The expression of thymidine kinase 1 in patients with lung cancer and patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease_Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Authors：

DAN Xiaoping , TIAN Dexing ,  XIAO Zhenliang

Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of Western Command Theater, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

XIAO Zhenliang, Email: xiaozhenliang2001@aliyun.com

Keywords：

Thymidine kinase 1; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Acute exacerbation; Lung cancer

DOI：

10.7507/1671-6205.201808024

Video：

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Objective To preliminarily investigate the expression of thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) in serum of patients with lung cancer and patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and analyze the relationship of TK1 level with gender, age and smoking.Methods Fifty-two patients with lung cancer and 64 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD, who admitted in this hospital from January 2017 to April 2018 and underwent serum TK1 measurement, were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The serum level of TK1 in the patients was detected with immunoblot-enhanced chemiluminescence method.Results The TK1 expression level had no relationship with gender, age or smoking (P>0.05). A total of 14 patients were tested positive for TK1 (TK1 level>2 pmol/L) in the lung cancer patients and the positive expression rate was 26.9%; a total of 23 patients were tested positive for TK1 in the COPD patients and the positive expression rate was 35.9%. The TK1 expression level had a more obvious increase in the patients with acute exacerbation of COPD than that in the patients with lung cancer, but there was no statistical difference between the two groups (U=1 482, P=0.314).Conclusions The TK1 expression level is not affected by patient’s gender, age or smoking. The TK1 expression level in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD is higher than that in patients with lung cancer. Abnormal cell proliferation in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD may be stronger than that in patients with lung cancer, but further studies are needed.

Citation： DAN Xiaoping, TIAN Dexing, XIAO Zhenliang. The expression of thymidine kinase 1 in patients with lung cancer and patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2019, 18(4): 318-321. doi: 10.7507/1671-6205.201808024 Copy

1.	Chen G, He C, Li L, et al. Nuclear TK1 expression is an independent prognostic factor for survival in pre-malignant and malignant lesions of the cervix. BMC Cancer, 2013, 13: 249.
2.	Xu Y, Liu B, Shi QL, et al. Thymidine kinase 1 is a better prognostic marker than Ki-67 for pT1 adenocarcinoma of the lung. Int J Clin Exp Med, 2014, 7(8): 2120-2128.
3.	Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer, 2015, 136(5): E359-E386.
4.	Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, et al. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin, 2011, 61(2): 69-90.
5.	Meijer M, Rijkers GT, van Overveld FJ. Neutrophils and emerging targets for treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Clin Immunol, 2014, 9(11): 1055-1068.
6.	李磊, 王旭辉, 李明江, 等. 胸苷激酶 1 在非小细胞肺癌 125I 粒子植入治疗疗效评估中的价值. 实用临床医学, 2017, 18(1): 37-41.
7.	宁莉莉, 王宇鹏, 余飞, 等. TK1 在肺癌诊断和预后判断中的研究进展. 现代肿瘤医学, 2017, 25(7): 163-167.
8.	Aufderklamm S, Todenhofer T, Gakis G, et al. Thymidine kinase and cancer monitoring. Cancer Lett, 2012, 316(1): 6-10.
9.	Jagarlamudi KK, Hansson LO, Eriksson S. Breast and prostate cancer patients differ significantly in their serum thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) specific activities compared with those hematological malignancies and blood donors: implications of using serum TK1 as a biomarker. BMC cancer, 2015, 15: 66.
10.	Ning S, Wei W, Li J, et al. Clinical significance and diagnostic capacity of serum TK1, CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 levels in gastric and colorectal cancer patients. J Cancer, 2018, 9(3): 494-501.
11.	Bjöhle J, Bergqvist J, Gronowitz JS, et al. Serum thymidine kinase activity compared with CA 15-3 in locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer within a randomized trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2013, 139(3): 751-758.
12.	Thamm DH, Kamstock DA, Sharp CR, et al. Elevated serum thymidine kinase activity in canine splenic hemangiosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol, 2012, 10(4): 292-302.
13.	Xu XH, Zhang YM, Shu XH, et al. Serum thymidine kinase 1 reflects the progression of premalignant and malignant tumors during therapy. Mol Med Rep, 2008, 1(5): 705-711.
14.	Lagunoff M. KSHV-TK: thymidine kinase or tyrosine kinase?. EMBO J, 2015, 34(4): 427-429.
15.	Jeong MH, Jin YH, Kang EY, et al. The modulation of radiation-induced cell death by genistein in K562 cells: activation of thymidine kinase 1. Cell Res, 2004, 14(4): 295-302.
16.	Sakamoto K, Yokogawa T, Ueno H, et al. Crucial roles of thymidine kinase 1 and deoxyUTPase in incorporating the antineoplastic nucleosides trifluridine and 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine into DNA. Int J Oncol, 2015, 46(6): 2327-2334.
17.	Chen Z, Guan H, Yuan H, et al. Serum thymidine kinase 1 is a reliable maker for the assessment of the risk of developing malignancy: a case report. Oncol Lett, 2015, 10(3): 1669-1673.
18.	Shintani M, Urano M, Takakuwa Y, et al. Immuno histochemical characterization of pyrimidine synthetic enzymes, thymidine kinase-1 and thymidylate synthase, in various types of cancer. Oncol Rep, 2010, 23(5): 1345-1350.
19.	Nisman B, Nechushtan H, Biran H, et al. Serum thymidine kinase 1 activity in the prognosis and monitoring of chemotherapy in lung cancer patients: a brief report. J Thorac Oncol, 2014, 9(10): 1568-1572.
20.	Guilleminault L, Rolland Y. Characteristics of non-pharmacological interventions in the elderly with COPD. Smoking cessation, pulmonary rehabilitation, nutritional management and patient education. Rev Mal Respir, 2018, 35(6): 626-641.
21.	Strzelak A, Ratajczak A, Adamiec A, et al. Tobacco smoke induces and alters immune responses in the lung triggering inflammation, allergy, asthma and other lung diseases: a mechanistic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2018, 15(5): pii: E1033.
22.	Minnix JA, Karam Hage M, Blalock JA, et al. The importance of incorporating smoking cessation into lung cancer screening. Transl Lung Cancer Res, 2018, 7(3): 272-280.
23.	Tammemägi MC. Selecting lung cancer screenees using risk prediction models-where do we go from here. Transl Lung Cancer Res, 2018, 7(3): 243-253.

1. Chen G, He C, Li L, et al. Nuclear TK1 expression is an independent prognostic factor for survival in pre-malignant and malignant lesions of the cervix. BMC Cancer, 2013, 13: 249.
2. Xu Y, Liu B, Shi QL, et al. Thymidine kinase 1 is a better prognostic marker than Ki-67 for pT1 adenocarcinoma of the lung. Int J Clin Exp Med, 2014, 7(8): 2120-2128.
3. Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer, 2015, 136(5): E359-E386.
4. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, et al. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin, 2011, 61(2): 69-90.
5. Meijer M, Rijkers GT, van Overveld FJ. Neutrophils and emerging targets for treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Clin Immunol, 2014, 9(11): 1055-1068.
6. 李磊, 王旭辉, 李明江, 等. 胸苷激酶 1 在非小细胞肺癌 125I 粒子植入治疗疗效评估中的价值. 实用临床医学, 2017, 18(1): 37-41.
7. 宁莉莉, 王宇鹏, 余飞, 等. TK1 在肺癌诊断和预后判断中的研究进展. 现代肿瘤医学, 2017, 25(7): 163-167.
8. Aufderklamm S, Todenhofer T, Gakis G, et al. Thymidine kinase and cancer monitoring. Cancer Lett, 2012, 316(1): 6-10.
9. Jagarlamudi KK, Hansson LO, Eriksson S. Breast and prostate cancer patients differ significantly in their serum thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) specific activities compared with those hematological malignancies and blood donors: implications of using serum TK1 as a biomarker. BMC cancer, 2015, 15: 66.
10. Ning S, Wei W, Li J, et al. Clinical significance and diagnostic capacity of serum TK1, CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 levels in gastric and colorectal cancer patients. J Cancer, 2018, 9(3): 494-501.
11. Bjöhle J, Bergqvist J, Gronowitz JS, et al. Serum thymidine kinase activity compared with CA 15-3 in locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer within a randomized trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2013, 139(3): 751-758.
12. Thamm DH, Kamstock DA, Sharp CR, et al. Elevated serum thymidine kinase activity in canine splenic hemangiosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol, 2012, 10(4): 292-302.
13. Xu XH, Zhang YM, Shu XH, et al. Serum thymidine kinase 1 reflects the progression of premalignant and malignant tumors during therapy. Mol Med Rep, 2008, 1(5): 705-711.
14. Lagunoff M. KSHV-TK: thymidine kinase or tyrosine kinase?. EMBO J, 2015, 34(4): 427-429.
15. Jeong MH, Jin YH, Kang EY, et al. The modulation of radiation-induced cell death by genistein in K562 cells: activation of thymidine kinase 1. Cell Res, 2004, 14(4): 295-302.
16. Sakamoto K, Yokogawa T, Ueno H, et al. Crucial roles of thymidine kinase 1 and deoxyUTPase in incorporating the antineoplastic nucleosides trifluridine and 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine into DNA. Int J Oncol, 2015, 46(6): 2327-2334.
17. Chen Z, Guan H, Yuan H, et al. Serum thymidine kinase 1 is a reliable maker for the assessment of the risk of developing malignancy: a case report. Oncol Lett, 2015, 10(3): 1669-1673.
18. Shintani M, Urano M, Takakuwa Y, et al. Immuno histochemical characterization of pyrimidine synthetic enzymes, thymidine kinase-1 and thymidylate synthase, in various types of cancer. Oncol Rep, 2010, 23(5): 1345-1350.
19. Nisman B, Nechushtan H, Biran H, et al. Serum thymidine kinase 1 activity in the prognosis and monitoring of chemotherapy in lung cancer patients: a brief report. J Thorac Oncol, 2014, 9(10): 1568-1572.
20. Guilleminault L, Rolland Y. Characteristics of non-pharmacological interventions in the elderly with COPD. Smoking cessation, pulmonary rehabilitation, nutritional management and patient education. Rev Mal Respir, 2018, 35(6): 626-641.
21. Strzelak A, Ratajczak A, Adamiec A, et al. Tobacco smoke induces and alters immune responses in the lung triggering inflammation, allergy, asthma and other lung diseases: a mechanistic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2018, 15(5): pii: E1033.
22. Minnix JA, Karam Hage M, Blalock JA, et al. The importance of incorporating smoking cessation into lung cancer screening. Transl Lung Cancer Res, 2018, 7(3): 272-280.
23. Tammemägi MC. Selecting lung cancer screenees using risk prediction models-where do we go from here. Transl Lung Cancer Res, 2018, 7(3): 243-253.

Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

The expression of thymidine kinase 1 in patients with lung cancer and patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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