The research progress of phytochemicals on the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

GAO Weibo , WEI Jiufeng , LIU Jiaren ,  LIU Ming

Department of General Surgery, The Forth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

LIU Ming, Email: mliu35@aliyun.com

Keywords：

alcoholic liver disease; phytochemical; preventive effect; review

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.201905104

Video：

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Objective To summarize the research progress of phytochemicals in the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease and its possible clinical application value.Method The current literatures about the preventive and therapeutic effects of phytochemicals on alcoholic liver disease at home and abroad were reviewed.Results Phyto- chemicals could prevent and treat alcoholic liver disease by reducing inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, and improving lipid metabolism. They had the advantage of multi-targets.Conclusion Phytochemicals play an important role in the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease, and it also lay a solid foundation for translational medicine.

Citation： GAO Weibo, WEI Jiufeng, LIU Jiaren, LIU Ming. The research progress of phytochemicals on the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2019, 26(12): 1505-1510. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.201905104 Copy

1.	Torruellas C, French SW, Medici V. Diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease. World J Gastroenterol, 2014, 20(33): 11684-11699.
2.	Rehm J, Mathers C, Popova S, et al. Global burden of disease and injury and economic cost attributable to alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders. Lancet, 2009, 373(9682): 2223-2233.
3.	Yan AW, Fouts DE, Brandl J, et al. Enteric dysbiosis associated with a mouse model of alcoholic liver disease. Hepatology, 2011, 53(1): 96-105.
4.	Rao R. Endotoxemia and gut barrier dysfunction in alcoholic liver disease. Hepatology, 2009, 50(2): 638-644.
5.	Basuroy S, Sheth P, Mansbach CM, et al. Acetaldehyde disrupts tight junctions and adherens junctions in human colonic mucosa: protection by EGF and L-glutamine. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, 2005, 289(2): G367-G375.
6.	Uesugi T, Froh M, Arteel GE, et al. Toll-like receptor 4 is involved in the mechanism of early alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. Hepatology, 2001, 34(1): 101-108.
7.	Nanji AA, Khettry U, Sadrzadeh SM, et al. Severity of liver injury in experimental alcoholic liver disease. Correlation with plasma endotoxin, prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4, and thromboxane B2. Am J Pathol, 1993, 142(2): 367-373.
8.	Bondy SC. Ethanol toxicity and oxidative stress. Toxicol Lett, 1992, 63(3): 231-241.
9.	Bailey SM, Cunningham CC. Contribution of mitochondria to oxidative stress associated with alcoholic liver disease. Free Radic Biol Med, 2002, 32(1): 11-16.
10.	Niemelä O. Acetaldehyde adducts in circulation. Novartis Found Symp, 2007, 285: 183-192, 93-97.
11.	Tuma DJ, Casey CA. Dangerous byproducts of alcohol breakdown–focus on adducts. Alcohol Res Health, 2003, 27(4): 285-290.
12.	Brooks PJ, Theruvathu JA. DNA adducts from acetaldehyde: implications for alcohol-related carcinogenesis. Alcohol, 2005, 35(3): 187-193.
13.	Seitz HK, Becker P. Alcohol metabolism and cancer risk. Alcohol Res Health, 2007, 30(1): 38-41, 4-7.
14.	Guengerich FP, Beaune PH, Umbenhauer DR, et al. Cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in genetic polymorphism of drug oxidation in humans. Biochem Soc Trans, 1987, 15(4): 576-578.
15.	Lieber CS, DeCarli LM. The role of the hepatic microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) for ethanol metabolism in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 1972, 181(2): 279-287.
16.	Lieber CS. Cytochrome P-4502E1: its physiological and pathological role. Physiol Rev, 1997, 77(2): 517-544.
17.	Lu Y, Cederbaum AI. CYP2E1 and oxidative liver injury by alcohol. Free Radic Biol Med, 2008, 44(5): 723-738.
18.	Li S, Tan HY, Wang N, et al. The role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in liver diseases. Int J Mol Sci, 2015, 16(11): 26087-26124.
19.	Finkel T, Holbrook NJ. Oxidants, oxidative stress and the biology of ageing. Nature, 2000, 408(6809): 239-247.
20.	Kono H, Rusyn I, Yin M, et al. NADPH oxidase-derived free radicals are key oxidants in alcohol-induced liver disease. J Clin Invest, 2000, 106(7): 867-872.
21.	Banan A, Fields JZ, Decker H, et al. Nitric oxide and its metabolites mediate ethanol-induced microtubule disruption and intestinal barrier dysfunction. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2000, 294(3): 997-1008.
22.	Tang Y, Forsyth CB, Farhadi A, et al. Nitric oxide-mediated intestinal injury is required for alcohol-induced gut leakiness and liver damage. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 2009, 33(7): 1220-1230.
23.	Kohgo Y, Ohtake T, Ikuta K, et al. Dysregulation of systemic iron metabolism in alcoholic liver diseases. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2008, 23(Suppl 1): S78-S81.
24.	刘国涛, 朱玉翠, 张涛, 等. 酒精性肝病研究进展. 世界华人消化杂志, 2017, 25(15): 1382-1388.
25.	King AL, Mantena SK, Andringa KK, et al. The methyl donorS-adenosylmethionine prevents liver hypoxia and dysregulation of mitochondrial bioenergetic function in a rat model of alcohol-induced fatty liver disease. Redox Biol, 2016, 9: 188-197.
26.	Zhong W, Zhao Y, Tang Y, et al. Chronic alcohol exposure stimulates adipose tissue lipolysis in mice: role of reverse triglyceride transport in the pathogenesis of alcoholic steatosis. Am J Pathol, 2012, 180(3): 998-1007.
27.	Shearn CT, Smathers RL, Jiang H, et al. Increased dietary fat contributes to dysregulation of the LKB1/AMPK pathway and increased damage in a mouse model of early-stage ethanol-mediated steatosis. J Nutr Biochem, 2013, 24(8): 1436-1445.
28.	Voican CS, Perlemuter G, Naveau S. Mechanisms of the inflammatory reaction implicated in alcoholic hepatitis: 2011 update. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol, 2011, 35(6-7): 465-474.
29.	Videla L, Bernstein J, Israel Y. Metabolic alterations produced in the liver by chronic ethanol administration. Biochem J, 1973, 134(2): 507-514.
30.	Tsukamoto H, Xi XP. Incomplete compensation of enhanced hepatic oxygen consumption in rats with alcoholic centrilobular liver necrosis. Hepatology, 1989, 9(2): 302-306.
31.	Oshita M, Sato N, Yoshihara H, et al. Ethanol-induced vasoconstriction causes focal hepatocellular injury in the isolated perfused rat liver. Hepatology, 1992, 16(4): 1007-1013.
32.	Mello T, Ceni E, Surrenti C, et al. Alcohol induced hepatic fibrosis: role of acetaldehyde. Mol Aspects Med, 2008, 29(1-2): 17-21.
33.	Singal AK, Anand BS. Mechanisms of synergy between alcohol and hepatitis C virus. J Clin Gastroenterol, 2007, 41(8): 761-772.
34.	Jin H, Lian N, Bian M, et al. Oroxylin A prevents alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis through inhibition of hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha. Chem Biol Interact, 2018, 285: 14-20.
35.	Nath B, Levin I, Csak T, et al. Hepatocyte-specific hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is a determinant of lipid accumulation and liver injury in alcohol-induced steatosis in mice. Hepatology, 2011, 53(5): 1526-1537.
36.	Pan JH, Lim Y, Kim JH, et al. Root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica restrains acute alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis onset in mice by inhibiting ROS accumulation. PLoS One, 2017, 12(11): e0188381.
37.	Cai Z, Song L, Qian B, et al. Understanding the effect of anthocyanins extracted from purple sweet potatoes on alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. Food Chem, 2018, 245: 463-470.
38.	Cheng Q, Li YW, Yang CF, et al. Methyl ferulic acid attenuates ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis by regulating AMPK and FoxO1 pathways in rats and L-02 cells. Chem Biol Interact, 2018, 291: 180-189.
39.	Lee Y, Kwon DJ, Kim YH, et al. HIMH0021 attenuates ethanol-induced liver injury and steatosis in mice. PLoS One, 2017, 12(11): e0185134.
40.	Lei P, Zhao W, Pang B, et al. Broccoli sprout extract alleviates alcohol-induced oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in C57BL/6 mice. J Agric Food Chem, 2018, 66(22): 5574-5580.
41.	Huang QH, Xu LQ, Liu YH, et al. Polydatin protects rat liver against ethanol-induced injury: involvement of CYP2E1/ROS/Nrf2 and TLR4/NF-κB p65 pathway. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2017, 2017: 7953850.
42.	Hsu JY, Lin HH, Hsu CC, et al. Aqueous extract of Pepino (Solanum muriactum Ait) leaves ameliorate lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutrients, 2018, 10(7): E931.
43.	Madushani Herath KHIN, Bing SJ, Cho J, et al. Sasa quelpaertensis leaves ameliorate alcohol-induced liver injury by attenuating oxidative stress in HepG2 cells and mice. Acta Histochem, 2018, 120(5): 477-489.
44.	Tsedensodnom O, Vacaru AM, Howarth DL, et al. Ethanol metabolism and oxidative stress are required for unfolded protein response activation and steatosis in zebrafish with alcoholic liver disease. Dis Model Mech, 2013, 6(5): 1213-1226.
45.	Zhou C, Lai Y, Huang P, et al. Naringin attenuates alcoholic liver injury by reducing lipid accumulation and oxidative stress. Life Sci, 2019, 216: 305-312.
46.	Yuan R, Tao X, Liang S, et al. Protective effect of acidic polysaccharide from Schisandra chinensis on acute ethanol-induced liver injury through reducing CYP2E1-dependent oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother, 2018, 99: 537-542.
47.	Wang F, Tipoe GL, Yang C, et al. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide supplementation improves alcoholic liver injury in female mice by inhibiting stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1. Mol Nutr Food Res, 2018, 62(13): e1800144.
48.	Cho YE, Song BJ. Pomegranate prevents binge alcohol-induced gut leakiness and hepatic inflammation by suppressing oxidative and nitrative stress. Redox Biol, 2018, 18: 266-278.
49.	Yu Y, Wang L, Wang Y, et al. Hepatoprotective effect of albumin peptides from corn germ meal on chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. J Food Sci, 2017, 82(12): 2997-3004.
50.	Lee YH, Kim SH, Lee S, et al. Antioxidant effect of barley sprout extract via enhancement of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 activity and glutathione synthesis. Nutrients, 2017, 9(11): E1252.
51.	Suk KT, Kim DJ, Kim CH, et al. A prospective nationwide study of drug-induced liver injury in Korea. Am J Gastroenterol, 2012, 107(9): 1380-1387.
52.	Zhao H, Zhang J, Liu X, et al. The antioxidant activities of alkalic-extractable polysaccharides from Coprinus comatus on alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 11695.
53.	Song X, Liu Z, Zhang J, et al. Anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of exopolysaccharides isolated from Pleurotus geesteranus on alcohol-induced liver injury. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 10493.
54.	Fu X, Zhong Z, Hu F, et al. The protective effects of selenium-enriched Spirulina platensis on chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. Food Funct, 2018, 9(6): 3155-3165.

1. Torruellas C, French SW, Medici V. Diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease. World J Gastroenterol, 2014, 20(33): 11684-11699.
2. Rehm J, Mathers C, Popova S, et al. Global burden of disease and injury and economic cost attributable to alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders. Lancet, 2009, 373(9682): 2223-2233.
3. Yan AW, Fouts DE, Brandl J, et al. Enteric dysbiosis associated with a mouse model of alcoholic liver disease. Hepatology, 2011, 53(1): 96-105.
4. Rao R. Endotoxemia and gut barrier dysfunction in alcoholic liver disease. Hepatology, 2009, 50(2): 638-644.
5. Basuroy S, Sheth P, Mansbach CM, et al. Acetaldehyde disrupts tight junctions and adherens junctions in human colonic mucosa: protection by EGF and L-glutamine. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, 2005, 289(2): G367-G375.
6. Uesugi T, Froh M, Arteel GE, et al. Toll-like receptor 4 is involved in the mechanism of early alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. Hepatology, 2001, 34(1): 101-108.
7. Nanji AA, Khettry U, Sadrzadeh SM, et al. Severity of liver injury in experimental alcoholic liver disease. Correlation with plasma endotoxin, prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4, and thromboxane B2. Am J Pathol, 1993, 142(2): 367-373.
8. Bondy SC. Ethanol toxicity and oxidative stress. Toxicol Lett, 1992, 63(3): 231-241.
9. Bailey SM, Cunningham CC. Contribution of mitochondria to oxidative stress associated with alcoholic liver disease. Free Radic Biol Med, 2002, 32(1): 11-16.
10. Niemelä O. Acetaldehyde adducts in circulation. Novartis Found Symp, 2007, 285: 183-192, 93-97.
11. Tuma DJ, Casey CA. Dangerous byproducts of alcohol breakdown–focus on adducts. Alcohol Res Health, 2003, 27(4): 285-290.
12. Brooks PJ, Theruvathu JA. DNA adducts from acetaldehyde: implications for alcohol-related carcinogenesis. Alcohol, 2005, 35(3): 187-193.
13. Seitz HK, Becker P. Alcohol metabolism and cancer risk. Alcohol Res Health, 2007, 30(1): 38-41, 4-7.
14. Guengerich FP, Beaune PH, Umbenhauer DR, et al. Cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in genetic polymorphism of drug oxidation in humans. Biochem Soc Trans, 1987, 15(4): 576-578.
15. Lieber CS, DeCarli LM. The role of the hepatic microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) for ethanol metabolism in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 1972, 181(2): 279-287.
16. Lieber CS. Cytochrome P-4502E1: its physiological and pathological role. Physiol Rev, 1997, 77(2): 517-544.
17. Lu Y, Cederbaum AI. CYP2E1 and oxidative liver injury by alcohol. Free Radic Biol Med, 2008, 44(5): 723-738.
18. Li S, Tan HY, Wang N, et al. The role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in liver diseases. Int J Mol Sci, 2015, 16(11): 26087-26124.
19. Finkel T, Holbrook NJ. Oxidants, oxidative stress and the biology of ageing. Nature, 2000, 408(6809): 239-247.
20. Kono H, Rusyn I, Yin M, et al. NADPH oxidase-derived free radicals are key oxidants in alcohol-induced liver disease. J Clin Invest, 2000, 106(7): 867-872.
21. Banan A, Fields JZ, Decker H, et al. Nitric oxide and its metabolites mediate ethanol-induced microtubule disruption and intestinal barrier dysfunction. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2000, 294(3): 997-1008.
22. Tang Y, Forsyth CB, Farhadi A, et al. Nitric oxide-mediated intestinal injury is required for alcohol-induced gut leakiness and liver damage. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 2009, 33(7): 1220-1230.
23. Kohgo Y, Ohtake T, Ikuta K, et al. Dysregulation of systemic iron metabolism in alcoholic liver diseases. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2008, 23(Suppl 1): S78-S81.
24. 刘国涛, 朱玉翠, 张涛, 等. 酒精性肝病研究进展. 世界华人消化杂志, 2017, 25(15): 1382-1388.
25. King AL, Mantena SK, Andringa KK, et al. The methyl donorS-adenosylmethionine prevents liver hypoxia and dysregulation of mitochondrial bioenergetic function in a rat model of alcohol-induced fatty liver disease. Redox Biol, 2016, 9: 188-197.
26. Zhong W, Zhao Y, Tang Y, et al. Chronic alcohol exposure stimulates adipose tissue lipolysis in mice: role of reverse triglyceride transport in the pathogenesis of alcoholic steatosis. Am J Pathol, 2012, 180(3): 998-1007.
27. Shearn CT, Smathers RL, Jiang H, et al. Increased dietary fat contributes to dysregulation of the LKB1/AMPK pathway and increased damage in a mouse model of early-stage ethanol-mediated steatosis. J Nutr Biochem, 2013, 24(8): 1436-1445.
28. Voican CS, Perlemuter G, Naveau S. Mechanisms of the inflammatory reaction implicated in alcoholic hepatitis: 2011 update. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol, 2011, 35(6-7): 465-474.
29. Videla L, Bernstein J, Israel Y. Metabolic alterations produced in the liver by chronic ethanol administration. Biochem J, 1973, 134(2): 507-514.
30. Tsukamoto H, Xi XP. Incomplete compensation of enhanced hepatic oxygen consumption in rats with alcoholic centrilobular liver necrosis. Hepatology, 1989, 9(2): 302-306.
31. Oshita M, Sato N, Yoshihara H, et al. Ethanol-induced vasoconstriction causes focal hepatocellular injury in the isolated perfused rat liver. Hepatology, 1992, 16(4): 1007-1013.
32. Mello T, Ceni E, Surrenti C, et al. Alcohol induced hepatic fibrosis: role of acetaldehyde. Mol Aspects Med, 2008, 29(1-2): 17-21.
33. Singal AK, Anand BS. Mechanisms of synergy between alcohol and hepatitis C virus. J Clin Gastroenterol, 2007, 41(8): 761-772.
34. Jin H, Lian N, Bian M, et al. Oroxylin A prevents alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis through inhibition of hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha. Chem Biol Interact, 2018, 285: 14-20.
35. Nath B, Levin I, Csak T, et al. Hepatocyte-specific hypoxia-inducible factor-1α is a determinant of lipid accumulation and liver injury in alcohol-induced steatosis in mice. Hepatology, 2011, 53(5): 1526-1537.
36. Pan JH, Lim Y, Kim JH, et al. Root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica restrains acute alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis onset in mice by inhibiting ROS accumulation. PLoS One, 2017, 12(11): e0188381.
37. Cai Z, Song L, Qian B, et al. Understanding the effect of anthocyanins extracted from purple sweet potatoes on alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. Food Chem, 2018, 245: 463-470.
38. Cheng Q, Li YW, Yang CF, et al. Methyl ferulic acid attenuates ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis by regulating AMPK and FoxO1 pathways in rats and L-02 cells. Chem Biol Interact, 2018, 291: 180-189.
39. Lee Y, Kwon DJ, Kim YH, et al. HIMH0021 attenuates ethanol-induced liver injury and steatosis in mice. PLoS One, 2017, 12(11): e0185134.
40. Lei P, Zhao W, Pang B, et al. Broccoli sprout extract alleviates alcohol-induced oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in C57BL/6 mice. J Agric Food Chem, 2018, 66(22): 5574-5580.
41. Huang QH, Xu LQ, Liu YH, et al. Polydatin protects rat liver against ethanol-induced injury: involvement of CYP2E1/ROS/Nrf2 and TLR4/NF-κB p65 pathway. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2017, 2017: 7953850.
42. Hsu JY, Lin HH, Hsu CC, et al. Aqueous extract of Pepino (Solanum muriactum Ait) leaves ameliorate lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutrients, 2018, 10(7): E931.
43. Madushani Herath KHIN, Bing SJ, Cho J, et al. Sasa quelpaertensis leaves ameliorate alcohol-induced liver injury by attenuating oxidative stress in HepG2 cells and mice. Acta Histochem, 2018, 120(5): 477-489.
44. Tsedensodnom O, Vacaru AM, Howarth DL, et al. Ethanol metabolism and oxidative stress are required for unfolded protein response activation and steatosis in zebrafish with alcoholic liver disease. Dis Model Mech, 2013, 6(5): 1213-1226.
45. Zhou C, Lai Y, Huang P, et al. Naringin attenuates alcoholic liver injury by reducing lipid accumulation and oxidative stress. Life Sci, 2019, 216: 305-312.
46. Yuan R, Tao X, Liang S, et al. Protective effect of acidic polysaccharide from Schisandra chinensis on acute ethanol-induced liver injury through reducing CYP2E1-dependent oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother, 2018, 99: 537-542.
47. Wang F, Tipoe GL, Yang C, et al. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide supplementation improves alcoholic liver injury in female mice by inhibiting stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1. Mol Nutr Food Res, 2018, 62(13): e1800144.
48. Cho YE, Song BJ. Pomegranate prevents binge alcohol-induced gut leakiness and hepatic inflammation by suppressing oxidative and nitrative stress. Redox Biol, 2018, 18: 266-278.
49. Yu Y, Wang L, Wang Y, et al. Hepatoprotective effect of albumin peptides from corn germ meal on chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. J Food Sci, 2017, 82(12): 2997-3004.
50. Lee YH, Kim SH, Lee S, et al. Antioxidant effect of barley sprout extract via enhancement of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 activity and glutathione synthesis. Nutrients, 2017, 9(11): E1252.
51. Suk KT, Kim DJ, Kim CH, et al. A prospective nationwide study of drug-induced liver injury in Korea. Am J Gastroenterol, 2012, 107(9): 1380-1387.
52. Zhao H, Zhang J, Liu X, et al. The antioxidant activities of alkalic-extractable polysaccharides from Coprinus comatus on alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 11695.
53. Song X, Liu Z, Zhang J, et al. Anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of exopolysaccharides isolated from Pleurotus geesteranus on alcohol-induced liver injury. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 10493.
54. Fu X, Zhong Z, Hu F, et al. The protective effects of selenium-enriched Spirulina platensis on chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. Food Funct, 2018, 9(6): 3155-3165.

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The research progress of phytochemicals on the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease

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