Advances of post-mastectomy breast reconstruction_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

LIU Jian , ZHANG Yingzhe , WANG Xiaohong , CHENG Kai , TENG Xiaofei , TAN Longtao ,  YANG Zhenlin

Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

YANG Zhenlin, Email: yangzhenlin918@126.com

Keywords：

breast cancer; breast reconstruction; postoperative complication

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.201705089

Video：

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Objective To summarize types of post-mastectomy breast reconstruction and present situation. Method The relevant literatures about post-mastectomy breast reconstruction in recent years were reviewed. Results With the increasing incidence of the breast cancer and the progressing of the treatment methods, it has become a trend for the post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. If the patient’s condition is allowed, the post-mastectomy breast reconstruction can be performed. At present, the post-mastectomy breast reconstruction mainly include the implant based reconstruction, autologous tissue reconstruction, autologous fat transplantation, etc.. There are different options for the breast reconstruction according the indicators and it had the corresponding complications. So the selection of reconstruction technique depend on the individual requirements, determining by the patient choice, advice of the reconstructive surgeon, and anticipated post-mastectomy therapy, particularly the needs for the radiotherapy and chemotherapy, etc.. Conclusions Post-mastectomy breast reconstruction is common abroad, corresponding research has been carried out in our country, experiences in learning are shairing. With deepening of domestic and foreign exchanges and progressing of technology, it is believed that post-mastectomy breast reconstruction might become one of conventional reconstruction options in future.

Citation： LIU Jian, ZHANG Yingzhe, WANG Xiaohong, CHENG Kai, TENG Xiaofei, TAN Longtao, YANG Zhenlin. Advances of post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2017, 24(10): 1279-1283. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.201705089 Copy

1.	Gradishar WJ, Anderson BO, Balassanian R, et al. NCCN Guidelines^® insights breast cancer, version 1.2017: Featured updates to the NCCN Guidelines. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2017, 15(4): 433-451.
2.	Huang Z, Wen W, Zheng Y, et al. Breast cancer incidence and mortality: trends over 40 years among women in Shanghai, China. Ann Oncol, 2016, 27(6): 1129-1134.
3.	Babin G, Commeny J, Fournier M, et al. Breast reconstruction in elderly patients: Studies of the practices at institut Bergonié during 2005-2015. Bull Cancer, 2017, 104(6): 508-515.
4.	Ilonzo N, Tsang A, Tsantes S, et al. Breast reconstruction after mastectomy: A ten-year analysis of trends and immediate postoperative outcomes. Breast, 2017, 32: 7-12.
5.	Mennie JC, Mohanna PN, O'Donoghue JM, et al. National trends in immediate and delayed post-mastectomy reconstruction procedures in England: A seven-year population-based cohort study. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2017, 43(1): 52-61.
6.	Toyserkani NM, Jensen CH, Sheikh SP, et al. Cell-assisted lipotransfer using autologous adipose-derived stromal cells for alleviation of breast cancer-related lymphedema. Stem Cells Transl Med, 2016, 5(7): 857-859.
7.	Miller CL, Colwell AS, Horick N, et al. Immediate implant reconstruction is associated with a reduced risk of lymphedema compared to mastectomy alone: A prospective cohort study. Ann Surg, 2016, 263(2): 399-405.
8.	Lee KT, Mun GH, Lim SY, et al. The impact of immediate breast reconstruction on post-mastectomy lymphedema in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy. Breast, 2013, 22(1): 53-57.
9.	Fu Y, Chung D, Cao MA, et al. Is axillary lymph node dissection necessary after sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with mastectomy and pathological N1 breast cancer? Ann Surg Oncol, 2014, 21(13): 4109-4123.
10.	Beecher SM, O'Leary DP, McLaughlin R, et al. Influence of complications following immediate breast reconstruction on breast cancer recurrence rates. Br J Surg, 2016, 103(4): 391-398.
11.	Liu HH, Chiang IH, Wang CH, et al. Postmastectomy breast reconstruction combined with contralateral breast augmentation for Taiwanese women with small breasts. Ann Plast Surg, 2017, 78(3 Suppl 2): S102-S107.
12.	Jagsi R, Jiang J, Momoh AO, et al. Complications after mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction for breast cancer: A claims-based analysis. Ann Surg, 2016, 263(2): 219-227.
13.	Colwell AS, Tessler O, Lin AM, et al. Breast reconstruction following nipple-sparing mastectomy: predictors of complications, reconstruction outcomes, and 5-year trends. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2014, 133(3): 496-506.
14.	Wang F, Peled AW, Chin R, et al. The impact of radiation therapy, lymph node dissection, and hormonal therapy on outcomes of tissue expander-implant exchange in prosthetic breast reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016, 137(1): 1-9.
15.	Carnevale A, Scaringi C, Scalabrino G, et al. Radiation therapy after breast reconstruction: outcomes, complications, and patient satisfaction. Radiol Med, 2013, 118(7): 1240-1250.
16.	Clemens MW, Miranda RN, Butler CE. Breast implant informed consent should include the risk of anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016, 137(4): 1117-1122.
17.	Rolph R, Mehta S, Farhadi J. Breast reconstruction: options post-mastectomy. Br J Hosp Med (Lond), 2016, 77(6): 334-342.
18.	Thiruchelvam PT, McNeill F, Jallali N, et al. Post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. BMJ, 2013, 347: f5903.
19.	Greenhowe J, Stephen C, McClymont L, et al. Breast oedema following free flap breast reconstruction. Breast, 2017, 34: 73-76.
20.	Sutton EJ, Watson EJ, Gibbons G, et al. Incidence of internal mammary lymph nodes with silicone breast implants at MR imaging after oncoplastic surgery. Radiology, 2015, 277(2): 381-387.
21.	Balkin DM, Duh QY, Kind GM, et al. Failed pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic surgery following autologous deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction: a case report. BMC Surg, 2016, 16(1): 28.
22.	Simonacci F, Bertozzi N, Grieco MP, et al. Autologous fat transplantation for breast reconstruction: A literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond), 2016, 12: 94-100.
23.	Spear SL, Coles CN, Leung BK, et al. The safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of autologous fat grafting in breast surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open, 2016, 4(8): e827.
24.	Largo RD, Tchang LA, Mele V, et al. Efficacy, safety and complications of autologous fat grafting to healthy breast tissue: a systematic review. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2014, 67(4): 437-448.
25.	秦王驰, 梁智, 杨卫国, 等. 不同直径轴状脂肪移植的实验研究. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2016, 30(2): 229-236.0.
26.	Hoy E. State of the art: Reconstructing partial mastectomy defects with autologous fat grafting. Del Med J, 2016, 88(1): 20-23.
27.	Garza RM, Paik KJ, Chung MT, et al. Studies in fat grafting: Part Ⅲ. Fat grafting irradiated tissue-improved skin quality and decreased fat graft retention. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2014, 134(2): 249-257.
28.	Kølle SF, Fischer-Nielsen A, Mathiasen AB, et al. Enrichment of autologous fat grafts with ex-vivo expanded adipose tissue-derived stem cells for graft survival: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet, 2013, 382(9898): 1113-1120.
29.	Paino F, La Noce M, Di Nucci D, et al. Human adipose stem cell differentiation is highly affected by cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo: implication for autologous fat grafting. Cell Death Dis, 2017, 8(1): e2568.
30.	Reish RG, Lin A, Phillips NA, et al. Breast reconstruction outcomes after nipple-sparing mastectomy and radiation therapy. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2015, 135(4): 959-966.
31.	Tang R, Coopey SB, Colwell AS, et al. Nipple-sparing mastectomy in irradiated breasts: Selecting patients to minimize complications. Ann Surg Oncol, 2015, 22(10): 3331-3337.
32.	Chang EI, Liu TS, Festekjian JH, et al. Effects of radiation therapy for breast cancer based on type of free flap reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2013, 131(1): 1e-8e.
33.	Fischer JP, Fox JP, Nelson JA, et al. A longitudinal assessment of outcomes and healthcare resource utilization after immediate breast reconstruction-comparing implant- and autologous-based breast reconstruction. Ann Surg, 2015, 262(4): 692-699.
34.	van Alphen TC, Fechner MR, Smit JM, et al. The laparoscopically harvested omentum as a free flap for autologous breast recons-truction. Microsurgery, 2016 Oct 26. doi: 10.1002/micr.30126. [Epub ahead of print].
35.	Mehta S, Byrne N, Karunanithy N, et al. 3D printing provides unrivalled bespoke teaching tools for autologous free flap breast reconstruction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2016, 69(4): 578-580.
36.	Hummelink S, Verhulst AC, Maal TJJ, et al. An innovative method of planning and displaying flap volume in DIEP flap breast reconstructions. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2017, 70(7): 871-875.
37.	Bauermeister AJ, Zuriarrain A, Newman MI. Three-dimensional printing in plastic and reconstructive surgery: A systematic review. Ann Plast Surg, 2016, 77(5): 569-576.
38.	Colwell AS, Smith BL. Complications after mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction for breast cancer: How does the community compare? Ann Surg, 2016, 263(2): 228-229.
39.	Weenk M, Wunschel P, Heine E, et al. Factors influencing the decision to pursue immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer. Gland Surg, 2017, 6(1): 43-48.
40.	Rocco N, Rispoli C, Moja L, et al. Different types of implants for reconstructive breast surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2016, (5): CD010895.

1. Gradishar WJ, Anderson BO, Balassanian R, et al. NCCN Guidelines^® insights breast cancer, version 1.2017: Featured updates to the NCCN Guidelines. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2017, 15(4): 433-451.
2. Huang Z, Wen W, Zheng Y, et al. Breast cancer incidence and mortality: trends over 40 years among women in Shanghai, China. Ann Oncol, 2016, 27(6): 1129-1134.
3. Babin G, Commeny J, Fournier M, et al. Breast reconstruction in elderly patients: Studies of the practices at institut Bergonié during 2005-2015. Bull Cancer, 2017, 104(6): 508-515.
4. Ilonzo N, Tsang A, Tsantes S, et al. Breast reconstruction after mastectomy: A ten-year analysis of trends and immediate postoperative outcomes. Breast, 2017, 32: 7-12.
5. Mennie JC, Mohanna PN, O'Donoghue JM, et al. National trends in immediate and delayed post-mastectomy reconstruction procedures in England: A seven-year population-based cohort study. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2017, 43(1): 52-61.
6. Toyserkani NM, Jensen CH, Sheikh SP, et al. Cell-assisted lipotransfer using autologous adipose-derived stromal cells for alleviation of breast cancer-related lymphedema. Stem Cells Transl Med, 2016, 5(7): 857-859.
7. Miller CL, Colwell AS, Horick N, et al. Immediate implant reconstruction is associated with a reduced risk of lymphedema compared to mastectomy alone: A prospective cohort study. Ann Surg, 2016, 263(2): 399-405.
8. Lee KT, Mun GH, Lim SY, et al. The impact of immediate breast reconstruction on post-mastectomy lymphedema in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy. Breast, 2013, 22(1): 53-57.
9. Fu Y, Chung D, Cao MA, et al. Is axillary lymph node dissection necessary after sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with mastectomy and pathological N1 breast cancer? Ann Surg Oncol, 2014, 21(13): 4109-4123.
10. Beecher SM, O'Leary DP, McLaughlin R, et al. Influence of complications following immediate breast reconstruction on breast cancer recurrence rates. Br J Surg, 2016, 103(4): 391-398.
11. Liu HH, Chiang IH, Wang CH, et al. Postmastectomy breast reconstruction combined with contralateral breast augmentation for Taiwanese women with small breasts. Ann Plast Surg, 2017, 78(3 Suppl 2): S102-S107.
12. Jagsi R, Jiang J, Momoh AO, et al. Complications after mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction for breast cancer: A claims-based analysis. Ann Surg, 2016, 263(2): 219-227.
13. Colwell AS, Tessler O, Lin AM, et al. Breast reconstruction following nipple-sparing mastectomy: predictors of complications, reconstruction outcomes, and 5-year trends. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2014, 133(3): 496-506.
14. Wang F, Peled AW, Chin R, et al. The impact of radiation therapy, lymph node dissection, and hormonal therapy on outcomes of tissue expander-implant exchange in prosthetic breast reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016, 137(1): 1-9.
15. Carnevale A, Scaringi C, Scalabrino G, et al. Radiation therapy after breast reconstruction: outcomes, complications, and patient satisfaction. Radiol Med, 2013, 118(7): 1240-1250.
16. Clemens MW, Miranda RN, Butler CE. Breast implant informed consent should include the risk of anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016, 137(4): 1117-1122.
17. Rolph R, Mehta S, Farhadi J. Breast reconstruction: options post-mastectomy. Br J Hosp Med (Lond), 2016, 77(6): 334-342.
18. Thiruchelvam PT, McNeill F, Jallali N, et al. Post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. BMJ, 2013, 347: f5903.
19. Greenhowe J, Stephen C, McClymont L, et al. Breast oedema following free flap breast reconstruction. Breast, 2017, 34: 73-76.
20. Sutton EJ, Watson EJ, Gibbons G, et al. Incidence of internal mammary lymph nodes with silicone breast implants at MR imaging after oncoplastic surgery. Radiology, 2015, 277(2): 381-387.
21. Balkin DM, Duh QY, Kind GM, et al. Failed pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic surgery following autologous deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction: a case report. BMC Surg, 2016, 16(1): 28.
22. Simonacci F, Bertozzi N, Grieco MP, et al. Autologous fat transplantation for breast reconstruction: A literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond), 2016, 12: 94-100.
23. Spear SL, Coles CN, Leung BK, et al. The safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of autologous fat grafting in breast surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open, 2016, 4(8): e827.
24. Largo RD, Tchang LA, Mele V, et al. Efficacy, safety and complications of autologous fat grafting to healthy breast tissue: a systematic review. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2014, 67(4): 437-448.
25. 秦王驰, 梁智, 杨卫国, 等. 不同直径轴状脂肪移植的实验研究. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2016, 30(2): 229-236.0.
26. Hoy E. State of the art: Reconstructing partial mastectomy defects with autologous fat grafting. Del Med J, 2016, 88(1): 20-23.
27. Garza RM, Paik KJ, Chung MT, et al. Studies in fat grafting: Part Ⅲ. Fat grafting irradiated tissue-improved skin quality and decreased fat graft retention. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2014, 134(2): 249-257.
28. Kølle SF, Fischer-Nielsen A, Mathiasen AB, et al. Enrichment of autologous fat grafts with ex-vivo expanded adipose tissue-derived stem cells for graft survival: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet, 2013, 382(9898): 1113-1120.
29. Paino F, La Noce M, Di Nucci D, et al. Human adipose stem cell differentiation is highly affected by cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo: implication for autologous fat grafting. Cell Death Dis, 2017, 8(1): e2568.
30. Reish RG, Lin A, Phillips NA, et al. Breast reconstruction outcomes after nipple-sparing mastectomy and radiation therapy. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2015, 135(4): 959-966.
31. Tang R, Coopey SB, Colwell AS, et al. Nipple-sparing mastectomy in irradiated breasts: Selecting patients to minimize complications. Ann Surg Oncol, 2015, 22(10): 3331-3337.
32. Chang EI, Liu TS, Festekjian JH, et al. Effects of radiation therapy for breast cancer based on type of free flap reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2013, 131(1): 1e-8e.
33. Fischer JP, Fox JP, Nelson JA, et al. A longitudinal assessment of outcomes and healthcare resource utilization after immediate breast reconstruction-comparing implant- and autologous-based breast reconstruction. Ann Surg, 2015, 262(4): 692-699.
34. van Alphen TC, Fechner MR, Smit JM, et al. The laparoscopically harvested omentum as a free flap for autologous breast recons-truction. Microsurgery, 2016 Oct 26. doi: 10.1002/micr.30126. [Epub ahead of print].
35. Mehta S, Byrne N, Karunanithy N, et al. 3D printing provides unrivalled bespoke teaching tools for autologous free flap breast reconstruction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2016, 69(4): 578-580.
36. Hummelink S, Verhulst AC, Maal TJJ, et al. An innovative method of planning and displaying flap volume in DIEP flap breast reconstructions. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2017, 70(7): 871-875.
37. Bauermeister AJ, Zuriarrain A, Newman MI. Three-dimensional printing in plastic and reconstructive surgery: A systematic review. Ann Plast Surg, 2016, 77(5): 569-576.
38. Colwell AS, Smith BL. Complications after mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction for breast cancer: How does the community compare? Ann Surg, 2016, 263(2): 228-229.
39. Weenk M, Wunschel P, Heine E, et al. Factors influencing the decision to pursue immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer. Gland Surg, 2017, 6(1): 43-48.
40. Rocco N, Rispoli C, Moja L, et al. Different types of implants for reconstructive breast surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2016, (5): CD010895.

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Advances of post-mastectomy breast reconstruction

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