Research progress of long non-coding RNA CCAT1 and gastric cancer_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

HE Lin , CHENG Long , ZHOU Chengji ,  WANG Pan

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

WANG Pan, Email: ncwangpan@163.com

Keywords：

gastric cancer; long non-coding RNA; colon cancer associated transcript 1; microRNA

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.201912050

Video：

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Objective To understand the function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) colon cancer associated transcript-1 (CCAT1) and summarize its relationship with gastric cancer.Method The published literatures on the studies of lncRNA CCAT1 function and its relationship with gastric cancer were reviewed and analyzed.Results The lncRNA CCAT1 exerted the negative regulation on the genes by binding to microRNAs (miR) as a competitive endogenous RNA, mediating chromatin circulation between the c-MYC promoter and its upstream enhancer, and promoted the expression of c-MYC gene. The recent studies had found that the CCAT1 could bind to the miR-219-1 and miR-490, thereby promoting the progress of gastric cancer. The expression of lncRNA CCAT1 in the gastric cancer tissues increased, which was obviously different from that in the paracancer tissues and normal tissues. The high expression of lncRNA CCAT1 was related to the tumor size, lymphatic metastasis and TNM stage.Conclusions The specific mechanism, intracellular signal transduction pathway and interaction mechanism between CCAT1 and other molecules involved in the progress of gastric cancer still need to be further explored. With the in-depth study of lncRNA, especially CCAT1, it may provide a broader prospect for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer as a target of CCAT1.

Citation： HE Lin, CHENG Long, ZHOU Chengji, WANG Pan. Research progress of long non-coding RNA CCAT1 and gastric cancer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2020, 27(9): 1180-1183. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.201912050 Copy

1.	Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin, 2018, 68(6): 394-424.
2.	Chen W, Zheng R, Baade PD, et al. Cancer statistics in China, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin, 2016, 66(2): 115-132.
3.	Song Z, Wu Y, Yang J, et al. Progress in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Tumour Biol, 2017, 39(7): 1010428317714626.
4.	Yu X, Li Z. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR: A novel oncogene (Review). Mol Med Rep, 2015, 12(4): 5611-5618.
5.	Wan X, Ding X, Chen S, et al. The functional sites of miRNAs and lncRNAs in gastric carcinogenesis. Tumour Biol, 2015, 36(2): 521-532.
6.	Yang F, Xue X, Bi J, et al. Long noncoding RNA CCAT1, which could be activated by c-Myc, promotes the progression of gastric carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2013, 139(3): 437-445.
7.	Kam Y, Rubinstein A, Naik S, et al. Detection of a long non-coding RNA (CCAT1) in living cells and human adenocarcinoma of colon tissues using FIT-PNA molecular beacons. Cancer Lett, 2014, 352(1): 90-96.
8.	Nissan A, Stojadinovic A, Mitrani-Rosenbaum S, et al. Colon cancer associated transcript-1: a novel RNA expressed in malignant and pre-malignant human tissues. Int J Cancer, 2012, 130(7): 1598-1606.
9.	Xin Y, Li Z, Shen J, et al. CCAT1: a pivotal oncogenic long non-coding RNA in human cancers. Cell Prolif, 2016, 49(3): 255-260.
10.	Ozawa T, Matsuyama T, Toiyama Y, et al. CCAT1 and CCAT2 long noncoding RNAs, located within the 8q.24.21 ‘gene desert’ serve as important prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol, 2017, 28(8): 1882-1888.
11.	Xiang JF, Yin QF, Chen T, et al. Human colorectal cancer-specific CCAT1-L lncRNA regulates long-range chromatin interactions at the MYC locus. Cell Res, 2014, 24(5): 513-531.
12.	Younger ST, Rinn JL. ‘Lnc’-ing enhancers to MYC regulation. Cell Res, 2014, 24(6): 643-644.
13.	Guo X, Hua Y. CCAT1: an oncogenic long noncoding RNA in human cancers. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2017, 143(4): 555-562.
14.	Liu Z, Chen Q, Hann SS. The functions and oncogenic roles of CCAT1 in human cancer. Biomed Pharmacother, 2019, 115: 108943.
15.	Wang N, Yu Y, Xu B, et al. Pivotal prognostic and diagnostic role of the long non-coding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 1 expression in human cancer (Review). Mol Med Rep, 2019, 19(2): 771-782.
16.	He X, Tan X, Wang X, et al. C-Myc-activated long noncoding RNA CCAT1 promotes colon cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Tumour Biol, 2014, 35(12): 12181-12188.
17.	Palanichamy JK, Rao DS. miRNA dysregulation in cancer: towards a mechanistic understanding. Front Genet, 2014, 5: 54.
18.	Hu M, Zhang Q, Tian XH, et al. lncRNA CCAT1 is a biomarker for the proliferation and drug resistance of esophageal cancer via the miR-143/PLK1/BUBR1 axis. Mol Carcinog, 2019, 58(12): 2207-2217.
19.	Guo J, Ma Y, Peng X, et al. LncRNA CCAT1 promotes autophagy via regulating ATG7 by sponging miR-181 in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Biochem, 2019, 120(10): 17975-17983.
20.	Zhang J, Cai M, Jiang D, et al. Upregulated LncRNA-CCAT1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by functioning as miR-30c-2-3p sponge. Cell Biochem Funct, 2019, 37(2): 84-92.
21.	Ma MZ, Chu BF, Zhang Y, et al. Long non-coding RNA CCAT1 promotes gallbladder cancer development via negative modulation of miRNA-218-5p. Cell Death Dis, 2015, 6: e1583.
22.	Zhao X, Wei X, Zhao L, et al. The rs6983267 SNP and long non-coding RNA CARLo-5 are associated with endometrial carcinoma. Environ Mol Mutagen, 2016, 57(7): 508-515.
23.	Zhang XF, Liu T, Li Y, et al. Overexpression of long non-coding RNA CCAT1 is a novel biomarker of poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 2015, 8(8): 9440-9445.
24.	You Z, Liu C, Wang C, et al. LncRNA CCAT1 promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation by interacting with DDX5and MIR-28-5P. Mol Cancer Thers, 2019, 18(12): 2469-2479.
25.	Li N, Jiang K, Fang LP, et al. Knockdown of long noncoding RNA CCAT1 inhibits cell growth, invasion and peritoneal metastasis via downregulation of Bmi-1 in gastric cancer. Neoplasma, 2018, 65(5): 736-744.
26.	Fang H, Liu HM, Wu WH, et al. Upregulation of long noncoding RNA CCAT1-L promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric adenocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther, 2018, 11: 5647-5655.
27.	单廷, 陈义钢, 洪波, 等. 长链非编码RNA CCAT1在胃癌中的表达及临床意义. 中华医学杂志, 2017, 97(18): 1411-1414.
28.	Mizrahi I, Mazeh H, Grinbaum R, et al. Colon cancer associated transcript-1 (CCAT1) expression in adenocarcinoma of the stomach. J Cancer, 2015, 6(2): 105-11.
29.	Shi DY, Wu FS, Gao F, et al. Prognostic value of long non-coding RNA CCAT1 expression in patients with cancer: A meta-analysis. PLoS One, 2017, 12(6): e0179346.
30.	Weidle UH, Birzele F, Kollmorgen G, et al. Long non-coding RNAs and their role in metastasis. Cancer Genomics Proteomics, 2017, 14(3): 143-160.
31.	Li X, Zhou Y, Qian H. CCAT1 expressed in malignant and pre-malignant human gastric tissues. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand), 2017, 63(5): 89-93.
32.	Zhu H, Zhao H, Zhang L, et al. Dandelion root extract suppressed gastric cancer cells proliferation and migration through targeting lncRNA-CCAT1. Biomed Pharmacother, 2017, 93: 1010-1017.
33.	Chen L, Hu N, Wang C, et al. Long non-coding RNA CCAT1 promotes multiple myeloma progression by acting as a molecular sponge of miR-181a-5p to modulate HOXA1 expression. Cell Cycle, 2018, 17(3): 319-329.
34.	Li YF, Zhu GY, Ma Y, et al. lncRNA CCAT1 contributes to the growth and invasion of gastric cancer viatargeting miR-219-1. J Cell Biochem. 2017 Dec 12. doi: 10.1002/jcb.26560.
35.	Zhou B, Wang Y, Jiang J, et al. The long noncoding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript-1/miR-490 axis regulates gastric cancer cell migration by targeting hnRNPA1. IUBMB Life, 2016, 68(3): 201-210.
36.	Buvoli M, Cobianchi F, Biamonti G, et al. Recombinant hnRNP protein A1 and its N-terminal domain show preferential affinity for oligodeoxynucleotides homologous to intron/exon acceptor sites. Nucleic Acids Res, 1990, 18(22): 6595-6600.

1. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin, 2018, 68(6): 394-424.
2. Chen W, Zheng R, Baade PD, et al. Cancer statistics in China, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin, 2016, 66(2): 115-132.
3. Song Z, Wu Y, Yang J, et al. Progress in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Tumour Biol, 2017, 39(7): 1010428317714626.
4. Yu X, Li Z. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR: A novel oncogene (Review). Mol Med Rep, 2015, 12(4): 5611-5618.
5. Wan X, Ding X, Chen S, et al. The functional sites of miRNAs and lncRNAs in gastric carcinogenesis. Tumour Biol, 2015, 36(2): 521-532.
6. Yang F, Xue X, Bi J, et al. Long noncoding RNA CCAT1, which could be activated by c-Myc, promotes the progression of gastric carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2013, 139(3): 437-445.
7. Kam Y, Rubinstein A, Naik S, et al. Detection of a long non-coding RNA (CCAT1) in living cells and human adenocarcinoma of colon tissues using FIT-PNA molecular beacons. Cancer Lett, 2014, 352(1): 90-96.
8. Nissan A, Stojadinovic A, Mitrani-Rosenbaum S, et al. Colon cancer associated transcript-1: a novel RNA expressed in malignant and pre-malignant human tissues. Int J Cancer, 2012, 130(7): 1598-1606.
9. Xin Y, Li Z, Shen J, et al. CCAT1: a pivotal oncogenic long non-coding RNA in human cancers. Cell Prolif, 2016, 49(3): 255-260.
10. Ozawa T, Matsuyama T, Toiyama Y, et al. CCAT1 and CCAT2 long noncoding RNAs, located within the 8q.24.21 ‘gene desert’ serve as important prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol, 2017, 28(8): 1882-1888.
11. Xiang JF, Yin QF, Chen T, et al. Human colorectal cancer-specific CCAT1-L lncRNA regulates long-range chromatin interactions at the MYC locus. Cell Res, 2014, 24(5): 513-531.
12. Younger ST, Rinn JL. ‘Lnc’-ing enhancers to MYC regulation. Cell Res, 2014, 24(6): 643-644.
13. Guo X, Hua Y. CCAT1: an oncogenic long noncoding RNA in human cancers. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, 2017, 143(4): 555-562.
14. Liu Z, Chen Q, Hann SS. The functions and oncogenic roles of CCAT1 in human cancer. Biomed Pharmacother, 2019, 115: 108943.
15. Wang N, Yu Y, Xu B, et al. Pivotal prognostic and diagnostic role of the long non-coding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 1 expression in human cancer (Review). Mol Med Rep, 2019, 19(2): 771-782.
16. He X, Tan X, Wang X, et al. C-Myc-activated long noncoding RNA CCAT1 promotes colon cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Tumour Biol, 2014, 35(12): 12181-12188.
17. Palanichamy JK, Rao DS. miRNA dysregulation in cancer: towards a mechanistic understanding. Front Genet, 2014, 5: 54.
18. Hu M, Zhang Q, Tian XH, et al. lncRNA CCAT1 is a biomarker for the proliferation and drug resistance of esophageal cancer via the miR-143/PLK1/BUBR1 axis. Mol Carcinog, 2019, 58(12): 2207-2217.
19. Guo J, Ma Y, Peng X, et al. LncRNA CCAT1 promotes autophagy via regulating ATG7 by sponging miR-181 in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Biochem, 2019, 120(10): 17975-17983.
20. Zhang J, Cai M, Jiang D, et al. Upregulated LncRNA-CCAT1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by functioning as miR-30c-2-3p sponge. Cell Biochem Funct, 2019, 37(2): 84-92.
21. Ma MZ, Chu BF, Zhang Y, et al. Long non-coding RNA CCAT1 promotes gallbladder cancer development via negative modulation of miRNA-218-5p. Cell Death Dis, 2015, 6: e1583.
22. Zhao X, Wei X, Zhao L, et al. The rs6983267 SNP and long non-coding RNA CARLo-5 are associated with endometrial carcinoma. Environ Mol Mutagen, 2016, 57(7): 508-515.
23. Zhang XF, Liu T, Li Y, et al. Overexpression of long non-coding RNA CCAT1 is a novel biomarker of poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 2015, 8(8): 9440-9445.
24. You Z, Liu C, Wang C, et al. LncRNA CCAT1 promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation by interacting with DDX5and MIR-28-5P. Mol Cancer Thers, 2019, 18(12): 2469-2479.
25. Li N, Jiang K, Fang LP, et al. Knockdown of long noncoding RNA CCAT1 inhibits cell growth, invasion and peritoneal metastasis via downregulation of Bmi-1 in gastric cancer. Neoplasma, 2018, 65(5): 736-744.
26. Fang H, Liu HM, Wu WH, et al. Upregulation of long noncoding RNA CCAT1-L promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric adenocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther, 2018, 11: 5647-5655.
27. 单廷, 陈义钢, 洪波, 等. 长链非编码RNA CCAT1在胃癌中的表达及临床意义. 中华医学杂志, 2017, 97(18): 1411-1414.
28. Mizrahi I, Mazeh H, Grinbaum R, et al. Colon cancer associated transcript-1 (CCAT1) expression in adenocarcinoma of the stomach. J Cancer, 2015, 6(2): 105-11.
29. Shi DY, Wu FS, Gao F, et al. Prognostic value of long non-coding RNA CCAT1 expression in patients with cancer: A meta-analysis. PLoS One, 2017, 12(6): e0179346.
30. Weidle UH, Birzele F, Kollmorgen G, et al. Long non-coding RNAs and their role in metastasis. Cancer Genomics Proteomics, 2017, 14(3): 143-160.
31. Li X, Zhou Y, Qian H. CCAT1 expressed in malignant and pre-malignant human gastric tissues. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand), 2017, 63(5): 89-93.
32. Zhu H, Zhao H, Zhang L, et al. Dandelion root extract suppressed gastric cancer cells proliferation and migration through targeting lncRNA-CCAT1. Biomed Pharmacother, 2017, 93: 1010-1017.
33. Chen L, Hu N, Wang C, et al. Long non-coding RNA CCAT1 promotes multiple myeloma progression by acting as a molecular sponge of miR-181a-5p to modulate HOXA1 expression. Cell Cycle, 2018, 17(3): 319-329.
34. Li YF, Zhu GY, Ma Y, et al. lncRNA CCAT1 contributes to the growth and invasion of gastric cancer viatargeting miR-219-1. J Cell Biochem. 2017 Dec 12. doi: 10.1002/jcb.26560.
35. Zhou B, Wang Y, Jiang J, et al. The long noncoding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript-1/miR-490 axis regulates gastric cancer cell migration by targeting hnRNPA1. IUBMB Life, 2016, 68(3): 201-210.
36. Buvoli M, Cobianchi F, Biamonti G, et al. Recombinant hnRNP protein A1 and its N-terminal domain show preferential affinity for oligodeoxynucleotides homologous to intron/exon acceptor sites. Nucleic Acids Res, 1990, 18(22): 6595-6600.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Research progress of long non-coding RNA CCAT1 and gastric cancer

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