人 β-防御素和维生素 D 在社区获得性肺炎中的临床应用进展_Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Authors：

翟惠芬 ,  徐波 ,  王浩彦

首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院呼吸内科（北京 100050）;

Corresponding author：

徐波, Email: xubo_ally@126.com; 王浩彦, Email: haoyanw@126.com

Keywords：

DOI：

10.7507/1671-6205.201803014

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Citation： 翟惠芬, 徐波, 王浩彦. 人 β-防御素和维生素 D 在社区获得性肺炎中的临床应用进展. Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2018, 17(6): 629-632. doi: 10.7507/1671-6205.201803014 Copy

1.	van Wetering S, Sterk PJ, Rabe KF, et al. Defensins: key players or bystanders in infection, injury, and repair in the lung?. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1999, 104(6): 1131-1138.
2.	Beisswenger C, Bals R. Antimicrobial peptides in lung inflammation. Chem Immunol Allergy, 2005, 86: 55-71.
3.	Xue M, Xiao B, Yun X, et al. Antimicrobial peptides: important roles in human. J Pathol Biol, 2009, 4(4): 301-307.
4.	Hiratsuka T, Nakazato M, Date Y, et al. Identification of human beta-defensin-2 in respiratory tract and plasma and its increase in bacterial pneumonia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1998, 249(3): 943-947.
5.	Ishimoto H, Mukae H, Date Y, et al. Identification of hBD-3 in respiratory tract and serum: the increase in pneumonia. Eur Respir J, 2006, 27(2): 253-260.
6.	Hiemstra PS. Defensins and cathelicidins in inflammatory lung disease: beyond antimicrobial activity. Biochem Soc Trans, 2006, 34(Pt 2): 276-278.
7.	Shuler FD, Hendrix J, Hodroge S, et al. Antibiotic-like actions of vitamin D. W V Med J, 2013, 109(1): 22-25.
8.	Schwalfenberg GK. A review of the critical role of vitamin D in the functioning of the immune system and the clinical implications of vitamin D deficiency. Mol Nutr Food Res, 2011, 55(1): 96-108.
9.	Laaksi I. Vitamin D and respiratory infection in adults. Proc Nutr Soc, 2012, 71(1): 90-97.
10.	Wang TT, Nestel FP, Bourdeau V, et al. Cutting edge: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a direct inducer of antimicrobial peptide gene expression. J Immunol, 2004, 173(5): 2909-2912.
11.	Adams JS. Vitamin D as a defensin. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact, 2006, 6(4): 344-346.
12.	Kulkarni NN, Yi Z, Huehnken C, et al. henylbutyrate induces cathelicidin expression via the vitamin D receptor: linkage to inflammatory and growth factor cytokines pathways. Mol Immunol, 2015, 63(2): 530-539.
13.	Nickel D, Busch M, Mayer D, et al. Hypoxia triggers the expression of human beta defensin 2 and antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human macrophages. J Immunol, 2012, 188(8): 4001-4007.
14.	Kulkarni NN, Gunnarsson HI, Yi Z, et al. Glucocorticoid dexamethasone down-regulates basal and vitamin D3 induced cathelicidin expression in human monocytes and bronchial epithelial cell line. Immunobiology, 2016, 221(2): 245-252.
15.	Klug-Micu GM, Stenger S, Sommer A, et al. CD40 ligand and interferon-gamma induce an antimicrobial response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human monocytes. Immunology, 2013, 139(1): 121-128.
16.	Edfeldt K, Liu PT, Chun R, et al. T-cell cytokines differentially control human monocyte antimicrobial responses by regulating vitamin D metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2010, 107(52): 22593-22598.
17.	Liu PT, Schenk M, Walker VP, et al. Convergence of IL-1beta and VDR activation pathways in human TLR2/1-induced antimicrobial responses. PLoS One, 2009, 4(6): e5810.
18.	Olmos-Ortiz A, Noyola-Martínez N, Barrera D, et al. IL-10 inhibits while calcitriol reestablishes placental antimicrobial peptides gene expression. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 2015, 148: 187-193.
19.	Amado Diago CA, Garcia-Unzueta MT, Farinas Mdel C, et al. Calcitriol-modulated human antibiotics: new pathophysiological aspects of vitamin D. Endocrinol Nutr, 2016, 63(2): 87-94.
20.	Merriman KE, Poindexter MB, Kweh MF, et al. Intramammary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ treatment increases expression of host-defense genes in mammary immune cells of lactating dairy cattle. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 2017, 173: 33-41.
21.	何丽蓉, 刘松, 贺正一. 外周血人 β-防御素 2 在下呼吸道感染患者的急、慢性气道炎症中的临床研究. 国际呼吸杂志, 2010, 30(8): 467-471.
22.	刘松, 何丽蓉, 贺正一, 等. β-防御素 2 与下呼吸道感染患者全身炎症反应的关系. 中国呼吸与危重监护杂志, 2010, 9(1): 12-14.
23.	Harimurti K, Djauzi S, Witarto AB, et al. Human β-defensin 2 concentration of respiratory tract mucosa in elderly patients with pneumonia and its associated factors. Acta Med Indones, 2011, 43(4): 218-223.
24.	Leow L, Simpson T, Cursons R, et al. Vitamin D, innate immunity and outcomes in community acquired pneumonia. Respirology, 2011, 16(4): 611-616.
25.	Liu S, He LR, Wang W, et al. Prognostic value of plasma human beta-defensin 2 level on short-term clinical outcomes in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a preliminary study. Respir Care, 2013, 58(4): 655-661.
26.	Dinlen N, Zenciroglu A, Beken S, et al. Association of vitamin D deficiency with acute lower respiratory tract infections in newborns. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 2016, 29(6): 928-932.
27.	任静, 孙斌, 缪珀, 等. 血清维生素 D 水平与幼龄儿童社区获得性肺炎严重程度及危险因素的相关性研究. 中国当代儿科杂志, 2013, 15(7): 519-521.
28.	Chowdhury R, Taneja S, Bhandari N, et al. Vitamin-D deficiency predicts infections in young north Indian children: a secondary data analysis. PLoS One, 2017, 12(3): e0170509.
29.	Aregbesola A, Voutilainen S, Nurmi T, et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and the risk of pneumonia in an ageing general population. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2013, 67(6): 533-536.
30.	Quraishi SA, Bittner EA, Christopher KB, et al. Vitamin D status and community-acquired pneumonia: results from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PLoS One, 2013, 8(11): e81120.
31.	Asamura T, Ohrui T, Nakayama K, et al. Low serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D level and risk of respiratory infections in institutionalized older people. Gerontology, 2010, 56(6): 542-543.
32.	Jovanovich AJ, Ginde AA, Holmen J, et al. Vitamin D level and risk of community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis. Nutrients, 2014, 6(6): 2196-2205.
33.	Pletz MW, Terkamp C, Schumacher U, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in community-acquired pneumonia: low levels of 1,25(OH)₂ D are associated with disease severity. Respir Res, 2014, 15: 53.
34.	Roth DE, Jones AB, Prosser C, et al. Vitamin D status is not associated with the risk of hospitalization for acute bronchiolitis in early childhood. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2009, 63(2): 297-299.
35.	Banajeh SM. Nutritional rickets and vitamin D deficiency--association with the outcomes of childhood very severe pneumonia: a prospective cohort study. Pediatr Pulmonol, 2009, 44(12): 1207-1215.
36.	Remmelts HH, van de Garde EM, Meijvis SC, et al. Addition of vitamin D status to prognostic scores improves the prediction of outcome in community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis, 2012, 55(11): 1488-1494.
37.	Kim HJ, Jang JG, Hong KS, et al. Relationship between serum vitamin D concentrations and clinical outcome of community-acquired pneumonia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 2015, 19(6): 729-734.
38.	Holter JC, Ueland T, Norseth J, et al. Vitamin D status and long-term mortality in community-acquired pneumonia: secondary data analysis from a prospective cohort. PLoS One, 2016, 11(7): e0158536.
39.	Grant WB. Vitamin D supplementation could reduce the risk of type A influenza infection and subsequent pneumonia. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2010, 29(10): 987.
40.	Manaseki-Holland S, Qader G, Isaq Masher M, et al. Effects of vitamin D supplementation to children diagnosed with pneumonia in Kabul: a randomised controlled trial. Trop Med Int Health, 2010, 15(10): 1148-1155.
41.	Manaseki-Holland S, Maroof Z, Bruce J, et al. Effect on the incidence of pneumonia of vitamin D supplementation by quarterly bolus dose to infants in Kabul: a randomised controlled superiority trial. Lancet, 2012, 379(9824): 1419-1427.
42.	Choudhary N, Gupta P. Vitamin D supplementation for severe pneumonia-a randomized controlled trial. Indian Pediatr, 2012, 49(6): 449-454.
43.	Remmelts HH, Spoorenberg SM, Oosterheert JJ, et al. The role of vitamin D supplementation in the risk of developing pneumonia: three independent case-control studies. Thorax, 2013, 68(11): 990-996.

1. van Wetering S, Sterk PJ, Rabe KF, et al. Defensins: key players or bystanders in infection, injury, and repair in the lung?. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1999, 104(6): 1131-1138.
2. Beisswenger C, Bals R. Antimicrobial peptides in lung inflammation. Chem Immunol Allergy, 2005, 86: 55-71.
3. Xue M, Xiao B, Yun X, et al. Antimicrobial peptides: important roles in human. J Pathol Biol, 2009, 4(4): 301-307.
4. Hiratsuka T, Nakazato M, Date Y, et al. Identification of human beta-defensin-2 in respiratory tract and plasma and its increase in bacterial pneumonia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1998, 249(3): 943-947.
5. Ishimoto H, Mukae H, Date Y, et al. Identification of hBD-3 in respiratory tract and serum: the increase in pneumonia. Eur Respir J, 2006, 27(2): 253-260.
6. Hiemstra PS. Defensins and cathelicidins in inflammatory lung disease: beyond antimicrobial activity. Biochem Soc Trans, 2006, 34(Pt 2): 276-278.
7. Shuler FD, Hendrix J, Hodroge S, et al. Antibiotic-like actions of vitamin D. W V Med J, 2013, 109(1): 22-25.
8. Schwalfenberg GK. A review of the critical role of vitamin D in the functioning of the immune system and the clinical implications of vitamin D deficiency. Mol Nutr Food Res, 2011, 55(1): 96-108.
9. Laaksi I. Vitamin D and respiratory infection in adults. Proc Nutr Soc, 2012, 71(1): 90-97.
10. Wang TT, Nestel FP, Bourdeau V, et al. Cutting edge: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a direct inducer of antimicrobial peptide gene expression. J Immunol, 2004, 173(5): 2909-2912.
11. Adams JS. Vitamin D as a defensin. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact, 2006, 6(4): 344-346.
12. Kulkarni NN, Yi Z, Huehnken C, et al. henylbutyrate induces cathelicidin expression via the vitamin D receptor: linkage to inflammatory and growth factor cytokines pathways. Mol Immunol, 2015, 63(2): 530-539.
13. Nickel D, Busch M, Mayer D, et al. Hypoxia triggers the expression of human beta defensin 2 and antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human macrophages. J Immunol, 2012, 188(8): 4001-4007.
14. Kulkarni NN, Gunnarsson HI, Yi Z, et al. Glucocorticoid dexamethasone down-regulates basal and vitamin D3 induced cathelicidin expression in human monocytes and bronchial epithelial cell line. Immunobiology, 2016, 221(2): 245-252.
15. Klug-Micu GM, Stenger S, Sommer A, et al. CD40 ligand and interferon-gamma induce an antimicrobial response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human monocytes. Immunology, 2013, 139(1): 121-128.
16. Edfeldt K, Liu PT, Chun R, et al. T-cell cytokines differentially control human monocyte antimicrobial responses by regulating vitamin D metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2010, 107(52): 22593-22598.
17. Liu PT, Schenk M, Walker VP, et al. Convergence of IL-1beta and VDR activation pathways in human TLR2/1-induced antimicrobial responses. PLoS One, 2009, 4(6): e5810.
18. Olmos-Ortiz A, Noyola-Martínez N, Barrera D, et al. IL-10 inhibits while calcitriol reestablishes placental antimicrobial peptides gene expression. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 2015, 148: 187-193.
19. Amado Diago CA, Garcia-Unzueta MT, Farinas Mdel C, et al. Calcitriol-modulated human antibiotics: new pathophysiological aspects of vitamin D. Endocrinol Nutr, 2016, 63(2): 87-94.
20. Merriman KE, Poindexter MB, Kweh MF, et al. Intramammary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ treatment increases expression of host-defense genes in mammary immune cells of lactating dairy cattle. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 2017, 173: 33-41.
21. 何丽蓉, 刘松, 贺正一. 外周血人 β-防御素 2 在下呼吸道感染患者的急、慢性气道炎症中的临床研究. 国际呼吸杂志, 2010, 30(8): 467-471.
22. 刘松, 何丽蓉, 贺正一, 等. β-防御素 2 与下呼吸道感染患者全身炎症反应的关系. 中国呼吸与危重监护杂志, 2010, 9(1): 12-14.
23. Harimurti K, Djauzi S, Witarto AB, et al. Human β-defensin 2 concentration of respiratory tract mucosa in elderly patients with pneumonia and its associated factors. Acta Med Indones, 2011, 43(4): 218-223.
24. Leow L, Simpson T, Cursons R, et al. Vitamin D, innate immunity and outcomes in community acquired pneumonia. Respirology, 2011, 16(4): 611-616.
25. Liu S, He LR, Wang W, et al. Prognostic value of plasma human beta-defensin 2 level on short-term clinical outcomes in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a preliminary study. Respir Care, 2013, 58(4): 655-661.
26. Dinlen N, Zenciroglu A, Beken S, et al. Association of vitamin D deficiency with acute lower respiratory tract infections in newborns. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 2016, 29(6): 928-932.
27. 任静, 孙斌, 缪珀, 等. 血清维生素 D 水平与幼龄儿童社区获得性肺炎严重程度及危险因素的相关性研究. 中国当代儿科杂志, 2013, 15(7): 519-521.
28. Chowdhury R, Taneja S, Bhandari N, et al. Vitamin-D deficiency predicts infections in young north Indian children: a secondary data analysis. PLoS One, 2017, 12(3): e0170509.
29. Aregbesola A, Voutilainen S, Nurmi T, et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and the risk of pneumonia in an ageing general population. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2013, 67(6): 533-536.
30. Quraishi SA, Bittner EA, Christopher KB, et al. Vitamin D status and community-acquired pneumonia: results from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PLoS One, 2013, 8(11): e81120.
31. Asamura T, Ohrui T, Nakayama K, et al. Low serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D level and risk of respiratory infections in institutionalized older people. Gerontology, 2010, 56(6): 542-543.
32. Jovanovich AJ, Ginde AA, Holmen J, et al. Vitamin D level and risk of community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis. Nutrients, 2014, 6(6): 2196-2205.
33. Pletz MW, Terkamp C, Schumacher U, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in community-acquired pneumonia: low levels of 1,25(OH)₂ D are associated with disease severity. Respir Res, 2014, 15: 53.
34. Roth DE, Jones AB, Prosser C, et al. Vitamin D status is not associated with the risk of hospitalization for acute bronchiolitis in early childhood. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2009, 63(2): 297-299.
35. Banajeh SM. Nutritional rickets and vitamin D deficiency--association with the outcomes of childhood very severe pneumonia: a prospective cohort study. Pediatr Pulmonol, 2009, 44(12): 1207-1215.
36. Remmelts HH, van de Garde EM, Meijvis SC, et al. Addition of vitamin D status to prognostic scores improves the prediction of outcome in community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis, 2012, 55(11): 1488-1494.
37. Kim HJ, Jang JG, Hong KS, et al. Relationship between serum vitamin D concentrations and clinical outcome of community-acquired pneumonia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 2015, 19(6): 729-734.
38. Holter JC, Ueland T, Norseth J, et al. Vitamin D status and long-term mortality in community-acquired pneumonia: secondary data analysis from a prospective cohort. PLoS One, 2016, 11(7): e0158536.
39. Grant WB. Vitamin D supplementation could reduce the risk of type A influenza infection and subsequent pneumonia. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2010, 29(10): 987.
40. Manaseki-Holland S, Qader G, Isaq Masher M, et al. Effects of vitamin D supplementation to children diagnosed with pneumonia in Kabul: a randomised controlled trial. Trop Med Int Health, 2010, 15(10): 1148-1155.
41. Manaseki-Holland S, Maroof Z, Bruce J, et al. Effect on the incidence of pneumonia of vitamin D supplementation by quarterly bolus dose to infants in Kabul: a randomised controlled superiority trial. Lancet, 2012, 379(9824): 1419-1427.
42. Choudhary N, Gupta P. Vitamin D supplementation for severe pneumonia-a randomized controlled trial. Indian Pediatr, 2012, 49(6): 449-454.
43. Remmelts HH, Spoorenberg SM, Oosterheert JJ, et al. The role of vitamin D supplementation in the risk of developing pneumonia: three independent case-control studies. Thorax, 2013, 68(11): 990-996.

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人 β-防御素和维生素 D 在社区获得性肺炎中的临床应用进展

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