Clinical diagnosis and treatment analysis of liver metastasis of intracranial anaplastic solitary fibrous tumor<b>/</b>hemangiopericytoma_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

LI Xiangyang , LI Fan , ZHANG Shuze , SHAO Quannian ,  JIAO Zuoyi

Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

JIAO Zuoyi, Email: jiaozy@lzu.edu.cn

Keywords：

intracranial anaplastic solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma; liver metastasis; diagnosis; treatment

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.202104043

Video：

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Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic features of intracranial anaplastic solitary fibrous tumor (SFT)/hemangiopericytoma (HPC) and diagnosis and treatment after liver metastasis.Method The clinicopathologic data of patients with intracranial anaplastic SFT/HPC who had metastasized to the liver and other organs after surgery were collected from 2003 to 2019 in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University.Results All 3 patients with intracranial anaplastic SFT/HPC underwent surgical resection and supplemented with conventional radiotherapy after operation. After the initial intervention treatment, 2 patients relapsed at 10 years and 7 years after the operation, and 3 patients had liver metastases at 11, 7, and 6 years after the initial intervention treatment. One of them was accompanied by uterus, lung, and vertebral body metastases.Conclusions Intracranial anaplastic SFT/HPC has a high risk of recurrence and extracranial metastasis. Liver is a common target organ for metastasis of anaplastic SFT/HPC, liver metastasis is delayed after initial intervention of intracranial anaplastic SFT/HPC, it requires a long-term close follow-up.

Citation： LI Xiangyang, LI Fan, ZHANG Shuze, SHAO Quannian, JIAO Zuoyi. Clinical diagnosis and treatment analysis of liver metastasis of intracranial anaplastic solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2021, 28(12): 1593-1598. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.202104043 Copy

1.	Stout AP, Murray MR. Hemangiopericytoma: a vascular tumor featuring Zimmermann’s pericytes. Ann Surg, 1942, 116(1): 26-33.
2.	Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, et al. The 2007 WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol, 2007, 114(2): 97-109.
3.	Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G, et al. The 2016 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system: a summary. Acta Neuropathol, 2016, 131(6): 803-820.
4.	Banan R, Hartmann C. The new WHO 2016 classification of brain tumors—what neurosurgeons need to know. Acta Neurochir (Wien), 2017, 159(3): 403-418.
5.	Yalcin CE, Tihan T. Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma dichotomy revisited: a restless family of neoplasms in the CNS. Adv Anat Pathol, 2016, 23(2): 104-111.
6.	Yamashita D, Suehiro S, Kohno S, et al. Intracranial anaplastic solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma: immunohistochemical markers for definitive diagnosis. Neurosurg Rev, 2021, 44(3): 1591-1600.
7.	Ghose A, Guha G, Kundu R, et al. CNS hemangiopericytoma: a systematic review of 523 patients. Am J Clin Oncol, 2017, 40(3): 223-227.
8.	Mena H, Ribas JL, Pezeshkpour GH, et al. Hemangiopericytoma of the central nervous system: a review of 94 cases. Hum Pathol, 1991, 22(1): 84-91.
9.	Krengli M, Cena T, Zilli T, et al. Radiotherapy in the treatment of extracranial hemangiopericytoma/solitary fibrous tumor: study from the Rare Cancer Network. Radiother Oncol, 2020, 144: 114-120.
10.	Sung KS, Moon JH, Kim EH, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma: treatment results based on the 2016 WHO classification. J Neurosurg, 2019, 130(2): 418-425.
11.	Kim BS, Kim Y, Kong DS, et al. Clinical outcomes of intracranial solitary fibrous tumor and hemangiopericytoma: analysis according to the 2016 WHO classification of central nervous system tumors. J Neurosurg, 2018, 129(6): 1384-1396.
12.	Alén JF, Lobato RD, Gómez PA, et al. Intracranial hemangiopericytoma: study of 12 cases. Acta Neurochir, 2001, 143(6): 575-586.
13.	Fountas KN, Kapsalaki E, Kassam M, et al. Management of intracranial menin-geal hemangiopericytomas: outcome and experience. Neurosurg Rev, 2006, 29(2): 145-153.
14.	Rutkowski MJ, Jian BJ, Bloch O, et al. Intracranial hemangiopericytoma: clinical experience and treatment considerations in a modern series of 40 adult patients. Cancer, 2012, 118(6): 1628-1636.
15.	Zweckberger K, Jung CS, Mueller W, et al. Hemangiopericytomas grade Ⅱ are not benign tumors. Acta Neurochir, 2011, 153(2): 385-394.
16.	Bisceglia M, Dimitri L, Giannatempo G, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor of the central nervous system: report of an additional 5 cases with comprehensive literature review. Int J Surg Pathol, 2011, 19(4): 476-486.
17.	Coffey RJ, Cascino TL, Shaw EG. Radiosurgical treatment of recurrent hemangiopericytomas of the meninges: preliminary results. J Neurosurg, 1993, 78(6): 903-908.
18.	Jaaskelainen J, Servo A, Haltia M, et al. Intracranial hemangiopericytoma: radiology, surgery, radiotherapy, and outcome in 21 patients. Surg Neurol, 1985, 23(3): 227-236.
19.	Shetty PM, Moiyadi AV, Sridhar E. Primary CNS hemangiopericytoma presenting as an intraparenchymal mass—case report and review of literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg, 2010, 112(3): 261-264.
20.	Kinslow CJ, Rajpara RS, Wu CC, et al. Invasiveness is associated with metastasis and decreased survival in hemangiopericytoma of the central nervous system. J Neurooncol, 2017, 133(2): 409-417.
21.	Tihan T, Viglione M, Rosenblum MK, et al. Solitary fibrous tumors in the central nervous system. A clinicopathologic review of 18 cases and comparison to meningeal hemangiopericytomas. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2003, 127(4): 432-439.
22.	Ogawa K, Tada T, Takahashi S, et al. Malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the meninges. Virchows Arch, 2004, 444(5): 459-464.
23.	Osuga T, Hayashi T, Ishiwatari H, et al. Pancreatic metastasis from a solitary fibrous tumor of the central nervous system. JOP, 2014, 15(1): 58-62.
24.	Ecker RD, Marsh WR, Pollock BE, et al. Hemangiopericytoma in the central nervous system: treatment, pathological features, and long-term follow up in 38 patients. J Neurosurg, 2003, 98(6): 1182-1187.
25.	Kano H, Niranjan A, Kondziolka D, et al. Adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery after resection of intracranial hemangiopericytomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2008, 72(5): 1333-1339.
26.	Kim BS, Kong DS, Seol HJ, et al. Gamma knife radiosurgery for residual or recurrent intracranial hemangiopericytomas. J Clin Neurosci, 2017, 35: 35-41.
27.	Tian R, Hao S, Hou Z, et al. Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of recurrent hemangiopericytoma in the central nervous system: a review of 46 cases. J Neurooncol, 2013, 115(1): 53-59.
28.	Ratneswaren T, Hogg FRA, Gallagher MJ, et al. Surveillance for metastatic hemangiopericytoma-solitary fibrous tumors—systematic literature review on incidence, predictors and diagnosis of extracranial disease. J Neurooncol, 2018, 138(3): 447-467.
29.	Chen LF, Yang Y, Yu XG, et al. Multimodal treatment and management strategies for intracranial hemangiopericytoma. J Clin Neurosci, 2015, 22(4): 718-725.
30.	Damodaran O, Robbins P, Knuckey N, et al. Primary intracranial haemangiopericytoma: comparison of survival outcomes and metastatic potential in WHO grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ variants. J Clin Neurosci, 2014, 21(8): 1310-1314.
31.	De Martin E, Coilly A, Guettier C, et al. Liver metastases from meningeal hemangiopericytoma. Liver Int, 2015, 35(10): 2337.
32.	Piñero F, Dirchwolf M, Pessôa MG. Biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnosis, prognosis and treatment response assessment. Cells, 2020, 9(6): 1370.
33.	Yasen A, Ran B, Jiang TM, et al. Liver metastasis and local recurrence of meningeal hemangiopericytoma: a case report. Transl Cancer Res, 2020, 9(2): 1278-1283.
34.	Yusoff AR, Mokhtar S, Raman K, et al. Extraneural metastasis of meningeal haemangiopericytoma to the liver. Turk J Gastroenterol, 2019, 30(9): 848-850.
35.	Urata K, Ikegami T, Nakazawa Y, et al. Living-donor liver transplantation for hepatic metastasis from meningeal hemangiopericytoma: a case report. Transplant Proc, 2015, 47(7): 2274-2277.
36.	Chan WS, Zhang J, Khong PL. ¹⁸F-FDG-PET-CT imaging findings of recurrent intracranial haemangiopericytoma with distant metastases. Br J Radiol, 2010, 83(992): e172-e174.

1. Stout AP, Murray MR. Hemangiopericytoma: a vascular tumor featuring Zimmermann’s pericytes. Ann Surg, 1942, 116(1): 26-33.
2. Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD, et al. The 2007 WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol, 2007, 114(2): 97-109.
3. Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G, et al. The 2016 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system: a summary. Acta Neuropathol, 2016, 131(6): 803-820.
4. Banan R, Hartmann C. The new WHO 2016 classification of brain tumors—what neurosurgeons need to know. Acta Neurochir (Wien), 2017, 159(3): 403-418.
5. Yalcin CE, Tihan T. Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma dichotomy revisited: a restless family of neoplasms in the CNS. Adv Anat Pathol, 2016, 23(2): 104-111.
6. Yamashita D, Suehiro S, Kohno S, et al. Intracranial anaplastic solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma: immunohistochemical markers for definitive diagnosis. Neurosurg Rev, 2021, 44(3): 1591-1600.
7. Ghose A, Guha G, Kundu R, et al. CNS hemangiopericytoma: a systematic review of 523 patients. Am J Clin Oncol, 2017, 40(3): 223-227.
8. Mena H, Ribas JL, Pezeshkpour GH, et al. Hemangiopericytoma of the central nervous system: a review of 94 cases. Hum Pathol, 1991, 22(1): 84-91.
9. Krengli M, Cena T, Zilli T, et al. Radiotherapy in the treatment of extracranial hemangiopericytoma/solitary fibrous tumor: study from the Rare Cancer Network. Radiother Oncol, 2020, 144: 114-120.
10. Sung KS, Moon JH, Kim EH, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma: treatment results based on the 2016 WHO classification. J Neurosurg, 2019, 130(2): 418-425.
11. Kim BS, Kim Y, Kong DS, et al. Clinical outcomes of intracranial solitary fibrous tumor and hemangiopericytoma: analysis according to the 2016 WHO classification of central nervous system tumors. J Neurosurg, 2018, 129(6): 1384-1396.
12. Alén JF, Lobato RD, Gómez PA, et al. Intracranial hemangiopericytoma: study of 12 cases. Acta Neurochir, 2001, 143(6): 575-586.
13. Fountas KN, Kapsalaki E, Kassam M, et al. Management of intracranial menin-geal hemangiopericytomas: outcome and experience. Neurosurg Rev, 2006, 29(2): 145-153.
14. Rutkowski MJ, Jian BJ, Bloch O, et al. Intracranial hemangiopericytoma: clinical experience and treatment considerations in a modern series of 40 adult patients. Cancer, 2012, 118(6): 1628-1636.
15. Zweckberger K, Jung CS, Mueller W, et al. Hemangiopericytomas grade Ⅱ are not benign tumors. Acta Neurochir, 2011, 153(2): 385-394.
16. Bisceglia M, Dimitri L, Giannatempo G, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor of the central nervous system: report of an additional 5 cases with comprehensive literature review. Int J Surg Pathol, 2011, 19(4): 476-486.
17. Coffey RJ, Cascino TL, Shaw EG. Radiosurgical treatment of recurrent hemangiopericytomas of the meninges: preliminary results. J Neurosurg, 1993, 78(6): 903-908.
18. Jaaskelainen J, Servo A, Haltia M, et al. Intracranial hemangiopericytoma: radiology, surgery, radiotherapy, and outcome in 21 patients. Surg Neurol, 1985, 23(3): 227-236.
19. Shetty PM, Moiyadi AV, Sridhar E. Primary CNS hemangiopericytoma presenting as an intraparenchymal mass—case report and review of literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg, 2010, 112(3): 261-264.
20. Kinslow CJ, Rajpara RS, Wu CC, et al. Invasiveness is associated with metastasis and decreased survival in hemangiopericytoma of the central nervous system. J Neurooncol, 2017, 133(2): 409-417.
21. Tihan T, Viglione M, Rosenblum MK, et al. Solitary fibrous tumors in the central nervous system. A clinicopathologic review of 18 cases and comparison to meningeal hemangiopericytomas. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2003, 127(4): 432-439.
22. Ogawa K, Tada T, Takahashi S, et al. Malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the meninges. Virchows Arch, 2004, 444(5): 459-464.
23. Osuga T, Hayashi T, Ishiwatari H, et al. Pancreatic metastasis from a solitary fibrous tumor of the central nervous system. JOP, 2014, 15(1): 58-62.
24. Ecker RD, Marsh WR, Pollock BE, et al. Hemangiopericytoma in the central nervous system: treatment, pathological features, and long-term follow up in 38 patients. J Neurosurg, 2003, 98(6): 1182-1187.
25. Kano H, Niranjan A, Kondziolka D, et al. Adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery after resection of intracranial hemangiopericytomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2008, 72(5): 1333-1339.
26. Kim BS, Kong DS, Seol HJ, et al. Gamma knife radiosurgery for residual or recurrent intracranial hemangiopericytomas. J Clin Neurosci, 2017, 35: 35-41.
27. Tian R, Hao S, Hou Z, et al. Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of recurrent hemangiopericytoma in the central nervous system: a review of 46 cases. J Neurooncol, 2013, 115(1): 53-59.
28. Ratneswaren T, Hogg FRA, Gallagher MJ, et al. Surveillance for metastatic hemangiopericytoma-solitary fibrous tumors—systematic literature review on incidence, predictors and diagnosis of extracranial disease. J Neurooncol, 2018, 138(3): 447-467.
29. Chen LF, Yang Y, Yu XG, et al. Multimodal treatment and management strategies for intracranial hemangiopericytoma. J Clin Neurosci, 2015, 22(4): 718-725.
30. Damodaran O, Robbins P, Knuckey N, et al. Primary intracranial haemangiopericytoma: comparison of survival outcomes and metastatic potential in WHO grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ variants. J Clin Neurosci, 2014, 21(8): 1310-1314.
31. De Martin E, Coilly A, Guettier C, et al. Liver metastases from meningeal hemangiopericytoma. Liver Int, 2015, 35(10): 2337.
32. Piñero F, Dirchwolf M, Pessôa MG. Biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnosis, prognosis and treatment response assessment. Cells, 2020, 9(6): 1370.
33. Yasen A, Ran B, Jiang TM, et al. Liver metastasis and local recurrence of meningeal hemangiopericytoma: a case report. Transl Cancer Res, 2020, 9(2): 1278-1283.
34. Yusoff AR, Mokhtar S, Raman K, et al. Extraneural metastasis of meningeal haemangiopericytoma to the liver. Turk J Gastroenterol, 2019, 30(9): 848-850.
35. Urata K, Ikegami T, Nakazawa Y, et al. Living-donor liver transplantation for hepatic metastasis from meningeal hemangiopericytoma: a case report. Transplant Proc, 2015, 47(7): 2274-2277.
36. Chan WS, Zhang J, Khong PL. ¹⁸F-FDG-PET-CT imaging findings of recurrent intracranial haemangiopericytoma with distant metastases. Br J Radiol, 2010, 83(992): e172-e174.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Clinical diagnosis and treatment analysis of liver metastasis of intracranial anaplastic solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma

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