CHEN Xinming , ZHAO Pingwu , HE Yunsheng , HUANG Kun , HUANG Chaoling , LIU Yang , LIAO Fengwan
  • Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Mianyang Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P. R. China;
ZHAO Pingwu, Email: zhaopingwu01@hotmail.com
cheese; tea; Mendelian randomization; gastroesophageal reflux disease; causal inference
10.7507/1007-9424.202404018
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Objective To analyze the causal relationship between the intake of cheese or tea and the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Methods Using a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with milk or tea intake were used as instrumental variables. The causal effect of milk or tea intake on the risk of GERD was investigated using the MR Egger method, the weighted median method, the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) random-effects model, and the IVW fixed-effects model. Multivariable analysis was conducted using the MR Egger method, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was performed to validate the reliability of the data. Results Cheese intake could reduce the occurrence of GERD [IVW random-effects model β=-1.010, 95%CI (0.265, 0.502), P<0.05], while tea intake could lead to the occurrence of GERD [IVW random-effects model β=0.288, 95%CI (1.062, 1.673), P<0.05]. Conclusion Cheese intake may have a positive causal relationship with reducing the risk of GERD occurrence, while tea intake may have a positive causal relationship with increasing the risk of GERD occurrence.