Recent advances of related biomarkers in early diagnosis of gastric cancer_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

LÜ Haibing , DAI Zhicheng ,  ZOU Xiaoming

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

ZOU Xiaoming, Email: zou4930@163.com

Keywords：

gastric cancer; biomarker; long non-coding RNA; circular RNA; exosome

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.202010116

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To understand the research progress of related biomarkers in early diagnosis of gastric cancer in recent years.Method The domestic and foregin literatures on studies of biomarkers of early diagnosis of gastric cancer in recent years were reviewed.Results At present, the sensitivity and specificity of serum tumor biomarkers of gastric cancer such as CEA and CA19-9 were lower, so the molecular markers that could predict, screen, and diagnose gastric cancer in the early stage were further explored. The recent studies suggested that microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, exosome, etc. molecular markers in early diagnosis of gastric cancer had better prospects of clinilal application.Conclusion With the continuous development of molecular biology technology, the values of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, DNA, etc. in early diagnosis of gastric cancer would be further explored.

Citation： LÜ Haibing, DAI Zhicheng, ZOU Xiaoming. Recent advances of related biomarkers in early diagnosis of gastric cancer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2021, 28(8): 1108-1113. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.202010116 Copy

1.	Muñoz M, Rosso M, Carranza A, et al. Increased nuclear localization of substance P in human gastric tumor cells. Acta Histochem, 2017, 119(3): 337-342.
2.	刘揆亮, 吴静. 胃肠道肿瘤早期诊断分子标志物研究进展. 中国实用内科杂志, 2015, 35(3): 199-201.
3.	Matsuoka T, Yashiro M. Biomarkers of gastric cancer: Current topics and future perspective. World J Gastroenterol, 2018, 24(26): 2818-2832.
4.	Kim H, Wang X, Jin P. Developing DNA methylation-based diagnostic biomarkers. J Genet Genomics, 2018, 45(2): 87-97.
5.	孙昌裕, 邓靖宇, 梁寒. 早期胃癌体液中分子标志物研究进展. 中国肿瘤临床, 2016, 43(13): 577-580.
6.	雷彩琴, 原丽莉. 胃癌早期诊断相关血清肿瘤标志物的研究进展. 山东医药, 2020, 60(10): 87-91.
7.	Guo L, Huang C, Ji QJ. Aberrant promoter hypermethylation of p16, survivin, and retinoblastoma in gastric cancer. Bratisl Lek Listy, 2017, 118(3): 164-168.
8.	Peng D, Zhang H, Sun G. The relationship between P16 gene promoter methylation and gastric cancer: a meta-analysis based on Chinese patients. J Cancer Res Ther, 2014, 10 Suppl: 292-295.
9.	Saliminejad K, Soleymani Fard S, Khorram Khorshid HR, et al. Methylation analysis of P16, RASSF1A, RPRM, and RUNX3 in circulating cell-free DNA for detection of gastric cancer: a validation study. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol, 2020, 12(2): 99-106.
10.	Hu Y, Ma P, Feng Y, et al. Predictive value of the serum RASSF10 promoter methylation status in gastric cancer. J Int Med Res, 2019, 47(7): 2890-2900.
11.	Stojanovic J, Tognetto A, Tiziano DF, et al. MicroRNAs expression profiles as diagnostic biomarkers of gastric cancer: a systematic literature review. Biomarkers, 2019, 24(2): 110-119.
12.	Kanda M, Kodera Y. Recent advances in the molecular diagnostics of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2015, 21(34): 9838-9852.
13.	Ranjbar R, Hesari A, Ghasemi F, et al. Expression of microRNAs and IRAK1 pathway genes are altered in gastric cancer patients with Helicobacter pylori infection. J Cell Biochem, 2018, 119(9): 7570-7576.
14.	Emami SS, Nekouian R, Akbari A, et al. Evaluation of circulating miR-21 and miR-222 as diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer. J Cancer Res Ther, 2019, 15(1): 115-119.
15.	Sawaki K, Kanda M, Kodera Y. Review of recent efforts to discover biomarkers for early detection, monitoring, prognosis, and prediction of treatment responses of patients with gastric cancer. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2018, 12(7): 657-670.
16.	Wang J, Song YX, Wang ZN. Non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. Gene, 2015, 560(1): 1-8.
17.	Zong W, Ju S, Jing R, et al. Long non-coding RNA-mediated regulation of signaling pathways in gastric cancer. Clin Chem Lab Med, 2018, 56(11): 1828-1837.
18.	Rathinasamy B, Velmurugan BK. Role of lncRNAs in the cancer development and progression and their regulation by various phytochemicals. Biomed Pharmacother, 2018, 102: 242-248.
19.	Dong L, Qi P, Xu MD, et al. Circulating CUDR, LSINCT-5 and PTENP1 long noncoding RNAs in sera distinguish patients with gastric cancer from healthy controls. Int J Cancer, 2015, 137(5): 1128-1135.
20.	Zhou X, Yin C, Dang Y, et al. Identification of the long non-coding RNA H19 in plasma as a novel biomarker for diagnosis of gastric cancer. Sci Rep, 2015, 5: 11516.
21.	Wang J, Sun J, Wang J, et al. Long noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer: functions and clinical applications. Onco Targets Ther, 2016, 9: 681-697.
22.	Yörüker EE, Keskin M, Kulle CB, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating lncRNA H19 in gastric cancer. Biomed Rep, 2018, 9(2): 181-186.
23.	Ruan Y, Li Z, Shen Y, et al. Functions of circular RNAs and their potential applications in gastric cancer. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020, 14(2): 85-92.
24.	Chen LL. The biogenesis and emerging roles of circular RNAs. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2016, 17(4): 205-211.
25.	Li R, Jiang J, Shi H, et al. CircRNA: a rising star in gastric cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2020, 77(9): 1661-1680.
26.	Shao Y, Li J, Lu R, et al. Global circular RNA expression profile of human gastric cancer and its clinical significance. Cancer Med, 2017, 6(6): 1173-1180.
27.	Li T, Shao Y, Fu L, et al. Plasma circular RNA profiling of patients with gastric cancer and their droplet digital RT-PCR detection. J Mol Med (Berl), 2018, 96(1): 85-96.
28.	Necula L, Matei L, Dragu D, et al. Recent advances in gastric cancer early diagnosis. World J Gastroenterol, 2019, 25(17): 2029-2044.
29.	Huang YS, Jie N, Zou KJ, et al. Expression profile of circular RNAs in human gastric cancer tissues. Mol Med Rep, 2017, 16(3): 2469-2476.
30.	Kang C, Lee Y, Lee JE. Recent advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomics of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2016, 22(37): 8283-8293.
31.	Yoon JH, Choi WS, Kim O, et al. Gastrokine 1 inhibits gastric cancer cell migration and invasion by downregulating RhoA expression. Gastric Cancer, 2017, 20(2): 274-285.
32.	Altieri F, Di Stadio CS, Federico A, et al. Epigenetic alterations of gastrokine 1 gene expression in gastric cancer. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(10): 16899-16911.
33.	Stella di Stadio C, Faraonio R, Federico A, et al. GKN1 expression in gastric cancer cells is negatively regulated by miR-544a. Biochimie, 2019, 167: 42-48.
34.	Gao W, Xu J, Wang F, et al. Plasma membrane proteomic analysis of human gastric cancer tissues: revealing flotillin 1 as a marker for gastric cancer. BMC Cancer, 2015, 15: 367.
35.	Shimura T, Dayde D, Wang H, et al. Novel urinary protein biomarker panel for early diagnosis of gastric cancer. Br J Cancer, 2020, 123(11): 1656-1664.
36.	Neumann MHD, Bender S, Krahn T, et al. ctDNA and CTCs in liquid biopsy—Current status and where we need to progress. Comput Struct Biotechnol J, 2018, 16: 190-195.
37.	Pantel K, Alix-Panabières C. Liquid biopsy in 2016: Circulating tumour cells and cell-free DNA in gastrointestinal cancer. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2017, 14(2): 73-74.
38.	Beeharry MK, Liu WT, Yan M, et al. New blood markers detection technology: A leap in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2016, 22(3): 1202-1212.
39.	Kang HM, Kim GH, Jeon HK, et al. Circulating tumor cells detected by lab-on-a-disc: Role in early diagnosis of gastric cancer. PLoS One, 2017, 12(6): e0180251.
40.	郭迎雪, 李贵新, 李方超, 等. 胃癌中循环肿瘤细胞与临床特征的关系. 潍坊医学院学报, 2016, 38(1): 73-75.
41.	Li TT, Liu H, Yu J, et al. Prognostic and predictive blood biomarkers in gastric cancer and the potential application of circulating tumor cells. World J Gastroenterol, 2018, 24(21): 2236-2246.
42.	Wu R, Shi C, Chen Q, et al. Detection of circulating tumor cell DNA for monitoring advanced gastric cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 2020, 13(2): 203-211.
43.	Sumbal S, Javed A, Afroze B, et al. Circulating tumor DNA in blood: Future genomic biomarkers for cancer detection. Exp Hematol, 2018, 65: 17-28.
44.	Qi Q, Pan YF, Shen JJ, et al. Circulating DNA for detection of gastric cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2016, 20(12): 2558-2564.
45.	Gao Y, Zhang K, Xi H, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating tumor DNA in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(4): 6330-6340.
46.	Shoda K, Ichikawa D, Fujita Y, et al. Clinical utility of circulating cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA in patients with gastric cancer. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(17): 28796-28804.
47.	Qian C, Ju S, Qi J, et al. Alu-based cell-free DNA: a novel biomarker for screening of gastric cancer. Oncotarget, 2016, 8(33): 54037-54045.
48.	Greening DW, Gopal SK, Mathias RA, et al. Emerging roles of exosomes during epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer progression. Semin Cell Dev Biol, 2015, 40: 60-71.
49.	Wang J, Liu Y, Sun W, et al. Plasma exosomes as novel biomarker for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer. Cancer Biomark, 2018, 21(4): 805-812.
50.	Fu M, Gu J, Jiang P, et al. Exosomes in gastric cancer: roles, mechanisms, and applications. Mol Cancer, 2019, 18(1): 41.
51.	Fu H, Yang H, Zhang X, et al. Exosomal TRIM3 is a novel marker and therapy target for gastric cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2018, 37(1): 162.
52.	Shi Y, Wang Z, Zhu X, et al. Exosomal miR-1246 in serum as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of gastric cancer. Int J Clin Oncol, 2020, 25(1): 89-99.
53.	Kahroba H, Hejazi MS, Samadi N. Exosomes: from carcinogenesis and metastasis to diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2019, 76(9): 1747-1758.
54.	Lin LY, Yang L, Zeng Q, et al. Tumor-originated exosomal lncUEGC1 as a circulating biomarker for early-stage gastric cancer. Mol Cancer, 2018, 17(1): 84.
55.	Amieva M, Peek RM. Pathobiology of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric cancer. Gastroenterology, 2016, 150(1): 64-78.
56.	Hatakeyama M. Structure and function of Helicobacter pylori CagA, the first-identified bacterial protein involved in human cancer. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci, 2017, 93(4): 196-219.
57.	McClain MS, Beckett AC, Cover TL. Helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin and gastric cancer. Toxins (Basel), 2017, 9(10): 316.
58.	Shah MA. Gastric cancer: The gastric microbiota—bacterial diversity and implications. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2017, 14(12): 692-693.
59.	Hu YL, Pang W, Huang Y, et al. The gastric microbiome is perturbed in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma identified through Shotgun metagenomics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2018, 8: 433.

1. Muñoz M, Rosso M, Carranza A, et al. Increased nuclear localization of substance P in human gastric tumor cells. Acta Histochem, 2017, 119(3): 337-342.
2. 刘揆亮, 吴静. 胃肠道肿瘤早期诊断分子标志物研究进展. 中国实用内科杂志, 2015, 35(3): 199-201.
3. Matsuoka T, Yashiro M. Biomarkers of gastric cancer: Current topics and future perspective. World J Gastroenterol, 2018, 24(26): 2818-2832.
4. Kim H, Wang X, Jin P. Developing DNA methylation-based diagnostic biomarkers. J Genet Genomics, 2018, 45(2): 87-97.
5. 孙昌裕, 邓靖宇, 梁寒. 早期胃癌体液中分子标志物研究进展. 中国肿瘤临床, 2016, 43(13): 577-580.
6. 雷彩琴, 原丽莉. 胃癌早期诊断相关血清肿瘤标志物的研究进展. 山东医药, 2020, 60(10): 87-91.
7. Guo L, Huang C, Ji QJ. Aberrant promoter hypermethylation of p16, survivin, and retinoblastoma in gastric cancer. Bratisl Lek Listy, 2017, 118(3): 164-168.
8. Peng D, Zhang H, Sun G. The relationship between P16 gene promoter methylation and gastric cancer: a meta-analysis based on Chinese patients. J Cancer Res Ther, 2014, 10 Suppl: 292-295.
9. Saliminejad K, Soleymani Fard S, Khorram Khorshid HR, et al. Methylation analysis of P16, RASSF1A, RPRM, and RUNX3 in circulating cell-free DNA for detection of gastric cancer: a validation study. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol, 2020, 12(2): 99-106.
10. Hu Y, Ma P, Feng Y, et al. Predictive value of the serum RASSF10 promoter methylation status in gastric cancer. J Int Med Res, 2019, 47(7): 2890-2900.
11. Stojanovic J, Tognetto A, Tiziano DF, et al. MicroRNAs expression profiles as diagnostic biomarkers of gastric cancer: a systematic literature review. Biomarkers, 2019, 24(2): 110-119.
12. Kanda M, Kodera Y. Recent advances in the molecular diagnostics of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2015, 21(34): 9838-9852.
13. Ranjbar R, Hesari A, Ghasemi F, et al. Expression of microRNAs and IRAK1 pathway genes are altered in gastric cancer patients with Helicobacter pylori infection. J Cell Biochem, 2018, 119(9): 7570-7576.
14. Emami SS, Nekouian R, Akbari A, et al. Evaluation of circulating miR-21 and miR-222 as diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer. J Cancer Res Ther, 2019, 15(1): 115-119.
15. Sawaki K, Kanda M, Kodera Y. Review of recent efforts to discover biomarkers for early detection, monitoring, prognosis, and prediction of treatment responses of patients with gastric cancer. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2018, 12(7): 657-670.
16. Wang J, Song YX, Wang ZN. Non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. Gene, 2015, 560(1): 1-8.
17. Zong W, Ju S, Jing R, et al. Long non-coding RNA-mediated regulation of signaling pathways in gastric cancer. Clin Chem Lab Med, 2018, 56(11): 1828-1837.
18. Rathinasamy B, Velmurugan BK. Role of lncRNAs in the cancer development and progression and their regulation by various phytochemicals. Biomed Pharmacother, 2018, 102: 242-248.
19. Dong L, Qi P, Xu MD, et al. Circulating CUDR, LSINCT-5 and PTENP1 long noncoding RNAs in sera distinguish patients with gastric cancer from healthy controls. Int J Cancer, 2015, 137(5): 1128-1135.
20. Zhou X, Yin C, Dang Y, et al. Identification of the long non-coding RNA H19 in plasma as a novel biomarker for diagnosis of gastric cancer. Sci Rep, 2015, 5: 11516.
21. Wang J, Sun J, Wang J, et al. Long noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer: functions and clinical applications. Onco Targets Ther, 2016, 9: 681-697.
22. Yörüker EE, Keskin M, Kulle CB, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating lncRNA H19 in gastric cancer. Biomed Rep, 2018, 9(2): 181-186.
23. Ruan Y, Li Z, Shen Y, et al. Functions of circular RNAs and their potential applications in gastric cancer. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020, 14(2): 85-92.
24. Chen LL. The biogenesis and emerging roles of circular RNAs. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2016, 17(4): 205-211.
25. Li R, Jiang J, Shi H, et al. CircRNA: a rising star in gastric cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2020, 77(9): 1661-1680.
26. Shao Y, Li J, Lu R, et al. Global circular RNA expression profile of human gastric cancer and its clinical significance. Cancer Med, 2017, 6(6): 1173-1180.
27. Li T, Shao Y, Fu L, et al. Plasma circular RNA profiling of patients with gastric cancer and their droplet digital RT-PCR detection. J Mol Med (Berl), 2018, 96(1): 85-96.
28. Necula L, Matei L, Dragu D, et al. Recent advances in gastric cancer early diagnosis. World J Gastroenterol, 2019, 25(17): 2029-2044.
29. Huang YS, Jie N, Zou KJ, et al. Expression profile of circular RNAs in human gastric cancer tissues. Mol Med Rep, 2017, 16(3): 2469-2476.
30. Kang C, Lee Y, Lee JE. Recent advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomics of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2016, 22(37): 8283-8293.
31. Yoon JH, Choi WS, Kim O, et al. Gastrokine 1 inhibits gastric cancer cell migration and invasion by downregulating RhoA expression. Gastric Cancer, 2017, 20(2): 274-285.
32. Altieri F, Di Stadio CS, Federico A, et al. Epigenetic alterations of gastrokine 1 gene expression in gastric cancer. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(10): 16899-16911.
33. Stella di Stadio C, Faraonio R, Federico A, et al. GKN1 expression in gastric cancer cells is negatively regulated by miR-544a. Biochimie, 2019, 167: 42-48.
34. Gao W, Xu J, Wang F, et al. Plasma membrane proteomic analysis of human gastric cancer tissues: revealing flotillin 1 as a marker for gastric cancer. BMC Cancer, 2015, 15: 367.
35. Shimura T, Dayde D, Wang H, et al. Novel urinary protein biomarker panel for early diagnosis of gastric cancer. Br J Cancer, 2020, 123(11): 1656-1664.
36. Neumann MHD, Bender S, Krahn T, et al. ctDNA and CTCs in liquid biopsy—Current status and where we need to progress. Comput Struct Biotechnol J, 2018, 16: 190-195.
37. Pantel K, Alix-Panabières C. Liquid biopsy in 2016: Circulating tumour cells and cell-free DNA in gastrointestinal cancer. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2017, 14(2): 73-74.
38. Beeharry MK, Liu WT, Yan M, et al. New blood markers detection technology: A leap in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2016, 22(3): 1202-1212.
39. Kang HM, Kim GH, Jeon HK, et al. Circulating tumor cells detected by lab-on-a-disc: Role in early diagnosis of gastric cancer. PLoS One, 2017, 12(6): e0180251.
40. 郭迎雪, 李贵新, 李方超, 等. 胃癌中循环肿瘤细胞与临床特征的关系. 潍坊医学院学报, 2016, 38(1): 73-75.
41. Li TT, Liu H, Yu J, et al. Prognostic and predictive blood biomarkers in gastric cancer and the potential application of circulating tumor cells. World J Gastroenterol, 2018, 24(21): 2236-2246.
42. Wu R, Shi C, Chen Q, et al. Detection of circulating tumor cell DNA for monitoring advanced gastric cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 2020, 13(2): 203-211.
43. Sumbal S, Javed A, Afroze B, et al. Circulating tumor DNA in blood: Future genomic biomarkers for cancer detection. Exp Hematol, 2018, 65: 17-28.
44. Qi Q, Pan YF, Shen JJ, et al. Circulating DNA for detection of gastric cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2016, 20(12): 2558-2564.
45. Gao Y, Zhang K, Xi H, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating tumor DNA in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(4): 6330-6340.
46. Shoda K, Ichikawa D, Fujita Y, et al. Clinical utility of circulating cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA in patients with gastric cancer. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(17): 28796-28804.
47. Qian C, Ju S, Qi J, et al. Alu-based cell-free DNA: a novel biomarker for screening of gastric cancer. Oncotarget, 2016, 8(33): 54037-54045.
48. Greening DW, Gopal SK, Mathias RA, et al. Emerging roles of exosomes during epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer progression. Semin Cell Dev Biol, 2015, 40: 60-71.
49. Wang J, Liu Y, Sun W, et al. Plasma exosomes as novel biomarker for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer. Cancer Biomark, 2018, 21(4): 805-812.
50. Fu M, Gu J, Jiang P, et al. Exosomes in gastric cancer: roles, mechanisms, and applications. Mol Cancer, 2019, 18(1): 41.
51. Fu H, Yang H, Zhang X, et al. Exosomal TRIM3 is a novel marker and therapy target for gastric cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2018, 37(1): 162.
52. Shi Y, Wang Z, Zhu X, et al. Exosomal miR-1246 in serum as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of gastric cancer. Int J Clin Oncol, 2020, 25(1): 89-99.
53. Kahroba H, Hejazi MS, Samadi N. Exosomes: from carcinogenesis and metastasis to diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2019, 76(9): 1747-1758.
54. Lin LY, Yang L, Zeng Q, et al. Tumor-originated exosomal lncUEGC1 as a circulating biomarker for early-stage gastric cancer. Mol Cancer, 2018, 17(1): 84.
55. Amieva M, Peek RM. Pathobiology of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric cancer. Gastroenterology, 2016, 150(1): 64-78.
56. Hatakeyama M. Structure and function of Helicobacter pylori CagA, the first-identified bacterial protein involved in human cancer. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci, 2017, 93(4): 196-219.
57. McClain MS, Beckett AC, Cover TL. Helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin and gastric cancer. Toxins (Basel), 2017, 9(10): 316.
58. Shah MA. Gastric cancer: The gastric microbiota—bacterial diversity and implications. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2017, 14(12): 692-693.
59. Hu YL, Pang W, Huang Y, et al. The gastric microbiome is perturbed in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma identified through Shotgun metagenomics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2018, 8: 433.

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CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Recent advances of related biomarkers in early diagnosis of gastric cancer

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