The relationship between Glasgow prognostic score and prognosis of gastric cancer patients: a meta-analysis_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

LAI Jiamin ¹ , LIU Xudong ¹ , ZHENG Qiang ¹ , ZHANG Guoqiang ¹ ,  CHENG Zhibin ² , ZHAO Bin ²

1. Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China;
2. Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

CHENG Zhibin, Email: zhibin_cheng@hotmail.com

Keywords：

Glasgow prognostic score; Gastric cancer; Prognosis; Meta-analysis; Systematic review; Cohort study

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.202206002

Video：

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Objective To systematically review the relationship between Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect cohort studies on the relationship between GPS and prognosis of GC patients from inception to April, 2022. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies; then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software and Stata 16.0 software. Results A total of 9 cohort studies involving 2 395 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that GPS was significantly associated with poor overall survival of GC patients (HR=2.01, 95%CI 1.55 to 2.61, P<0.000 01). It also was associated with deeper depth of tumor, positive lymph node metastasis, more advanced TNM stages, positive distant metastasis and older age. Conclusion Current evidence shows that GPS is associated with survival prognosis and clinical pathological features of GC patients. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.

Citation： LAI Jiamin, LIU Xudong, ZHENG Qiang, ZHANG Guoqiang, CHENG Zhibin, ZHAO Bin. The relationship between Glasgow prognostic score and prognosis of gastric cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2022, 22(11): 1325-1329. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.202206002 Copy

1.	宋书彬, 刘宏刚, 薛英威. 进展期胃癌患者预后营养指数的临床意义. 中华胃肠外科杂志, 2018, 21(2): 180-184.
2.	Yang Y, Gao P, Song Y, et al. The prognostic nutritional index is a predictive indicator of prognosis and postoperative complications in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2016, 42(8): 1176-1182.
3.	Forrest LM, McMillan DC, McArdle CS, et al. Evaluation of cumulative prognostic scores based on the systemic inflammatory response in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer, 2003, 89(6): 1028-1030.
4.	Laird BJ, Kaasa S, McMillan DC, et al. Prognostic factors in patients with advanced cancer: a comparison of clinicopathological factors and the development of an inflammation-based prognostic system. Clin Cancer Res, 2013, 19(19): 5456-5464.
5.	Jiang X, Hiki N, Nunobe S, et al. Prognostic importance of the inflammation-based Glasgow prognostic score in patients with gastric cancer. Br J Cancer, 2012, 107(2): 275-279.
6.	Wells G, Shea B, O’Connell D, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Symposium on Systematic Reviews: Beyond the Basics, 2014.
7.	Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, et al. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ, 2003, 327(7414): 557-560.
8.	徐同成, 李霞, 王文亮, 等. 分类变量Meta分析中偏倚的检测-Egger法和Begg法. 循证医学, 2009, 9(3): 181-184.
9.	杨璐琼, 李泽宇, 闫晓晖, 等. 格拉斯哥评分对胃癌患者术后预后的预测价值. 医药论坛杂志, 2021, 42(1): 102-106.
10.	赵伟, 隋淑凤, 魏光兵, 等. 格拉斯哥评分与腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者生存时间及临床病理参数的关系. 腹腔镜外科杂志, 2019, 24(3): 193-196.
11.	钟金伟. 基于全身炎症反应的评分系统与胃癌预后的相关性研究. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2015.
12.	张慧, 殷红, 胡广越. 术前CRP/ALB, GPS与炎症相关指标在胃癌预后中的价值. 中国继续医学教育, 2021, 13(35): 125-129.
13.	Hirahara N, Matsubara T, Kaji S, et al. Glasgow prognostic score is a better predictor of the long-term survival in patients with gastric cancer, compared to the modified Glasgow prognostic score or high-sensitivity modified Glasgow prognostic score. Oncotarget, 2020, 11(45): 4169-4177.
14.	Melling N, Grüning A, Tachezy M, et al. Glasgow Prognostic Score may be a prognostic index for overall and perioperative survival in gastric cancer without perioperative treatment. Surgery, 2016, 159(6): 1548-1556.
15.	Wakahara T, Ueno N, Maeda T, et al. Is the glasgow prognostic score applicable to both early- and advanced-stage gastric cancers. Gastroenterology Res, 2017, 10(6): 359-365.
16.	Shimoda Y, Fujikawa H, Komori K, et al. Preoperative utility of the glasgow prognostic score on outcomes of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer, 2022, 53(2): 265-271.
17.	Nozoe T, Iguchi T, Egashira A, et al. Significance of modified Glasgow prognostic score as a useful indicator for prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. Am J Surg, 2011, 201(2): 186-191.
18.	Roxburgh CS, McMillan DC. Role of systemic inflammatory response in predicting survival in patients with primary operable cancer. Future Oncol, 2010, 6(1): 149-163.
19.	Jagdev SP, Gregory W, Vasudev NS, et al. Improving the accuracy of pre-operative survival prediction in renal cell carcinoma with C-reactive protein. Br J Cancer, 2010, 103(11): 1649-1656.
20.	Crumley AB, Stuart RC, McKernan M, et al. Is hypoalbuminemia an independent prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer. World J Surg, 2010, 34(10): 2393-2398.
21.	Allin KH, Nordestgaard BG. Elevated C-reactive protein in the diagnosis, prognosis, and cause of cancer. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci, 2011, 48(4): 155-170.
22.	Hirahara N, Tajima Y, Fujii Y, et al. Prognostic nutritional index as a predictor of survival in resectable gastric cancer patients with normal preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels: a propensity score matching analysis. BMC Cancer, 2018, 18(1): 285.
23.	Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, et al. Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability. Carcinogenesis, 2009, 30(7): 1073-1081.
24.	Brenner D, Blaser H, Mak TW. Regulation of tumour necrosis factor signalling: live or let die. Nat Rev Immunol, 2015, 15(6): 362-374.
25.	Hennessey DB, Burke JP, Ni-Dhonochu T, et al. Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is an independent risk factor for the development of surgical site infection following gastrointestinal surgery: a multi-institutional study. Ann Surg, 2010, 252(2): 325-329.
26.	Sun KY, Xu JB, Chen SL, et al. Novel immunological and nutritional-based prognostic index for gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2015, 21(19): 5961-5971.

1. 宋书彬, 刘宏刚, 薛英威. 进展期胃癌患者预后营养指数的临床意义. 中华胃肠外科杂志, 2018, 21(2): 180-184.
2. Yang Y, Gao P, Song Y, et al. The prognostic nutritional index is a predictive indicator of prognosis and postoperative complications in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2016, 42(8): 1176-1182.
3. Forrest LM, McMillan DC, McArdle CS, et al. Evaluation of cumulative prognostic scores based on the systemic inflammatory response in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer, 2003, 89(6): 1028-1030.
4. Laird BJ, Kaasa S, McMillan DC, et al. Prognostic factors in patients with advanced cancer: a comparison of clinicopathological factors and the development of an inflammation-based prognostic system. Clin Cancer Res, 2013, 19(19): 5456-5464.
5. Jiang X, Hiki N, Nunobe S, et al. Prognostic importance of the inflammation-based Glasgow prognostic score in patients with gastric cancer. Br J Cancer, 2012, 107(2): 275-279.
6. Wells G, Shea B, O’Connell D, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Symposium on Systematic Reviews: Beyond the Basics, 2014.
7. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, et al. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ, 2003, 327(7414): 557-560.
8. 徐同成, 李霞, 王文亮, 等. 分类变量Meta分析中偏倚的检测-Egger法和Begg法. 循证医学, 2009, 9(3): 181-184.
9. 杨璐琼, 李泽宇, 闫晓晖, 等. 格拉斯哥评分对胃癌患者术后预后的预测价值. 医药论坛杂志, 2021, 42(1): 102-106.
10. 赵伟, 隋淑凤, 魏光兵, 等. 格拉斯哥评分与腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者生存时间及临床病理参数的关系. 腹腔镜外科杂志, 2019, 24(3): 193-196.
11. 钟金伟. 基于全身炎症反应的评分系统与胃癌预后的相关性研究. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2015.
12. 张慧, 殷红, 胡广越. 术前CRP/ALB, GPS与炎症相关指标在胃癌预后中的价值. 中国继续医学教育, 2021, 13(35): 125-129.
13. Hirahara N, Matsubara T, Kaji S, et al. Glasgow prognostic score is a better predictor of the long-term survival in patients with gastric cancer, compared to the modified Glasgow prognostic score or high-sensitivity modified Glasgow prognostic score. Oncotarget, 2020, 11(45): 4169-4177.
14. Melling N, Grüning A, Tachezy M, et al. Glasgow Prognostic Score may be a prognostic index for overall and perioperative survival in gastric cancer without perioperative treatment. Surgery, 2016, 159(6): 1548-1556.
15. Wakahara T, Ueno N, Maeda T, et al. Is the glasgow prognostic score applicable to both early- and advanced-stage gastric cancers. Gastroenterology Res, 2017, 10(6): 359-365.
16. Shimoda Y, Fujikawa H, Komori K, et al. Preoperative utility of the glasgow prognostic score on outcomes of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer, 2022, 53(2): 265-271.
17. Nozoe T, Iguchi T, Egashira A, et al. Significance of modified Glasgow prognostic score as a useful indicator for prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. Am J Surg, 2011, 201(2): 186-191.
18. Roxburgh CS, McMillan DC. Role of systemic inflammatory response in predicting survival in patients with primary operable cancer. Future Oncol, 2010, 6(1): 149-163.
19. Jagdev SP, Gregory W, Vasudev NS, et al. Improving the accuracy of pre-operative survival prediction in renal cell carcinoma with C-reactive protein. Br J Cancer, 2010, 103(11): 1649-1656.
20. Crumley AB, Stuart RC, McKernan M, et al. Is hypoalbuminemia an independent prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer. World J Surg, 2010, 34(10): 2393-2398.
21. Allin KH, Nordestgaard BG. Elevated C-reactive protein in the diagnosis, prognosis, and cause of cancer. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci, 2011, 48(4): 155-170.
22. Hirahara N, Tajima Y, Fujii Y, et al. Prognostic nutritional index as a predictor of survival in resectable gastric cancer patients with normal preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels: a propensity score matching analysis. BMC Cancer, 2018, 18(1): 285.
23. Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, et al. Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability. Carcinogenesis, 2009, 30(7): 1073-1081.
24. Brenner D, Blaser H, Mak TW. Regulation of tumour necrosis factor signalling: live or let die. Nat Rev Immunol, 2015, 15(6): 362-374.
25. Hennessey DB, Burke JP, Ni-Dhonochu T, et al. Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is an independent risk factor for the development of surgical site infection following gastrointestinal surgery: a multi-institutional study. Ann Surg, 2010, 252(2): 325-329.
26. Sun KY, Xu JB, Chen SL, et al. Novel immunological and nutritional-based prognostic index for gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2015, 21(19): 5961-5971.

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