Objective To observe the effects of culture medium of amniotic cells on NO and NOS in retinal tissues of rabbits in vitro in order to provide a protective method for antioxidation in retina transplantation. Methods Thirty adult healthy rabbits (30 right eyes) were divided into 3 groups. Group I: fresh retinal tissue; group II: routine culture medium; group III: culture medium of amniotic cells. The retinal tissues in group II and III were cultured in the corresponding culture medium for 1 week. The content of NO and NOS in retinal tissues in the 3 groups were determined. Results Compared with group I, the content of NO and NOS of group II increased obviously (t=3.821, 3.854; P＜0.001). There was no statistical difference of content of NO and NOS between group I and III (t=1.657, 1.745; P＞0.05). Conclusion Culture medium of amniotic cells may remove free radicals and enhance the ability of antioxidation. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：366-368)
OBJECTIVE To study the protective effects of Schwann cell derived neurotrophic factor (SDNF) on motoneurons of spinal anterior horn from spinal root avulsion induced cell death. METHODS Twenty SD rats were made the animal model of C6.7 spinal root avulsion induced motoneuron degeneration, and SDNF was applied at the lesion site of spinal cord once a week. After three weeks, the C6.7 spinal region was dissected out for motoneuron count, morphological analysis and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme histochemistry. RESULTS 68.6% motoneurons of spinal anterior horn death were occurred after 3 weeks following surgery, the size of survivors was significantly atrophy and NOS positive neurons increased. However, in animals which received SDNF treatment, the death of motoneurons was significantly decreased, the atrophy of surviving motoneurons was prevented, and expression of NOS was inhibited. CONCLUSION SDNF can prevent the death of motoneurons following spinal root avulsion. Nitric oxide may play a role in these injury induced motoneuron death.
Objective To investigate the relationship between delayed diagnosis time (time from symptom onset to diagnosis) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the burden of type 2 inflammation (defined as the persistent inflammatory status assessed by blood EOS counts, EOS%, and Fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO) among other biomarkers).MethodsThis study was a single-center, observational study that included patients with COPD first diagnosis at the respiratory outpatient department of our hospital from June 2023 to December 2024. Asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) were identified according to the 2017 Spanish COPD guidelines. Clinical data were collected, including gender, age, delayed diagnosis time, acute exacerbations in the past year, pulmonary function tests, exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and type 2 inflammatory markers such as blood eosinophil counts (EOS). The correlation between the delayed diagnosis time and type 2 inflammation burden, as well as its influencing factors, were analyzed. Results A total of 195 patients were included, with 98 cases of COPD and 97 cases of ACO. The mean delayed diagnosis time was 18.0 (2.8, 37.5) months for the overall patients, 24.0 (1.0, 60.0) months for COPD, and 16.5 (3.0, 36.0) months for ACO, with no significant difference between the COPD and ACO groups (P>0.05). The median blood EOS counts, EOS%, andFeNO levels were 180 cells/μL, 1.9%, and 18 ppb in the COPD group, respectively, compared to 350 cells/μL, 4.7%, and 28 ppb in the ACO group, indicating higher type 2 inflammation levels in the ACO group (all P<0.001). A significant correlations were found between the disease course and the blood EOS counts and EOS% of the patients (respectively r=0.159, 0.152, all P<0.05).FeNO levels showed no significant correlation with delayed diagnosis time of COPD (P>0.05). Patients with a history of asthma and acute exacerbations in the past year had longer delayed diagnosis time and higher peripheral blood eosinophil counts (all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI and delayed diagnosis time were independent influencing factors for blood EOS counts (all P<0.05). ConclusionDelayed diagnosis of COPD was associated with aggravated type 2 inflammatory burden. Clinical practice should emphasize early recognition of COPD symptoms and implement prompt therapeutic interventions.
ObjectiveTo explore the diagnostic value of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in adult asthma.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, CNKI and VIP databases were searched for relevant literatures from the time of database establishment to February 2021. Data analysis were made by Revman and Stata.ResultsA total of 44 articles with 47 records and 9654 subjects were included. The diagnosis sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of FeNO were 0.71 (95%CI 0.65 - 0.76), 0.80 (95%CI 0.75 - 0.84), 3.47 (95%CI 2.86 - 4.21), and 0.37 (95%CI 0.31 - 0.43), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 9.49 (95%CI 7.13 - 12.61), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.82 (95%CI 0.79 - 0.85).ConclusionsFeNO has certain diagnostic value in diagnosis of asthma. Types of asthma, region and cut-off value all have impact on the diagnostic efficiency of FeNO.
目的:研究呼吸操改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能的机制。方法:对本院46例COPD 患者随机分成对照组和治疗组,按常规内科治疗并对其有计划地进行健康知识教育。治疗组在常规内科治疗加康复指导基础上,增加呼吸操训练。测定治疗前后6分钟步行距离、血清白三烯、呼出气中一氧化氮浓度(fractional exhaled nitric oxide, FENO)。结果:治疗组较对照组6分钟步行能力改善,血清白三烯水平下降(Plt;0.05)、呼气NO含量下降(Plt;0.05)。结论:加强COPD患者的健康指导及呼吸操训练可改善患者肺功能状况,明显提高生活质量
ObjectiveTo detect the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) production in immunostimulated retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells to seek for the supplying of the arginine, a substrate for NOS; as well as the effects of produced NO on the tight junction of RPE-J cells. MethodsRat′s RPE-J cells were treated with interferon-γ(INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and Northern and Western blotting were applied to analyze the expression of the citrulline-NO cycle enzymes and related enzymes and the effect of dexamethasone and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) on the expression of iNOS. Immunocytochemistry reaction and Western blotting were used to evaluate the effect of produced NO on the tight junctions of RPE-J cells.ResultsiNOS and argininosuccinate synthetase (AS) were highly induced at both mRNA and protection levels in immunostimulated RPE cells while arginiosuccinate lyase (AL) was not induced. NO was produced by cells after stimulation with TNFα, IFNγ and LPS. The induction of iNOS mRNA and the production of NO by these immunostimulated cells was further enhanced by cAMP. NO was produced from citrulline as well as from arginine. And the produced NO impaired the tight junction of RPE-J cells, decreased the production of tight junction related protein ZO-1.ConclusionIn activated RPE-J cells, citrullinearginine recycling is important for NO production, and the produced NO weakened the function of tight junction of RPE-J cells.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005,21:32-36)
Objective To observe the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), its tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and contents of nitric oxide (NO) in the ocular tissues of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with endotoxin induced uveitis（EIU）. Methods Ninety SD rats were randomly divided into experimental (81 rats) and control group (9 rats). The model of EIU was induced in rats in experimental group by injecting with lipoplysaccharide (LPS) 200 μl into the hind feet pads, while the rats in the control group were not injected. Nine rats were executed 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours and 7 days, respectively, after injecting with LPS; the NO content and concentration of protein in the aqueous humor in blood plasma, aqueous humor, and uveal tissues were detected. The expressions of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and iNOS in the ocular tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the average absorbance (A) value was evaluated by computer medical image analysis system. Results iNOS, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expressed in the epithelial cells of iris and ciliary body and exudated inflammatory cells of rats. The concentration of protein in the aqueous humor, the contents of NO in blood plasma, aqueous humor, and uveal tissues, and A value of MMP-9 had obvious relativity with the inflammatory extent, while no positive correlation was found between the inflammatory extent and the A value of iNOS and TIMP-1. Expression of iNOS was found 6 hours after injection, reached the peak after 12 hours, and then dropped gradually. The expression of TIMP-1 could be seen 24 hours after injection, and reached its peak after 72 hours. Conclusion The content of NO and expressions of iNOS, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 changes from the beginning and during the development of EIU, which suggests that NO, iNOS, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 are involved in the pathologic process of EIU. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005, 21: 371-374)