Significance and Problems in Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Micrometastasis in Peripheral Blood_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

LI Baoding , ZHAO Qingchuan , DOU Kefeng

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Hepatocellular carcinoma; Hematogenous dissemination; Micrometastasis

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Objective　To determine the value of detection of micrometastasis in peripheral blood to hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） metastasis or recurrence． Methods　Reviewed the related literatures, the methods and significances of the detection of HCC micrometastasis in peripheral blood were analyzed. Results　Currently, there are mainly two methods, hematogenous dissemination cell detection and HCC specific mRNA biomarker detection, for detection of HCC micrometastasis in peripheral blood. Theoretically, although they are considered as early detections of HCC metastasis or recurrence, researches still not have a abroad agreeable conclusion from different studies. After adjusting and improving the methods and detection time, different studies also have not gotten a quite consistent conclusion. Conclusion　There is a great significance in detection of HCC micrometastasis in peripheral blood to understanding the mechanisms of HCC metatasis and recurrence, and also to improving the clinical therapy. Theoretically and practically, the method should be improved for facilitating the mechanism research of HCC metastasis and recurrence, and the application of detection.

Citation： LI Baoding,ZHAO Qingchuan,DOU Kefeng. Significance and Problems in Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Micrometastasis in Peripheral Blood. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2006, 13(6): 737-740. doi: Copy

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2.	Yamanaka N, Okamoto E, Fujihara S, et al. Do the tumor cells of hepatocellular carcinomas dislodge into the portal venous stream during hepatic resection? [J]. Cancer， 1992; 70(9)∶2263.
3.	Jeng KS, Sheen IS, Tsai YC. Does the presence of circulating hepatocellular carcinoma cells indicate a risk of recurrence after resection? [J]. Am J Gastroenterol， 2004; 99(8)∶1503.
4.	Waguri N, Suda T, Nomoto M, et al. Sensitive and specific detection of circulating cancer cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma; detection of human telomerase reverse transcriptase messenger RNA after immunomagnetic separation [J]. Clin Cancer Res， 2003; 9(8)∶3004.
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8.	Leonhardt U, Ritzel U, Ottleben M, et al. Circulating human hepatic lipase mRNA in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and healthy controls [J]. Eur J Surg， 1999; 165(6)∶539.
9.	Kar S, Carr BI. Detection of liver cells in peripheral blood of patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Hepatology， 1995; 21(2)∶403.
10.	Dodd GD 3rd, Carr BI. Percutaneous biopsy of portal vein th-rombus: a new staging technique for hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol， 1993; 161(2)∶229.
11.	Vilana R, Bru C, Bruix J, et al. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of portal vein thrombus: value in detecting malignant thrombosis [J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol， 1993; 160(6)∶1285.
12.	Fujimoto K, Nakamura K, Takashima S, et al. Angioscopy of the inferior vena cava: preliminary observations in cases with involvement by neoplasm. Work in progress [J]. J Vasc Interv Radiol， 1991; 2(3)∶371.
13.	Wong IH, Lo YM, Yeo W, et al. Frequent p15 promoter me-thylation in tumor and peripheral blood from hepatocellular carcinoma patients [J]. Clin Cancer Res， 2000; 6(9)∶3516.
14.	Komeda T, Fukuda Y, Sando T, et al. Sensitive detection of circulating hepatocellular carcinoma cells in peripheral venous blood [J]. Cancer， 1995; 75(9)∶2214.
15.	Sabile A, Louha M, Bonte E, et al. Efficiency of Ber-EP4 antibody for isolating circulating epithelial tumor cells before RT-PCR detection [J]. Am J Clin Pathol， 1999; 112(2)∶171.
16.	Vona G, Sabile A, Louha M, et al. Isolation by size of epithelial tumor cells: a new method for the immunomorphological and molecular characterization of circulatingtumor cells [J]. Am J Pathol， 2000; 156(1)∶57.
17.	Rostagno P, Moll JL, Bisconte JC, et al. Detection of rare circulating breast cancer cells by filtration cytometry and identification by DNA content: sensitivity in an experimental model [J]. Anticancer Res， 1997; 17(4A)∶2481.
18.	Ito A, Shinkai M, Honda H, et al. Medical application of functionalized magnetic nanoparticles [J]. J Biosci Bioengin, 2005; 100(1)∶1.
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22.	Chou HC, Sheu JC, Huang GT, et al. Albumin messenger RNA is not specific for circulating hepatoma cells [J]. Gastroenterology， 1994; 107(2)∶630.
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26.	Fujiwara Y, Sugita Y, Nakamori S, et al. Assessment of Stanniocalcin-1 mRNA as a molecular marker for micrometastases of various human cancers [J]. Int J Oncol， 2000; 16(4)∶799.
27.	Matsumura M, Niwa Y, Kato N, et al. Detection of alpha-fetoprotein mRNA, an indicator of hematogenous spreading hepatocellular carcinoma, in the circulation: a possible predictor of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Hepatology， 1994; 20(6)∶1418.
28.	Miyamoto A, Fujiwara Y, Sakon M, et al. Development of a multiple-marker RT-PCR assay for detection of micrometastases of hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Dig Dis Sci， 2000; 45(7)∶1376.
29.	Wong IH, Yeo W, Leung T, et al. Circulating tumor cell mRNAs in peripheral blood from hepatocellular carcinoma patients under radiotherapy, surgical resection or chemotherapy: a quantitative evaluation [J]. Cancer Lett， 2001; 167(2)∶183.
30.	Chelly J, Concordet JP, Kaplan JC, et al. Illegitimate transcription: transcription of any gene in any cell type [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA， 1989; 86(8)∶2617.
31.	Aselmann H, Wolfes H, Rohde F, et al. Quantification of alpha 1-fetoprotein mRNA in peripheral blood and bone marrow: a tool for perioperative evaluation of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Langenbecks Arch Surg， 2001; 386(2)∶118.
32.	Nicoli N, Casaril A, Hilal MA, et al. A case of rapid intrahepatic dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency thermal ablation [J]. Am J Surg， 2004; 188(2)∶165.
33.	Wu F, Wang ZB, Jin CB, et al. Circulating tumor cells in patients with solid malignancy treated by high-intensity focused ultrasound [J]. Ultrasound Med Biol， 2004; 30(4)∶511.

1. 　Tang ZY, Ye SL, Liu YK, et al. A decade’s studies on metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol， 2004; 130(4)∶187.
2. 　Yamanaka N, Okamoto E, Fujihara S, et al. Do the tumor cells of hepatocellular carcinomas dislodge into the portal venous stream during hepatic resection? [J]. Cancer， 1992; 70(9)∶2263.
3. 　Jeng KS, Sheen IS, Tsai YC. Does the presence of circulating hepatocellular carcinoma cells indicate a risk of recurrence after resection? [J]. Am J Gastroenterol， 2004; 99(8)∶1503.
4. 　Waguri N, Suda T, Nomoto M, et al. Sensitive and specific detection of circulating cancer cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma; detection of human telomerase reverse transcriptase messenger RNA after immunomagnetic separation [J]. Clin Cancer Res， 2003; 9(8)∶3004.
5. 　Carr BI. An assay for micrometastatic hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Gastroenterology， 1994; 106(1)∶264.
6. 　Reid AE, Liang TJ. Tumor marker for metastasis: searching for an abnormal needle in a haystack [J]. Hepatology， 1994; 20(6)∶1631.
7. 　Koo J, Fung K, Siu KF, et al. Recovery of malignant tumor cells from the right atrium during hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Cancer， 1983; 52(10)∶1952.
8. 　Leonhardt U, Ritzel U, Ottleben M, et al. Circulating human hepatic lipase mRNA in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and healthy controls [J]. Eur J Surg， 1999; 165(6)∶539.
9. 　Kar S, Carr BI. Detection of liver cells in peripheral blood of patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Hepatology， 1995; 21(2)∶403.
10. 　Dodd GD 3rd, Carr BI. Percutaneous biopsy of portal vein th-rombus: a new staging technique for hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol， 1993; 161(2)∶229.
11. 　Vilana R, Bru C, Bruix J, et al. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of portal vein thrombus: value in detecting malignant thrombosis [J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol， 1993; 160(6)∶1285.
12. 　Fujimoto K, Nakamura K, Takashima S, et al. Angioscopy of the inferior vena cava: preliminary observations in cases with involvement by neoplasm. Work in progress [J]. J Vasc Interv Radiol， 1991; 2(3)∶371.
13. 　Wong IH, Lo YM, Yeo W, et al. Frequent p15 promoter me-thylation in tumor and peripheral blood from hepatocellular carcinoma patients [J]. Clin Cancer Res， 2000; 6(9)∶3516.
14. 　Komeda T, Fukuda Y, Sando T, et al. Sensitive detection of circulating hepatocellular carcinoma cells in peripheral venous blood [J]. Cancer， 1995; 75(9)∶2214.
15. 　Sabile A, Louha M, Bonte E, et al. Efficiency of Ber-EP4 antibody for isolating circulating epithelial tumor cells before RT-PCR detection [J]. Am J Clin Pathol， 1999; 112(2)∶171.
16. 　Vona G, Sabile A, Louha M, et al. Isolation by size of epithelial tumor cells: a new method for the immunomorphological and molecular characterization of circulatingtumor cells [J]. Am J Pathol， 2000; 156(1)∶57.
17. 　Rostagno P, Moll JL, Bisconte JC, et al. Detection of rare circulating breast cancer cells by filtration cytometry and identification by DNA content: sensitivity in an experimental model [J]. Anticancer Res， 1997; 17(4A)∶2481.
18. 　Ito A, Shinkai M, Honda H, et al. Medical application of functionalized magnetic nanoparticles [J]. J Biosci Bioengin, 2005; 100(1)∶1.
19. 　Jiang SY, Shyu RY, Huang MF, et al. Detection of alphafetoprotein-expressing cells in the blood of patients with hepatoma and hepatitis [J]. Br J Cancer， 1997; 75(6)∶928.
20. 　Funaki N, Tanaka J, Seto S, et al. Highly-sensitive identification of alpha-fetoprotein mRNA in circulating peripheral blood of hepatocellular carcinoma patients [J]. Life Sci， 1995; 57(17)∶1621.
21. 　Matsumura M, Niwa Y, Hikiba Y, et al. Sensitive assay for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma associated gene transcription (alpha-fetoprotein mRNA) in blood [J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun， 1995; 207(2)∶813.
22. 　Chou HC, Sheu JC, Huang GT, et al. Albumin messenger RNA is not specific for circulating hepatoma cells [J]. Gastroenterology， 1994; 107(2)∶630.
23. 　Kienle P, Weitz J, Klaes R, et al. Detection of isolated disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow and blood samples of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Arch Surg， 2000; 135(2)∶213.
24. 　Gross-Goupil M, Saffroy R, Azoulay D, et al. Real-time quantification of AFP mRNA to assess hematogenous dissemination after transarterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Ann Surg， 2003; 238(2)∶241.
25. 　Mou DC, Cai SL, Peng JR, et al. Evaluation of MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 as tumour-specific markers to detect blood dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma cells [J]. Br J Cancer， 2002; 86(1)∶110.
26. 　Fujiwara Y, Sugita Y, Nakamori S, et al. Assessment of Stanniocalcin-1 mRNA as a molecular marker for micrometastases of various human cancers [J]. Int J Oncol， 2000; 16(4)∶799.
27. 　Matsumura M, Niwa Y, Kato N, et al. Detection of alpha-fetoprotein mRNA, an indicator of hematogenous spreading hepatocellular carcinoma, in the circulation: a possible predictor of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Hepatology， 1994; 20(6)∶1418.
28. 　Miyamoto A, Fujiwara Y, Sakon M, et al. Development of a multiple-marker RT-PCR assay for detection of micrometastases of hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Dig Dis Sci， 2000; 45(7)∶1376.
29. 　Wong IH, Yeo W, Leung T, et al. Circulating tumor cell mRNAs in peripheral blood from hepatocellular carcinoma patients under radiotherapy, surgical resection or chemotherapy: a quantitative evaluation [J]. Cancer Lett， 2001; 167(2)∶183.
30. 　Chelly J, Concordet JP, Kaplan JC, et al. Illegitimate transcription: transcription of any gene in any cell type [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA， 1989; 86(8)∶2617.
31. 　Aselmann H, Wolfes H, Rohde F, et al. Quantification of alpha 1-fetoprotein mRNA in peripheral blood and bone marrow: a tool for perioperative evaluation of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma [J]. Langenbecks Arch Surg， 2001; 386(2)∶118.
32. 　Nicoli N, Casaril A, Hilal MA, et al. A case of rapid intrahepatic dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency thermal ablation [J]. Am J Surg， 2004; 188(2)∶165.
33. 　Wu F, Wang ZB, Jin CB, et al. Circulating tumor cells in patients with solid malignancy treated by high-intensity focused ultrasound [J]. Ultrasound Med Biol， 2004; 30(4)∶511.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Significance and Problems in Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Micrometastasis in Peripheral Blood

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