Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia of Liver: A Case Report and Review of The Literatures_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

 RANXun , XIESi-ming , WANGXing , CAIYun-qiang ,  LIUXu-bao

Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China;

Corresponding author：

LIUXu-bao, Email: xbliu@medmail.com.cn

Keywords：

Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of liver; Pseudolymphoma; Nodular lymphoid lesion; Diagnosis; Treatment

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.20140175

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Objective To study the clinical manifestation, radiographic characteristics, and treatments of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia(RLH) of liver. Methods The clinical data and treatment process of 1 patient with RLH of liver in our hospital was analyzed retrospectively, and the other 49 cases reported in English literature were reviewed. Results There were 33 pieces of case reports found in PubMed database. For all 50 patients, there were 45 female(90%) and 5 male(10%) patients, and the mean age was(57.6±14.0) years(15-85 years). Only 8 patients(16%) were discovered with multiple mass, the rest of them were solitary mass(84%). Of the 50 patients, 6 patients(12%) were discovered because of bellyache, 2 patients(4%) were discovered during operation, 2 patients(4%) were discovered by pathological examination after liver transplantation, 1 patient(2%) was discovered during autopsy, 39 patients were discovered during examination or reexamination. The tumors were located in the right lobe for 25 patients(50%), in the left lobe for 15 patients(30%), in the both lobes for 4 patients(8%), and in the caudal lobe for 1 patient(2%), while 5 cases(10%) were not given in the articles. Eleven patients(22%) had the history of malignancy, 15 patients(30%) were concomitant with autoimmune disease, and 5 patients(10%) were concomitant with virus hepatitis infection. Thirty-six patients(72%) were diagnosed as malignancy preoperatively, and 43 patients(86%) underwent surgical resection. Conclusions RLH of liver is an extremely rare and benign condition which presents a female predilection and often concomitants with autoimmune disease and history of malignancy. Considering the risk of malignant transformation, surgical resection is recommended and further researches are necessary for better understanding of this disease.

Citation： RANXun, XIESi-ming, WANGXing, CAIYun-qiang, LIUXu-bao. Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia of Liver: A Case Report and Review of The Literatures. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2014, 21(6): 741-745. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.20140175 Copy

1.	Isobe H, Sakamoto S, Sakai H, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver[J].J Clin Gastroenterol, 1993, 16(3):240-244.
2.	Snover DC, Filipovich AH, Dehner LP, et al.‘Pseudolymphoma’.A case associated with primary immunodeficiency disease and polyglandular failure syndrome[J].Arch Pathol Lab Med, 1981, 105(1):46-49.
3.	Grouls V.Pseudolymphoma (inflammatory pseudotumor) of the liver[J].Zentralbl Allg Pathol, 1987, 133(6):565-568.
4.	Ohtsu T, Sasaki Y, Tanizaki H, et al.Development of pseudolymphoma of liver following interferon-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis B[J].Intern Med, 1994, 33(1):18-22.
5.	Katayanagi K, Terada T, Nakanuma Y, et al.A case of pseudolymphoma of the liver[J].Pathol Int, 1994, 44(9):704-711.
6.	Tanizawa T, Eishi Y, Kamiyama R, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver characterized by an angiofollicular pattern mimicking Castleman's disease[J].Pathol Int, 1996, 46(10):782-786.
7.	Kim SR, Hayashi Y, Kang KB, et al.A case of pseudolymphoma of the liver with chronic hepatitis C[J].J Hepatol, 1997, 26(1):209-214.
8.	Nagano K, Fukuda Y, Nakano I, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of liver coexisting with chronic thyroiditis:radiographical characteristics of the disorder[J].J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1999, 14(2):163-167.
9.	Sharifi S, Murphy M, Loda M, et al.Nodular lymphoid lesion of the liver:an immune-mediated disorder mimicking low-grade malignant lymphoma[J].Am J Surg Pathol, 1999, 23(3):302-308.
10.	Okubo H, Maekawa H, Ogawa K, et al.Pseudolymphoma of the liver associated with Sjögren's syndrome[J].Scand J Rheumatol, 2001, 30(2):117-119.
11.	Pantanowitz L, Saldinger PF, Kadin ME.Pathologic quiz case:hepatic mass in a patient with renal cell carcinoma[J].Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2001, 125(4):577-578.
12.	Maehara N, Chijiiwa K, Makino I, et al.Segmentectomy for reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:report of a case[J].Surg Today, 2006, 36(11):1019-1023.
13.	Ota H, Isoda N, Sunada F, et al.A case of hepatic pseudolymphoma observed without surgical intervention[J].Hepatol Res, 2006, 35(4):296-301.
14.	Sato K, Ueda Y, Yokoi M, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver in a patient with multiple carcinomas:a case report and brief review[J].J Clin Pathol, 2006, 59(9):990-992.
15.	Takahashi H, Sawai H, Matsuo Y, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver in a patient with colon cancer:report of two cases[J].BMC Gastroenterol, 2006, 6:25.
16.	Willenbrock K, Kriener S, Oeschger S, et al.Nodular lymphoid lesion of the liver with simultaneous focal nodular hyperplasia and hemangioma:discrimination from primary hepatic MALT-type non-Hodgkin's lymphoma[J].Virchows Arch, 2006, 448(2):223-227.
17.	Matsumoto N, Ogawa M, Kawabata M, et al.Pseudolymphoma of the liver:sonographic findings and review of the literature[J].J Clin Ultrasound, 2007, 35(5):284-288.
18.	Jiménez R, Beguiristain A, Ruiz-Montesinos I, et al.Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver.Pseudolymphoma[J].Cir Esp, 2007, 82(4):241-243.
19.	Machida T, Takahashi T, Itoh T, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:a case report and review of literature[J].World J Gastroenterol, 2007, 13(40):5403-5407.
20.	Park HS, Jang KY, Kim YK, et al.Histiocyte-rich reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:unusual morphologic features[J].J Korean Med Sci, 2008, 23(1):156-160.
21.	Lin E.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver identified by FDG PET[J].Clin Nucl Med, 2008, 33(6):419-420.
22.	Okada T, Mibayashi H, Hasatani K, et al.Pseudolymphoma of the liver associated with primary biliary cirrhosis:a case report and review of literature[J].World J Gastroenterol, 2009, 15(36):4587-4592.
23.	Zen Y, Fujii T, Nakanuma Y.Hepatic pseudolymphoma:a clinicopathological study of five cases and review of the literature[J].Mod Pathol, 2010, 23(2):244-250.
24.	Fukuo Y, Shibuya T, Fukumura Y, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver associated with primary biliary cirrhosis[J].Med Sci Monit, 2010, 16(7):CS81-CS86.
25.	Domínguez-Pérez AD, Castell-Monsalve J.Pseudolymphoma of the liver.Contribution of double-contrast magnetic resonance imaging[J].Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2010, 33(7):512-516.
26.	Hayashi M, Yonetani N, Hirokawa F, et al.An operative case of hepatic pseudolymphoma difficult to differentiate from primary hepatic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue[J].World J Surg Oncol, 2011, 9:3.
27.	Kobayashi A, Oda T, Fukunaga K, et al.MR imaging of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver[J].J Gastrointest Surg, 2011, 15(7):1282-1285.
28.	Osame A, Fujimitsu R, Ida M, et al.Multinodular pseudolymphoma of the liver:computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings[J].Jpn J Radiol, 2011, 29(7):524-527.
29.	Marchetti C, Manci N, Di Maurizio M, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of liver mimicking late ovarian cancer recurrence:case report and literature review[J].Int J Clin Oncol, 2011, 16(6):714-717.
30.	Yoshikawa K, Konisi M, Kinoshita T, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:literature review and 3 case reports[J].Hepatogastroenterology, 2011, 58(109):1349-1353.
31.	Yuan L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:a clinicopathological study of 7 cases[J].HPB Surg, 2012, 2012:357694.
32.	Nonomura A, Minato H, Shimizu K, et al.Pseudolymphoma (reactive lymphoid hyperplasia) of the liver containing epithelioid cell granulomas and schaumann's bodies in giant cells:a case report[J].Int J Surg Pathol, 1998, 6(2):101-108.
33.	Tuckett J, Hudson M, White S, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:a case report and review of imaging characteristics[J].Eur J Radiol Extra, 2011, 79(1):e11-e14.
34.	Tokunaga O, Watanabe T, Morimatsu M.Pseudolymphoma of the stomach.A clinicopathologic study of 15 cases[J].Cancer, 1987, 59(7):1320-1327.
35.	Abbondanzo SL, Rush W, Bijwaard KE, et al.Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the lung:a clinicopathologic study of 14 cases[J].Am J Surg Pathol, 2000, 24(4):587-597.
36.	Baldassano MF, Bailey EM, Ferry JA, et al.Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia and cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma:comparison of morphologic and immunophenotypic features[J].Am J Surg Pathol, 1999, 23(1):88-96.
37.	Knowles DM, Jakobiec FA, Mcnally L, et al.Lymphoid hyperplasia and malignant lymphoma occurring in the ocular adnexa (orbit, conjunctiva, and eyelids):a prospective multiparametric analysis of 108 cases during 1977 to 1987[J].Hum Pathol, 1990, 21(9):959-973.
38.	Mizukami Y, Ikuta N, Hashimoto T, et al.Pseudolymphoma of the thyroid[J].Acta Pathol Jpn, 1988, 38(10):1329-1336.
39.	Schwartz MS, Sherman H, Smith T, et al.Gastric pseudolymphoma and its relationship to malignant gastric lymphoma[J].Am J Gastroenterol, 1989, 84(12):1555-1559.

1. Isobe H, Sakamoto S, Sakai H, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver[J].J Clin Gastroenterol, 1993, 16(3):240-244.
2. Snover DC, Filipovich AH, Dehner LP, et al.‘Pseudolymphoma’.A case associated with primary immunodeficiency disease and polyglandular failure syndrome[J].Arch Pathol Lab Med, 1981, 105(1):46-49.
3. Grouls V.Pseudolymphoma (inflammatory pseudotumor) of the liver[J].Zentralbl Allg Pathol, 1987, 133(6):565-568.
4. Ohtsu T, Sasaki Y, Tanizaki H, et al.Development of pseudolymphoma of liver following interferon-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis B[J].Intern Med, 1994, 33(1):18-22.
5. Katayanagi K, Terada T, Nakanuma Y, et al.A case of pseudolymphoma of the liver[J].Pathol Int, 1994, 44(9):704-711.
6. Tanizawa T, Eishi Y, Kamiyama R, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver characterized by an angiofollicular pattern mimicking Castleman's disease[J].Pathol Int, 1996, 46(10):782-786.
7. Kim SR, Hayashi Y, Kang KB, et al.A case of pseudolymphoma of the liver with chronic hepatitis C[J].J Hepatol, 1997, 26(1):209-214.
8. Nagano K, Fukuda Y, Nakano I, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of liver coexisting with chronic thyroiditis:radiographical characteristics of the disorder[J].J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1999, 14(2):163-167.
9. Sharifi S, Murphy M, Loda M, et al.Nodular lymphoid lesion of the liver:an immune-mediated disorder mimicking low-grade malignant lymphoma[J].Am J Surg Pathol, 1999, 23(3):302-308.
10. Okubo H, Maekawa H, Ogawa K, et al.Pseudolymphoma of the liver associated with Sjögren's syndrome[J].Scand J Rheumatol, 2001, 30(2):117-119.
11. Pantanowitz L, Saldinger PF, Kadin ME.Pathologic quiz case:hepatic mass in a patient with renal cell carcinoma[J].Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2001, 125(4):577-578.
12. Maehara N, Chijiiwa K, Makino I, et al.Segmentectomy for reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:report of a case[J].Surg Today, 2006, 36(11):1019-1023.
13. Ota H, Isoda N, Sunada F, et al.A case of hepatic pseudolymphoma observed without surgical intervention[J].Hepatol Res, 2006, 35(4):296-301.
14. Sato K, Ueda Y, Yokoi M, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver in a patient with multiple carcinomas:a case report and brief review[J].J Clin Pathol, 2006, 59(9):990-992.
15. Takahashi H, Sawai H, Matsuo Y, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver in a patient with colon cancer:report of two cases[J].BMC Gastroenterol, 2006, 6:25.
16. Willenbrock K, Kriener S, Oeschger S, et al.Nodular lymphoid lesion of the liver with simultaneous focal nodular hyperplasia and hemangioma:discrimination from primary hepatic MALT-type non-Hodgkin's lymphoma[J].Virchows Arch, 2006, 448(2):223-227.
17. Matsumoto N, Ogawa M, Kawabata M, et al.Pseudolymphoma of the liver:sonographic findings and review of the literature[J].J Clin Ultrasound, 2007, 35(5):284-288.
18. Jiménez R, Beguiristain A, Ruiz-Montesinos I, et al.Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver.Pseudolymphoma[J].Cir Esp, 2007, 82(4):241-243.
19. Machida T, Takahashi T, Itoh T, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:a case report and review of literature[J].World J Gastroenterol, 2007, 13(40):5403-5407.
20. Park HS, Jang KY, Kim YK, et al.Histiocyte-rich reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:unusual morphologic features[J].J Korean Med Sci, 2008, 23(1):156-160.
21. Lin E.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver identified by FDG PET[J].Clin Nucl Med, 2008, 33(6):419-420.
22. Okada T, Mibayashi H, Hasatani K, et al.Pseudolymphoma of the liver associated with primary biliary cirrhosis:a case report and review of literature[J].World J Gastroenterol, 2009, 15(36):4587-4592.
23. Zen Y, Fujii T, Nakanuma Y.Hepatic pseudolymphoma:a clinicopathological study of five cases and review of the literature[J].Mod Pathol, 2010, 23(2):244-250.
24. Fukuo Y, Shibuya T, Fukumura Y, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver associated with primary biliary cirrhosis[J].Med Sci Monit, 2010, 16(7):CS81-CS86.
25. Domínguez-Pérez AD, Castell-Monsalve J.Pseudolymphoma of the liver.Contribution of double-contrast magnetic resonance imaging[J].Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2010, 33(7):512-516.
26. Hayashi M, Yonetani N, Hirokawa F, et al.An operative case of hepatic pseudolymphoma difficult to differentiate from primary hepatic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue[J].World J Surg Oncol, 2011, 9:3.
27. Kobayashi A, Oda T, Fukunaga K, et al.MR imaging of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver[J].J Gastrointest Surg, 2011, 15(7):1282-1285.
28. Osame A, Fujimitsu R, Ida M, et al.Multinodular pseudolymphoma of the liver:computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings[J].Jpn J Radiol, 2011, 29(7):524-527.
29. Marchetti C, Manci N, Di Maurizio M, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of liver mimicking late ovarian cancer recurrence:case report and literature review[J].Int J Clin Oncol, 2011, 16(6):714-717.
30. Yoshikawa K, Konisi M, Kinoshita T, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:literature review and 3 case reports[J].Hepatogastroenterology, 2011, 58(109):1349-1353.
31. Yuan L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:a clinicopathological study of 7 cases[J].HPB Surg, 2012, 2012:357694.
32. Nonomura A, Minato H, Shimizu K, et al.Pseudolymphoma (reactive lymphoid hyperplasia) of the liver containing epithelioid cell granulomas and schaumann's bodies in giant cells:a case report[J].Int J Surg Pathol, 1998, 6(2):101-108.
33. Tuckett J, Hudson M, White S, et al.Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver:a case report and review of imaging characteristics[J].Eur J Radiol Extra, 2011, 79(1):e11-e14.
34. Tokunaga O, Watanabe T, Morimatsu M.Pseudolymphoma of the stomach.A clinicopathologic study of 15 cases[J].Cancer, 1987, 59(7):1320-1327.
35. Abbondanzo SL, Rush W, Bijwaard KE, et al.Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the lung:a clinicopathologic study of 14 cases[J].Am J Surg Pathol, 2000, 24(4):587-597.
36. Baldassano MF, Bailey EM, Ferry JA, et al.Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia and cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma:comparison of morphologic and immunophenotypic features[J].Am J Surg Pathol, 1999, 23(1):88-96.
37. Knowles DM, Jakobiec FA, Mcnally L, et al.Lymphoid hyperplasia and malignant lymphoma occurring in the ocular adnexa (orbit, conjunctiva, and eyelids):a prospective multiparametric analysis of 108 cases during 1977 to 1987[J].Hum Pathol, 1990, 21(9):959-973.
38. Mizukami Y, Ikuta N, Hashimoto T, et al.Pseudolymphoma of the thyroid[J].Acta Pathol Jpn, 1988, 38(10):1329-1336.
39. Schwartz MS, Sherman H, Smith T, et al.Gastric pseudolymphoma and its relationship to malignant gastric lymphoma[J].Am J Gastroenterol, 1989, 84(12):1555-1559.

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Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia of Liver: A Case Report and Review of The Literatures

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