【摘要】 目的 Ⅲ型主动脉夹层非体外循环腔内支架隔离术在围手术期应用硝普钠控制性降压易导致精神失常，总结相关护理经验。 方法 2009年7月-2010年2月确诊Ⅲ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤患者36例，围手术期应用硝普钠控制性降压，均采用非体外循环主动脉腔内隔离术治疗，排除手术、麻醉等因素所致脑损伤而产生的术后精神异常。 结果 有5例出现不同程度精神失常，经加用口服降压药，减少硝普钠泵入剂量，缩短硝普钠使用时间，经过精心治疗及护理，患者精神异常症状逐渐减轻直至消失。 结论 长期、大剂量应用硝普钠易导致精神失常，需加强护理，及时发现，及时处理。【Abstract】 Objective To summarize the nursing experiences for mental disorders caused by sodium nitroprusside used to cure hypertension in patients receiving off-pump intervention surgery for DeBackey Ⅲ aortic dissection. Methods From July 2009 to February 2010, 36 patients were diagnosed to have DeBackey Ⅲ aortic dissection in our department. All patients received off-pump intervention surgery. We used sodium nitroprusside to control hypertension during the operation. Mental disorders caused by brain damage from surgery, anesthesia and other factors were ruled out. Results Five patients suffered from psychiatric disorders. Oral antihypertensive drugs were used, and we reduced the dose and shortened the time of using sodium nitroprusside. After intensive treatment and care, the symptoms of mental disorders alleviated and disappeared. Conclusion Long-term and large dose of sodium nitroprusside can easily lead to mental disorders, which requires intensive care, timely detection and treatment.