The protective effects of 17β-estradiol on the damage of phenobarbital for the cognition of immature brain_Journal of Epilepsy

Authors：

GE Liji ^* , LIU Yu ^* , HUANG Shaoping ,  YANG Lin

Department of Pediatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China;

Corresponding author：

YANG Lin, Email: yr_1217@163.com

Keywords：

Phenobarbital; 17β-estradiol; Immature brain; Cognitive function; Rats

DOI：

10.7507/2096-0247.20180004

Video：

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Objective This study aimed to observe the protective effects of 17β-estradiol (17β-E₂) to the damage of phenobarbital (PB) upon the cognition of the newly-born rats. Methods Thirty healthy 3-day-old Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (10 rats), PB group (10 rats) and PB+17β-E₂ group (10 rats). The control group were injected saline water with a dose of 10 mL/(kg·d); the PB group were injected with PB of 10 mg/(kg·d); the PB+17β-E₂ group were injected with PB 10 mg/(kg·d) and 17β-E₂ 300 ug/(kg·d). All the rats were intraperitoneal injected once a day after weighing, for three continuous days. They were normally raised to one month old and then 8 rats were selected out of each group respectively for water maze test. Results The PB group was reported to have increasing latent periods in finding the underwater stage compared with control group (P<0.05). In comparison with the PB group, the PB+17β-E₂ group has a shorter latent period in finding the underwater stage, and furthermore statistically significantly fewer times in finding validation areas (P<0.05). During the 120s test, the stage quadrant journey to total journey ratio of PB+17β-E₂ group was lower than the ratio of PB groups, but no statistics significance had been detected. The PB+17β-E₂ group exhibits no significance difference from the control group in the above-mentioned indexes. Conclusions Even a short-term injection of PB with an usual clinical dose will bring a long-term damage to an immature brain in terms of the learning ability and memory, whereas the 17β-E₂ may play a protective role in this course.

Citation： GE Liji, LIU Yu, HUANG Shaoping, YANG Lin. The protective effects of 17β-estradiol on the damage of phenobarbital for the cognition of immature brain. Journal of Epilepsy, 2018, 4(1): 14-17. doi: 10.7507/2096-0247.20180004 Copy

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15.	Perter R, Ronald J. A follow-up study of intractable seizures in childhood. Ann Neurol, 1990, 28(7): 699-705.
16.	邓曼. 新生儿惊厥神经精神发育的实验及临床研究. 福建: 福建医科大学, 硕士学位论文, 2010.
17.	Akaaboun M, Culican SM, Turney SG, et al. Rapid and recersible effects of activity on acetylcholine receptor density at the neuromuscular junction in vivo. Science, 1999, 286(4): 503-507.
18.	Bartha A, Shen J, Katz KH. Neonatal seizures: multicenter variability in current treatment practices. J Child Neurol, 2007, 37 (2): 85-90.
19.	曾兴颖, 查剑, 易招师, 等. 以癫痫发作为首发症状的高胰岛素血症临床特征. 癫痫杂志, 2017, 3(4): 302-306.
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21.	Gerstner B, Lee J, Desilva TM, et al. 17beta-estradiol protects against hypoxic/ischemic white matter damage in the neonatal rat brain. J Neurosci Res, 2009, 87 (9): 2078-2086.

1. Silverstein FS, Jensen FE, Inder T, et al. Improving the treatment of neonatal seizures: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke workshop report. J Pediatr, 2008, 153(1): 12-15.
2. Clancy RR.Summary proceedings from the neurology group on neonatal seizures. Pediatrics, 2006, 117(3): s23-s27.
3. Holmes GL. Effects of seizures on brain development: lessons from the laboratory. Pediatr Neurol, 2005, 33(1): 1-11.
4. Verrotti A, Scaparrotta A, Cofini M, et al. Developmental neurotoxicity and anticonvulsant drugs: a possible link. Reprod Toxicol, 2014, 48(3): 72-80.
5. Ek CJ, Dziegielewska KM, Habgood MD, et al. Barriers in the developing brain and neurotoxicology. Neurotoxicology, 2012, 33(3): 586-604.
6. Gerstner B, Lee J, Jensen FE, et al. 17Beta-estradiol protects against hypoxic/ischemic white matter damage in the neonatal rat brain. J Neurosci Res, 2009, 87(10): 2078-2086.
7. Spiers DE, Candas V. Relationship of skin surface area to body mass in the immature rat: a reexamination. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol, 1984, 56 (1): 240-243.
8. Kaindl AM, Asimiadou S, Manthey D, et al. Antiepileptic drugs and the developing brain. Cell Mol Life Sci, 2006, 63(4): 399-413．.
9. Vento M, de Vries LS, Alberola A, et al. Approach to seizures in the neonatal period: a European perspective. Acta Paediatr, 2010, 99 (4): 497-501.
10. Bartha AI, Shen J, Katz KH, et al. Neonatal seizures: multicenter variability in current treatment practices. Pediatr Neurol, 2007, 37(2): 85-90.
11. 朱海霞. 不同疗程治疗剂量抗癫痫药对未成熟脑发育影响的比较性研究. 重庆: 重庆医科大学, 硕士学位论文, 2006.
12. Jensen FE. Neonatal seizures: an update on mechanisms and management. Clin Perinatol. 2009, 36(4): 881-900.
13. Bassan H, Bental Y, Shany E, et al. Neonatal seizures: dilemmas in workup and management. Pediatr Neurol, 2008, 38(6): 415-421.
14. Scher MS, Aso K, Beggarly M, et al. Electrographic seizures in preterm and full-term neonates: clinical correlates, associated brain lesions, and risk for neurologic sequelae. Pediatrics, 1993, 9(1): 128-134.
15. Perter R, Ronald J. A follow-up study of intractable seizures in childhood. Ann Neurol, 1990, 28(7): 699-705.
16. 邓曼. 新生儿惊厥神经精神发育的实验及临床研究. 福建: 福建医科大学, 硕士学位论文, 2010.
17. Akaaboun M, Culican SM, Turney SG, et al. Rapid and recersible effects of activity on acetylcholine receptor density at the neuromuscular junction in vivo. Science, 1999, 286(4): 503-507.
18. Bartha A, Shen J, Katz KH. Neonatal seizures: multicenter variability in current treatment practices. J Child Neurol, 2007, 37 (2): 85-90.
19. 曾兴颖, 查剑, 易招师, 等. 以癫痫发作为首发症状的高胰岛素血症临床特征. 癫痫杂志, 2017, 3(4): 302-306.
20. Joseph N, Yang ZG, Jiang YH, et al. 17β-estradiol protects the neonatal brain from hypoxia-ischemia. Exp Neurol, 2007, 208(2): 269-276.
21. Gerstner B, Lee J, Desilva TM, et al. 17beta-estradiol protects against hypoxic/ischemic white matter damage in the neonatal rat brain. J Neurosci Res, 2009, 87 (9): 2078-2086.

Journal of Epilepsy

The protective effects of 17β-estradiol on the damage of phenobarbital for the cognition of immature brain

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