Seizure propagation modulates severity of breathing impairment in limbic seizures_Journal of Epilepsy

Authors：

 ZHANQiong ¹ , FENGLi ² , YUEZongwei ² , XIEYuanyuan ² , LONGLili ² ,  XIAOBo ²

1. Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China;
2. Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China;

Corresponding author：

XIAOBo, Email: xiaobo_xy@126.com

Keywords：

Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy; Breathing impairment; Seizure propagation; Temporal lobe epilepsy; Generalized tonic-clonic seizures

DOI：

10.7507/2096-0247.20160067

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective Impaired breathing during and following seizures is an important cause of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), but the network mechanisms by which seizures impair breathing have not been thoroughly investigated. Progress would be greatly facilitated by a model in which breathing could be investigated during seizures in a controlled setting. Method Recent work with an acute Long-Evans rat model of limbic seizures has demonstrated that depression of brainstem arousal systems may be critical for impaired consciousness during and after seizures. We now utilize the same rat model to investigate breathing during partial seizures with secondary generalization. Result Breathing is markedly impaired during seizures(P < 0.05;n=21), and that the severity of breathing impairment is strongly correlated with the extent of seizure propagation (Pearson R=-0.73;P < 0.001;n=30). Conclusion Seizure propagation could increase the severity of breathing impairment caused by seizures. Based on these results, we suggest that this animal model would help us to improve understanding of pathways involved in impairment of breathing caused by seizures and this is an important initial step in addressing this significant cause of SUDEP in people living with epilepsy.

Citation： ZHANQiong, FENGLi, YUEZongwei, XIEYuanyuan, LONGLili, XIAOBo. Seizure propagation modulates severity of breathing impairment in limbic seizures. Journal of Epilepsy, 2016, 2(5): 383-386. doi: 10.7507/2096-0247.20160067 Copy

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3.	Sowers LP, Massey CA, Gehlbach BK, et al. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy:fatal post-ictal respiratory and arousal mechanisms. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2013, 189(2):315-323.
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8.	Massey CA, Sowers LP, Dlouhy BJ, et al. Mechanisms of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy:the pathway to prevention. Nature Reviews Neurology, 2014, 10(5):271-282.
9.	Englot DJ, Mishra AM, Mansuripur PK, et al. Remote effects of focal hippocampal seizures on the rat neocortex. The Journal of Neuroscience:the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2008, 28(36):9066-9081.
10.	Englot DJ, Modi B, Mishra AM, et al. Cortical deactivation induced by subcortical network dysfunction in limbic seizures. The Journal of Neuroscience:the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2009, 29(41):13006-13018.
11.	Blumenfeld H, McNally KA, Vanderhill SD, et al. Positive and negative network correlations in temporal lobe epilepsy. Cerebral Cortex, 2004, 14(8):892-902.
12.	Wesson D. Sniffing behavior communicates social hierarchy. Current Biology, 2013, 23(2):575-580.
13.	Campos R, Tolentino-Silva F, Mello L. Rspiratory patern in a rat model of epilepsy. Epilepsia, 2003, 44(3):712-717.
14.	Blumenfeld H, Varghese GI, Purcaro MJ, et al. Cortical and subcortical networks in human secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Brain:A Journal of Neurology, 2009, 132(Pt 4):999-1012.
15.	Blumenfeld H. Impaired consciousness in epilepsy. The Lancet Neurology, 2012, 11(9):814-826.
16.	Englot DJ, Yang L, Hamid H, et al. Impaired consciousness in temporal lobe seizures:Role of cortical slow activity. Brain:A Journal of Neurology, 2010, 133(Pt 12):3764-3777.
17.	Bradley SR, Pieribone VA, Wang W, et al. Chemosensitive serotonergic neurons are closely associated with large medullary arteries. Nature Neuroscience, 2002, 5(5):401-402.
18.	Severson CA, Wang W, Pieribone VA, et al. Midbrain serotonergic neurons are central ph chemoreceptors. Nature Neuroscience, 2003, 6(11):1139-1140.
19.	Zhan Q, Buchanan GF, Motelow JE, et al. Impaired serotonergic brainstem function during and after seizures. The Journal of Neuroscience:the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2016, 36(9):2711-2722.
20.	Yuan H, Pinto S, Huang J, et al. Ventilatory responses to hypercapnia during wakefulness and sleep in obese adolescents with and without obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep, 2012, 35(9):1257-1267.

1. Malik GA, Smith PE. Increasing awareness of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2013, 13(3):1371-1382.
2. Ryvlin P, Nashef L, Lhatoo S, et al. Incidence and mechanisms of cardiorespiratory arrests in epilepsy monitoring units (mortemus):A retrospective study. The Lancet Neurology, 2013, 12(10):966-977.
3. Sowers LP, Massey CA, Gehlbach BK, et al. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy:fatal post-ictal respiratory and arousal mechanisms. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2013, 189(2):315-323.
4. Richerson GB, Buchanan GF. The serotonin axis:shared mechanisms in seizures, depression, and sudep. Epilepsia, 2011, 52(Suppl 1):28-38.
5. Bateman LM, Li CS, Seyal M. Ictal hypoxemia in localization-related epilepsy:analysis of incidence, severity and risk factors. Brain:A Journal of Neurology, 2008, 131(Pt 12):3239-3245.
6. Buchanan GF, Richerson GB. Role of chemoreceptors in mediating dyspnea. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 2009, 167(1):9-19.
7. Kinney HC, Richerson GB, Dymecki SM, et al. The brainstem and serotonin in the sudden infant death syndrome. Annual Review of Pathology, 2009, 4(1):517-550.
8. Massey CA, Sowers LP, Dlouhy BJ, et al. Mechanisms of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy:the pathway to prevention. Nature Reviews Neurology, 2014, 10(5):271-282.
9. Englot DJ, Mishra AM, Mansuripur PK, et al. Remote effects of focal hippocampal seizures on the rat neocortex. The Journal of Neuroscience:the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2008, 28(36):9066-9081.
10. Englot DJ, Modi B, Mishra AM, et al. Cortical deactivation induced by subcortical network dysfunction in limbic seizures. The Journal of Neuroscience:the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2009, 29(41):13006-13018.
11. Blumenfeld H, McNally KA, Vanderhill SD, et al. Positive and negative network correlations in temporal lobe epilepsy. Cerebral Cortex, 2004, 14(8):892-902.
12. Wesson D. Sniffing behavior communicates social hierarchy. Current Biology, 2013, 23(2):575-580.
13. Campos R, Tolentino-Silva F, Mello L. Rspiratory patern in a rat model of epilepsy. Epilepsia, 2003, 44(3):712-717.
14. Blumenfeld H, Varghese GI, Purcaro MJ, et al. Cortical and subcortical networks in human secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Brain:A Journal of Neurology, 2009, 132(Pt 4):999-1012.
15. Blumenfeld H. Impaired consciousness in epilepsy. The Lancet Neurology, 2012, 11(9):814-826.
16. Englot DJ, Yang L, Hamid H, et al. Impaired consciousness in temporal lobe seizures:Role of cortical slow activity. Brain:A Journal of Neurology, 2010, 133(Pt 12):3764-3777.
17. Bradley SR, Pieribone VA, Wang W, et al. Chemosensitive serotonergic neurons are closely associated with large medullary arteries. Nature Neuroscience, 2002, 5(5):401-402.
18. Severson CA, Wang W, Pieribone VA, et al. Midbrain serotonergic neurons are central ph chemoreceptors. Nature Neuroscience, 2003, 6(11):1139-1140.
19. Zhan Q, Buchanan GF, Motelow JE, et al. Impaired serotonergic brainstem function during and after seizures. The Journal of Neuroscience:the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2016, 36(9):2711-2722.
20. Yuan H, Pinto S, Huang J, et al. Ventilatory responses to hypercapnia during wakefulness and sleep in obese adolescents with and without obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep, 2012, 35(9):1257-1267.

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