Growth Factors and Their Application in Treatment for Short Bowel Syndrome_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

WU Yingxin ,  WU Xiaoting

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery， West China Hospital， Sichuan University， Chengdu 610041， Sichuan Province， China;

Corresponding author：

WU Xiaoting, Email: wxt1@medmail.com.cn

Keywords：

Growth factor; Short bowel syndrome; Intestinal compensation

Video：

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Objective 　To investigate the effect and mechanism of growth factors on intestinal compensation after massive intestinal resection， and understand the progress of growth factors in nutrition support treatment for short bowel syndrome （SBS）.
Method 　The related literatures about the application and effect of growth factors in the patients with SBS were reviewed.
Results 　Different kinds of growth factors had different effects on intestinal adaptation after massive intestinal resection. The application of growth factors according to the specific circumstances of the patients with SBS could shorten the residual small intestine compensatory time and improve the nutrition status of the patient with SBS.
Conclusions 　Growth factors play important role in promoting the intestinal adaptation after resection. Different kinds of growth factors have their effects and it’s helpful for getting rid of the total parenteral nutrition early. However， much work still remains to be done.

Citation： WU Yingxin,WU Xiaoting,.. Growth Factors and Their Application in Treatment for Short Bowel Syndrome. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2013, 20(8): 951-956. doi: Copy

1.	Ziegler TR， Fernández-Estívariz C， Gu LH， et al. Distributionof the H＋/peptide transporter PepT1 in human intestine：up-regulated expression in the colonic mucosa of patients with short-bowel syndrome[J]. Am J Clin Nutr， 2002， 75(5)：922-930.
2.	Donohoe CL， Reynolds JV. Short bowel syndrome[J]. Surgeon， 2010， 8(5)：270-279.
3.	Wales PW， Christison-Lagay ER. Short bowel syndrome：epidemiology and etiology[J]. Semin Pediatr Surg， 2010， 19(1)：3-9.
4.	顾岩，吴肇汉，靳大勇. 添加生长激素肠外营养对短肠大鼠代谢效应的影响[J]. 上海医科大学学报， 2000， 27(2)：117-120.
5.	Ljungmann K， Grofte T， Kissmeyer-Nielsen P， et al. GH decre-ases hepatic amino acid degradation after small bowel resection in rats without enhancing bowel adaptation[J]. Am J Physiol Gast-rointest Liver Physiol， 2000， 279(4)：G700-G706.
6.	苏震东，秦环龙. 生长激素对短肠综合征鼠残存肠道代偿及吸收功能的影响[J]. 世界华人消化杂志， 2004， 12(3)：646.
7.	Déchelotte P， Darmaun D， Rongier M， et al. Absorption and metabolic effects of enterally administered glutamine in humans[J]. Am J Physiol， 1991， 260(5 Pt 1)：G677-G682.
8.	Ucar AD， Kocdor H， Canda AE， et al. The effects of parenteral glutamine on intestinal adaptation in a rat model of short bowel syndrome[J]. Central Eur J Med， 2010， 5(1)：115-122.
9.	Byrne TA， Morrissey TB， Nattakom TV， et al. Growth hormone，glutamine， and a modified diet enhance nutrient absorption in pati-ents with severe short bowel syndrome[J]. JPEN J ParenterEnteral Nutr， 1995， 19(4)：296-302.
10.	Wilmore DW. Postoperative protein sparing[J]. World J Surg， 1999， 23(6)：545-552.
11.	Keating GM， Wellington K. Somatropin (Zorbtive)：in short bowel syndrome[J]. Drugs， 2004， 64(12)：1375-1383.
12.	张明鸣，伍晓汀. 肠康复治疗和短肠综合征[J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志， 2007， 14(1)：117-119.
13.	Clayton PE， Banerjee I， Murray PG， et al. Growth hormone， the insulin-like growth factor axis， insulin and cancer risk[J]. Nat Rev Endocrinol， 2011， 7(1)：11-24.
14.	Goulet O， Dabbas-Tyan M， Talbotec C， et al. Effect of recombinant human growth hormone on intestinal absorption and body composition in children with short bowel syndrome[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 2010， 34(5)：513-520.
15.	Szkudlarek J， Jeppesen PB， Mortensen PB. Effect of high dose growth hormone with glutamine and no change in diet on intestinal absorption in short bowel patients：a randomised， double blind， crossover， placebo controlled study[J]. Gut， 2000， 47(2)：199-205.
16.	Byrne TA， Wilmore DW， Iyer K， et al. Growth hormone， gluta-mine， and an optimal diet reduces parenteral nutrition in patients with short bowel syndrome：a prospective， randomized， placebo-controlled， double-blind clinical trial[J]. Ann Surg， 2005， 242(5)：655-661.
17.	Drozdowski L， Thomson ABR. Intestinal hormones and growth factors：Effects on the small intestine[J]. World J Gastroenterol， 2009， 15(4)：385-406.
18.	Shin CE， Falcone RA Jr， Duane KR， et al. The distribution of endogenous epidermal growth factor after small bowel resection suggests increased intestinal utilization during adaptation [J]. J Pediatr Surg， 1999， 34(1)：22-26.
19.	Stern LE， Erwin CR， O’Brien DP， et al. Epidermal growth factoris critical for intestinal adaptation following small bowel resection[J]. Microsc Res Tech， 2000， 51(2)：138-148.
20.	Shin CE， Helmrath MA， Falcone RA Jr， et al. Epidermal growth factor augments adaptation following small bowel resection：optimal dosage， route， and timing of administration[J]. J Surg Res， 1998， 77(1)：11-16.
21.	Thompson JS. Epidermal growth factor and the short bowel syn-drome[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 1999， 23(5 Suppl)：S113-S116.
22.	Bortvedt SF， Lund PK. Insulin-like growth factor 1：common mediator of multiple enterotrophic hormones and growth factors[J]. Curr Opin Gastroenterol， 2012， 28(2)：89-98.
23.	Ziegler TR， Mantell MP， Chow JC， et al. Intestinal adaptation after extensive small bowel resection：differential changes in growth and insulin-like growth factor system messenger ribonucleic acids in jejunum and ileum[J]. Endocrinology， 1998， 139(7)：3119-3126.
24.	Wilmore DW. Growth factors and nutrients in the short bowel syndrome[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 1999， 23(5 Suppl)：S117-S120.
25.	Gillingham MB， Dahly EM， Carey HV， et al. Differential jejunaland colonic adaptation due to resection and IGF-Ⅰ in parenterallyfed rats[J]. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol， 2000， 278(5)：G700-G709.
26.	Heinz-Erian P， Kessler U， Funk B， et al. Identification and in situ localization of the insulin-like growth factor-Ⅱ/mannose-6-phosphate (IGF-Ⅱ/M6P) receptor in the rat gastrointestinal tract：comparison with the IGF-Ⅰ receptor[J]. Endocrinology， 1991， 129(4)：1769-1778.
27.	Scott RB， Kirk D， Macnaughton WK， et al. GLP-2 augments the adaptive response to massive intestinal resection in rat[J]. Am J Physiol， 1998， 275(5 Pt 1)：G911-G921.
28.	Muto M， Kaji T， Mukai M， et al. Ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-2 increase immediately following massive small bowel resection[J]. Peptides， 2013， 43C：160-166.
29.	Perez A， Duxbury M， Rocha FG， et al. Glucagon-like peptide 2 is an endogenous mediator of postresection intestinal adaptation[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 2005， 29(2)：97-101.
30.	Jeppesen PB， Hartmann B， Thulesen J， et al. Glucagon-like peptide 2 improves nutrient absorption and nutritional status in short-bowel patients with no colon[J]. Gastroenterology， 2001， 120(4)：806-815.
31.	Jeppesen PB， Sanguinetti EL， Buchman A， et al. Teduglutide (ALX-0600)， a dipeptidyl peptidaseⅣ resistant glucagon-like peptide 2 analogue， improves intestinal function in short bowel syndrome patients[J]. Gut， 2005， 54(9)：1224-1231.
32.	Sukhotnik I， Yakirevich E， Coran AG， et al. Effect of transforminggrowth factor-alpha on intestinal adaptation in a rat model of short bowel syndrome[J]. J Surg Res， 2002， 108(2)：235-242.
33.	Falcone RA Jr， Stern LE， Kemp CJ， et al. Intestinal adaptation occurs independent of transforming growth factor-alpha[J]. J Pediatr Surg， 2000， 35(2)：365-370.
34.	Alison MR， Sarraf CE. The role of growth factors in gastrointestinal cell proliferation[J]. Cell Biol Int， 1994， 18(1)：1-10.
35.	Sonis S. The quest for effective treatments of mucositis[J]. J Support Oncol， 2011， 9(5)：170-171.
36.	Washizawa N， Gu LH， Gu L， et al. Comparative effects of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2)， growth hormone (GH)， and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) on markers of gut adaptation after massive small bowel resection in rats[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 2004， 28(6)：399-409.
37.	Jonas CR， Estívariz CF， Jones DP， et al. Keratinocyte growth factor enhances glutathione redox state in rat intestinal mucosa during nutritional repletion[J]. J Nutr， 1999， 129(7)：1278-1284.
38.	Johnson WF， Dipalma CR， Ziegler TR， et al. Keratinocyte growth factor enhances early gut adaptation in a rat model of short bowel syndrome[J]. Vet Surg， 2000， 29(1)：17-27.
39.	Yang H， Wildhaber BE， Teitelbaum DH. Keratinocyte growth factor improves epithelial function after massive small bowelresection[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 2003， 27(3)：198-207.

1. Ziegler TR， Fernández-Estívariz C， Gu LH， et al. Distributionof the H＋/peptide transporter PepT1 in human intestine：up-regulated expression in the colonic mucosa of patients with short-bowel syndrome[J]. Am J Clin Nutr， 2002， 75(5)：922-930.
2. Donohoe CL， Reynolds JV. Short bowel syndrome[J]. Surgeon， 2010， 8(5)：270-279.
3. Wales PW， Christison-Lagay ER. Short bowel syndrome：epidemiology and etiology[J]. Semin Pediatr Surg， 2010， 19(1)：3-9.
4. 顾岩，吴肇汉，靳大勇. 添加生长激素肠外营养对短肠大鼠代谢效应的影响[J]. 上海医科大学学报， 2000， 27(2)：117-120.
5. Ljungmann K， Grofte T， Kissmeyer-Nielsen P， et al. GH decre-ases hepatic amino acid degradation after small bowel resection in rats without enhancing bowel adaptation[J]. Am J Physiol Gast-rointest Liver Physiol， 2000， 279(4)：G700-G706.
6. 苏震东，秦环龙. 生长激素对短肠综合征鼠残存肠道代偿及吸收功能的影响[J]. 世界华人消化杂志， 2004， 12(3)：646.
7. Déchelotte P， Darmaun D， Rongier M， et al. Absorption and metabolic effects of enterally administered glutamine in humans[J]. Am J Physiol， 1991， 260(5 Pt 1)：G677-G682.
8. Ucar AD， Kocdor H， Canda AE， et al. The effects of parenteral glutamine on intestinal adaptation in a rat model of short bowel syndrome[J]. Central Eur J Med， 2010， 5(1)：115-122.
9. Byrne TA， Morrissey TB， Nattakom TV， et al. Growth hormone，glutamine， and a modified diet enhance nutrient absorption in pati-ents with severe short bowel syndrome[J]. JPEN J ParenterEnteral Nutr， 1995， 19(4)：296-302.
10. Wilmore DW. Postoperative protein sparing[J]. World J Surg， 1999， 23(6)：545-552.
11. Keating GM， Wellington K. Somatropin (Zorbtive)：in short bowel syndrome[J]. Drugs， 2004， 64(12)：1375-1383.
12. 张明鸣，伍晓汀. 肠康复治疗和短肠综合征[J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志， 2007， 14(1)：117-119.
13. Clayton PE， Banerjee I， Murray PG， et al. Growth hormone， the insulin-like growth factor axis， insulin and cancer risk[J]. Nat Rev Endocrinol， 2011， 7(1)：11-24.
14. Goulet O， Dabbas-Tyan M， Talbotec C， et al. Effect of recombinant human growth hormone on intestinal absorption and body composition in children with short bowel syndrome[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 2010， 34(5)：513-520.
15. Szkudlarek J， Jeppesen PB， Mortensen PB. Effect of high dose growth hormone with glutamine and no change in diet on intestinal absorption in short bowel patients：a randomised， double blind， crossover， placebo controlled study[J]. Gut， 2000， 47(2)：199-205.
16. Byrne TA， Wilmore DW， Iyer K， et al. Growth hormone， gluta-mine， and an optimal diet reduces parenteral nutrition in patients with short bowel syndrome：a prospective， randomized， placebo-controlled， double-blind clinical trial[J]. Ann Surg， 2005， 242(5)：655-661.
17. Drozdowski L， Thomson ABR. Intestinal hormones and growth factors：Effects on the small intestine[J]. World J Gastroenterol， 2009， 15(4)：385-406.
18. Shin CE， Falcone RA Jr， Duane KR， et al. The distribution of endogenous epidermal growth factor after small bowel resection suggests increased intestinal utilization during adaptation [J]. J Pediatr Surg， 1999， 34(1)：22-26.
19. Stern LE， Erwin CR， O’Brien DP， et al. Epidermal growth factoris critical for intestinal adaptation following small bowel resection[J]. Microsc Res Tech， 2000， 51(2)：138-148.
20. Shin CE， Helmrath MA， Falcone RA Jr， et al. Epidermal growth factor augments adaptation following small bowel resection：optimal dosage， route， and timing of administration[J]. J Surg Res， 1998， 77(1)：11-16.
21. Thompson JS. Epidermal growth factor and the short bowel syn-drome[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 1999， 23(5 Suppl)：S113-S116.
22. Bortvedt SF， Lund PK. Insulin-like growth factor 1：common mediator of multiple enterotrophic hormones and growth factors[J]. Curr Opin Gastroenterol， 2012， 28(2)：89-98.
23. Ziegler TR， Mantell MP， Chow JC， et al. Intestinal adaptation after extensive small bowel resection：differential changes in growth and insulin-like growth factor system messenger ribonucleic acids in jejunum and ileum[J]. Endocrinology， 1998， 139(7)：3119-3126.
24. Wilmore DW. Growth factors and nutrients in the short bowel syndrome[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 1999， 23(5 Suppl)：S117-S120.
25. Gillingham MB， Dahly EM， Carey HV， et al. Differential jejunaland colonic adaptation due to resection and IGF-Ⅰ in parenterallyfed rats[J]. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol， 2000， 278(5)：G700-G709.
26. Heinz-Erian P， Kessler U， Funk B， et al. Identification and in situ localization of the insulin-like growth factor-Ⅱ/mannose-6-phosphate (IGF-Ⅱ/M6P) receptor in the rat gastrointestinal tract：comparison with the IGF-Ⅰ receptor[J]. Endocrinology， 1991， 129(4)：1769-1778.
27. Scott RB， Kirk D， Macnaughton WK， et al. GLP-2 augments the adaptive response to massive intestinal resection in rat[J]. Am J Physiol， 1998， 275(5 Pt 1)：G911-G921.
28. Muto M， Kaji T， Mukai M， et al. Ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-2 increase immediately following massive small bowel resection[J]. Peptides， 2013， 43C：160-166.
29. Perez A， Duxbury M， Rocha FG， et al. Glucagon-like peptide 2 is an endogenous mediator of postresection intestinal adaptation[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 2005， 29(2)：97-101.
30. Jeppesen PB， Hartmann B， Thulesen J， et al. Glucagon-like peptide 2 improves nutrient absorption and nutritional status in short-bowel patients with no colon[J]. Gastroenterology， 2001， 120(4)：806-815.
31. Jeppesen PB， Sanguinetti EL， Buchman A， et al. Teduglutide (ALX-0600)， a dipeptidyl peptidaseⅣ resistant glucagon-like peptide 2 analogue， improves intestinal function in short bowel syndrome patients[J]. Gut， 2005， 54(9)：1224-1231.
32. Sukhotnik I， Yakirevich E， Coran AG， et al. Effect of transforminggrowth factor-alpha on intestinal adaptation in a rat model of short bowel syndrome[J]. J Surg Res， 2002， 108(2)：235-242.
33. Falcone RA Jr， Stern LE， Kemp CJ， et al. Intestinal adaptation occurs independent of transforming growth factor-alpha[J]. J Pediatr Surg， 2000， 35(2)：365-370.
34. Alison MR， Sarraf CE. The role of growth factors in gastrointestinal cell proliferation[J]. Cell Biol Int， 1994， 18(1)：1-10.
35. Sonis S. The quest for effective treatments of mucositis[J]. J Support Oncol， 2011， 9(5)：170-171.
36. Washizawa N， Gu LH， Gu L， et al. Comparative effects of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2)， growth hormone (GH)， and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) on markers of gut adaptation after massive small bowel resection in rats[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 2004， 28(6)：399-409.
37. Jonas CR， Estívariz CF， Jones DP， et al. Keratinocyte growth factor enhances glutathione redox state in rat intestinal mucosa during nutritional repletion[J]. J Nutr， 1999， 129(7)：1278-1284.
38. Johnson WF， Dipalma CR， Ziegler TR， et al. Keratinocyte growth factor enhances early gut adaptation in a rat model of short bowel syndrome[J]. Vet Surg， 2000， 29(1)：17-27.
39. Yang H， Wildhaber BE， Teitelbaum DH. Keratinocyte growth factor improves epithelial function after massive small bowelresection[J]. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr， 2003， 27(3)：198-207.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Growth Factors and Their Application in Treatment for Short Bowel Syndrome

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