, et al.Importance of early diagnosis of pancreaticobiliary maljunction without biliary dilatation[J].World J Gastroenterol, 2012, 18(26):3409-3414.
30.	Funabiki T, Sugiue K, Matsubara T, et al.Bile acids and biliary carcinoma in pancreaticobiliary maljunction[J].Keio J Med, 1991, 40(3):118-122.
31.	乐问津, 丁佑铭, 易佐慧子.胆囊息肉样病变恶变危险因素的Meta分析[J].临床肝胆病杂志, 2011, 27(9):934-938, 943.
32.	Jain K, Sreenivas V, Velpandian T, et al.Risk factors for gallbladder cancer:A case-control study[J].Int J Cancer, 2013, 132(7):1660-1666.
33.	Nasu Y, Tanaka E, Hirano S, et al.The prognosis after curative resection of gallbladder cancer with hilar invasion is similar to that of hilar cholangiocarcinoma[J].J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci, 2012, 19(3):274-280.
34.	Mou Y, Xing R, Liu C.Diagnosis of gallbladder cancer using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight profiling[J].Am J Med Sci, 2012, 343(2):119-123.
35.	Tan Y, Ma SY, Wang FQ, et al.Proteomic-based analysis for identification of potential serum biomarkers in gallbladder cancer[J].Oncol Rep, 2011, 26(4):853-859.
36.	Meng H, Wang X, Fong Y, et al.Outcomes of radical surgery for gallbladder cancer patients with lymphatic metastases[J].Jpn J Clin Oncol, 2011, 41(8):992-998.
37.	Brown KM, Geller DA.Porcelain gallbladder and risk of gallbla-dder cancer[J].Arch Surg, 2011, 146(10):1148.
38.	Liu B, Balkwill A, Roddam A, et al.Separate and joint effects of alcohol and smoking on the risks of cirrhosis and gallbladder disease in middle-aged women[J].Am J Epidemiol, 2009, 169(2):153-160.
39.	陈炯, 杜敏.胆囊癌病因学研究进展[J].临床误诊误治, 2007, 23(3):6-8.
40.	张学宏, 高玉堂, 邓杰, 等.饮食与胆囊癌关系的流行病学研究[J].肿瘤, 2005, 25(4):351-356.
41.	Chang CK, Astrakianakis G, Thomas DB, et al.Risks of biliary tract cancer and occupational exposures among Shanghai women textile workers:a case-cohort study[J].Am J Ind Med, 2006, 49(8):690-698.
42.	耿金宏, 袁金凤, 吴鸣.胆囊癌流行分布及高危因素探讨[J].研究临床和实验医学杂志, 2012, 11(16):1336-1337.
43.	Wang F, Wang B, Qiao L.Association between obesity and gallb-ladder cancer[J].Frontiers in bioscience:a journal and virtual library, 2012, 17:2550-2558.
44.	Schnelldorfer T.Porcelain gallbladder:a benign process or concern for malignancy?[J].J Gastrointest Surg, 2013, 17(6):1161-1168.
45.	刘忠, 高政南, 刘畅.2型糖尿病患者高发胆囊息肉样病变原因分析[J].临床消化病杂志, 2007, 19(5):325-326.
46.	曹泽伟, 李方儒, 白景文, 等.糖尿病胆囊超微结构的改变[J].天津医学, 2004, 32(7):421.
47.	Yarmenitis SD.Ultrasound of the gallbladder and the biliary tree[J].Eur Radiol, 2002, 12(2):270-282.
48.	Xie XH, Xu HX, Xie XY, et al.Differential diagnosis between benign and malignant gallbladder diseases with real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound[J].Eur Radiol, 2010, 20(1):239-248.
49.	Zeno Spârchez, Pompilia Radu.Role of CEUS in the diagnosis of gallbladder disease[J].Med Ultrason, 2012, 14(4):326-330.
50.	Ijin Joo, Jae Young Lee, Jung Hoon Kim, et al.Differentiation of adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder from early-stage, wall-thic-kening-type gallbladder cancer using high-resolution ultrasound[J].Eur Radiol, 2013, 23(3):730-738.
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1. Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A.Cancer statistics, 2013[J].CA Cancer J Clin, 2013, 63(1):11-30.
2. Witjes CD, van den Akker SA, Visser O, et al.Gallbladder cancer in the netherlands:incidence, treatment and survival patterns since 1989[J].Dig Surg, 2012, 29(2):92-98.
3. Stinton LM, Shaffer EA.Epidemiology of gallbladder disease:cholelithiasis and cancer[J].Gut Liver, 2012, 6(2):172-187.
4. Glauser PM, Strub D, Kaser SA, et al.Incidence, management, and outcome of incidental gallbladder carcinoma:analysis of the database of the Swiss association of laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery[J].Surg Endosc, 2010, 24(9):2281-2286.
5. Pilgrim CH, Groeschl RT, Christians KK, et al.Modern perspe-ctives on factors predisposing to the development of gallbladder cancer[J].HPB (Oxford), 2013 Jan 18.[Epub ahead of print].
6. Hsing AW, Gao YT, Han TQ, et al.Gallstones and the risk of biliary tract cancer:a population-based study in China[J].Br J Cancer, 2007, 97(11):1577-1582.
7. Tewari M, Mishra RR, Shukla HS.Salmonella typhi and gallbl-adder cancer:report from an endemic region[J].Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int, 2010, 9(5):524-530.
8. 石景森, 孙学军.原发性胆囊癌诊治的历史、现状及展望[J].西安交通大学学报:医学版, 2007, 28(5):473-478.
9. 石景森, 刘刚.胆囊癌与胆囊结石的相关研究[J].实用肿瘤杂志, 2005, 20(1):10-11.
10. Mathur SK, Duhan A, Singh S, et al.Correlation of gallstone characteristics with mucosal changes in gall bladder[J].Trop Gastroenterol, 2012, 33(1):39-44.
11. Roa I, Arava JC, Villaseca M, et al.Preneoplastie lesions and gallbladder cancer:an estimate of the period require for progression[J].Gastroenterology, 1996, 111(31):232-236.
12. Vitetta L, Sali A, Little P, et al.Gallstones and gallbladder carci-noma[J].Aust NZ J Surg, 2000, 70(9):667-673.
13. Cairns V, Neal CP, Dennison AR, et al.Risk and cost-effectiveness of surveillance followed by cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyps[J].Arch Surg, 2012, 147(12):1078-1083.
14. 于岚, 何小东, 武峤.胆囊癌发生相关危险因素的探讨[J].中华消化外科杂志, 2012, 11(5):433-436.
15. Roa I, Ibacaehe G, Roa J, et al.Gallstones and gallbladder cancer volume and weight of gallstones are associated with gallbladder cancer:a ease-control study[J].J Surg Oneol, 2006, 93(6):624-628.
16. Maurer KJ, Carey MC, Fox JG.Roles of infection, inflammation, and the immune system in cholesterol gallstone formation[J].Gastroenterology, 2009, 136(2):425-440.
17. Vilkin A, Nudelman I, Morgenstern S, et al.Gallbladder inflammation is associated with increase in mucin expression and pigme-nted stone formation[J].Dig Dis Sci, 2007, 52(7):1613-1620.
18. 杨竹林, 兰思根, 付汐, 等.胆囊癌及其良性病变组织中CC13及其受体表达的临床病理意义[J].中华肝胆外科杂志, 2009, 15(1):25-27.
19. Han HS, Chol JY, Yoon YS, et al.Preoperative inflammation is a prognostic factor for gallbladder carcinoma[J].Br J Surg, 2011, 98(1):111-116.
20. 张毅, 张积华, 袁梅, 等.胆囊小隆起性病变的临床病理学特点与超声诊断的对比[J].世界华人消化杂志, 2010, 18(25):2707-2711.
21. 张兴, 范一宏, 吕宾.胆囊胆固醇性息肉的发病机制和诊治进展[J].胃肠病学, 2012, 17(1):47-49.
22. Morera-Ocón FJ, Ballestín-Vicente J, Calatayud-Blas AM, et al.Surgical indications in gallbladder polyps[J].Cir Esp, 2013, 91(5):324-30.
23. Lee SH, Lee DS, You IY, et al.Histopathologic analysis of adenoma and adenoma-related lesions of the gallbladder[J].Korean J Gastroenterol, 2010, 55(2):119-126.
24. 张林, 邹声泉.胆囊腺瘤-腺癌中的DNA含量和基因表达[J].中华肝胆外科杂志, 2004, 10(7):460-462.
25. Oolani T, Shirai Y, Tsukada K, et al.Relationship between gallbladder carcinoma and the segmental type of adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder[J].Cancer, 1992, 69(11):2647-2652.
26. Kamisawa T, Anjiki H, Egawa N, et al.Diagnosis and clinical implications of pancreatobiliary reflux[J].World J Gastroenterol, 2008, 14(43):6622-6626.
27. Chijiiwa K, Tanaka M, Nakayama F.Adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder associated with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction[J].Am Surg, 1993, 59(7):430-434.
28. Hasumi A, Sugaya H, Aoki H, et al.pancreaticobiliary maljunction and biliary duct cancer[J].Bil tract Pancr, 1995, 16(8):753-757.
29. Takuma K, Kamisawa T, Tabata T, et al.Importance of early diagnosis of pancreaticobiliary maljunction without biliary dilatation[J].World J Gastroenterol, 2012, 18(26):3409-3414.
30. Funabiki T, Sugiue K, Matsubara T, et al.Bile acids and biliary carcinoma in pancreaticobiliary maljunction[J].Keio J Med, 1991, 40(3):118-122.
31. 乐问津, 丁佑铭, 易佐慧子.胆囊息肉样病变恶变危险因素的Meta分析[J].临床肝胆病杂志, 2011, 27(9):934-938, 943.
32. Jain K, Sreenivas V, Velpandian T, et al.Risk factors for gallbladder cancer:A case-control study[J].Int J Cancer, 2013, 132(7):1660-1666.
33. Nasu Y, Tanaka E, Hirano S, et al.The prognosis after curative resection of gallbladder cancer with hilar invasion is similar to that of hilar cholangiocarcinoma[J].J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci, 2012, 19(3):274-280.
34. Mou Y, Xing R, Liu C.Diagnosis of gallbladder cancer using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight profiling[J].Am J Med Sci, 2012, 343(2):119-123.
35. Tan Y, Ma SY, Wang FQ, et al.Proteomic-based analysis for identification of potential serum biomarkers in gallbladder cancer[J].Oncol Rep, 2011, 26(4):853-859.
36. Meng H, Wang X, Fong Y, et al.Outcomes of radical surgery for gallbladder cancer patients with lymphatic metastases[J].Jpn J Clin Oncol, 2011, 41(8):992-998.
37. Brown KM, Geller DA.Porcelain gallbladder and risk of gallbla-dder cancer[J].Arch Surg, 2011, 146(10):1148.
38. Liu B, Balkwill A, Roddam A, et al.Separate and joint effects of alcohol and smoking on the risks of cirrhosis and gallbladder disease in middle-aged women[J].Am J Epidemiol, 2009, 169(2):153-160.
39. 陈炯, 杜敏.胆囊癌病因学研究进展[J].临床误诊误治, 2007, 23(3):6-8.
40. 张学宏, 高玉堂, 邓杰, 等.饮食与胆囊癌关系的流行病学研究[J].肿瘤, 2005, 25(4):351-356.
41. Chang CK, Astrakianakis G, Thomas DB, et al.Risks of biliary tract cancer and occupational exposures among Shanghai women textile workers:a case-cohort study[J].Am J Ind Med, 2006, 49(8):690-698.
42. 耿金宏, 袁金凤, 吴鸣.胆囊癌流行分布及高危因素探讨[J].研究临床和实验医学杂志, 2012, 11(16):1336-1337.
43. Wang F, Wang B, Qiao L.Association between obesity and gallb-ladder cancer[J].Frontiers in bioscience:a journal and virtual library, 2012, 17:2550-2558.
44. Schnelldorfer T.Porcelain gallbladder:a benign process or concern for malignancy?[J].J Gastrointest Surg, 2013, 17(6):1161-1168.
45. 刘忠, 高政南, 刘畅.2型糖尿病患者高发胆囊息肉样病变原因分析[J].临床消化病杂志, 2007, 19(5):325-326.
46. 曹泽伟, 李方儒, 白景文, 等.糖尿病胆囊超微结构的改变[J].天津医学, 2004, 32(7):421.
47. Yarmenitis SD.Ultrasound of the gallbladder and the biliary tree[J].Eur Radiol, 2002, 12(2):270-282.
48. Xie XH, Xu HX, Xie XY, et al.Differential diagnosis between benign and malignant gallbladder diseases with real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound[J].Eur Radiol, 2010, 20(1):239-248.
49. Zeno Spârchez, Pompilia Radu.Role of CEUS in the diagnosis of gallbladder disease[J].Med Ultrason, 2012, 14(4):326-330.
50. Ijin Joo, Jae Young Lee, Jung Hoon Kim, et al.Differentiation of adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder from early-stage, wall-thic-kening-type gallbladder cancer using high-resolution ultrasound[J].Eur Radiol, 2013, 23(3):730-738.
51. Mishra G, Conway JD.Endoscopic ultrasound in the evaluation of radiologic abnormalities of the liver and biliary tree[J].Curr Gastroenterol Rep, 2009, 11(2):150-154.
52. Li B, Xu XX, Du Y, et al.Computed tomography for assessing resectability of gallbladder carcinoma:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Clinical Imaging, 2013, 37(2):327-333.
53. Tan CH, Lim KS.MRI of gallbladder cancer[J].Diagn Interv Radiol, 2013, 19(4):312-319.
54. Hsu M, Sasaki M, Igarashi S, et al.KRAS and GNAS mutations and p53 overexpression in biliary intraepithelial neoplasia and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas[J].Cancer, 2013, 119(9):1669-1674.
55. Kumari N, Kapoor VK, Krishnani N, et al.Role of C-erbB2 expression in gallbladder cancer[J].Indian J Pathol Microbiol, 2012, 55(1):75-79.
56. Ghosh M, Sakhuja P, Singh S, et al.p53 and beta-catenin expr-ession in gallbladder tissues and correlation with tumor progression in gallbladder cancer[J].Saudi J Gastroenterol, 2013, 19(1):34-39.
57. Rai R, Sharma KL, Tiwari S, et al.DCC (deleted in colorectal carcinoma) gene variants confer increased susceptibility to gallbl-adder cancer (Ref.No.:Gene-D-12-01446)[J].Gene, 2013, 518(2):303-309.
58. 朱亚青, 张盛, 许锁保, 等.胆囊癌中TβRⅠ与细胞增殖及细胞周期的关系[J].肝胆胰外科杂志, 2009, 21(5):344-346, 349.
59. 程邦君, 赵登秋, 邬叶锋, 等.WWOX抑癌基因和Nrf2转录因子在胆囊癌组织中的表达及相关性研究[J].中华临床医师杂志, 2012, 6(9):68-72.
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