目的:探讨人—感染猪链球病患者发生心理问题的原因及对策。方法：对33例人—感染猪链球菌病患者存在的心理问题进行回顾性分析。结果:患者存在紧张恐惧、焦虑多疑、悲观失望及过分依赖的问题,通过针对性的心理护理,33例患者身心康复,痊愈出院。结论:对人感染猪链球茵病患者在实施准确及时的治疗和护理措施的同时。全面准确评估患者情况,加强心理护理,进行心理疏导,给予有针对性心理干预措施,可有效的促进患者身心健康的恢复,促进疾病治愈。
ObjectiveTo discuss clinical characteristics and nursing countermeasure of pregnant/delivery women with tuberculosis. MethodsFrom January 2012 to December 2013, 52 cases of pregnant women complicated with tuberculosis were included. We offered specific nursing according to the psychological counseling, reasonable administration, diet nursing, fever and prevention of hospital infection on the base of their clinical features, and then analyzed the effect. ResultsIn 52 patients who had undergone the tuberculosis and obsterrics and gynecology treatment, 4 puerperal patients died of severe pneumonia and multiple organ failure; in 48 gestational patients with tuberculosis, 23 early-middle term patients accept termination of pregnancy, and in 25 middle-late term patients, 3 had full-term natural labor, 4 underwent full-term cesarean section, 5 had premature labor, and 13 continued the pregnacy. Sixteen neonatus (including 4 given at the other hospitals) had normal results of physical examination without any deformity, in whom 5 had low body weight (body weight less than 2500 g), with negative results of tuberculin test and the result of 3-moth follow-up was normal. Three months after the anti-tuberculosis treatment, the lesion was obviously absorbed in 25 patients and in 23 patients within half of a year. No patients had hospital infection. ConclusionNursing care of pregnant patients with tuberculosis should strengthen the guidance on the patients health education, improve their compliance and self-protection knowledge. Also should strengthen the basic level medical personnel training and improve the ability of early diagnosis of tuberculosis and early treatment to reduce maternal mortality.
目的:探讨甲型H1N1流感患者安全转运中的消毒措施和防护流程。方法:对我国首例甲型H1N1流感患者转运的各个环节,包括工作人员的个人防护、车辆要求、物品消毒规范和操作流程进行分析。结果:应对首例甲型H1N1流感突发疫情的能力得到提高,转运顺利,安全将该例甲型H1N1流感患者接回医院,在转运过程中无交叉感染情况发生。结论:严格的消毒措施、规范的着装,以及有效的监督等措施,是我们面对突发疫情应急工作任务时,防止防止交叉感染的关键。
目的:分析犬伤暴露后到我院犬伤门诊就诊病例的流行病学相关因素,为制定狂犬病的防治策略提供科学依据。方法:采用描述性统计方法根据犬伤门诊记录,对就诊患者的年龄、性别、发病时间、暴露级别、伤口处理、疫苗接种和犬伤Ⅲ度暴露者狂犬免疫球蛋白的接种及伤人犬只情况等相关因素进行统计。结果:2008年我院犬伤门诊共接诊2 589例,咬伤人犬只的接种率为46.26 %。就诊病例的年龄有两个高峰,分别是0～10岁组和21～30岁组。就诊时间除1～2月和11～12月病例较少外,全年各月份均在198～342人之间。犬伤暴露后,只有2.16 %病例及时、正确地处理了伤口。100%的犬伤暴露者进行了狂犬疫苗的注射。犬伤Ⅲ度暴露中,狂犬免疫球蛋白的使用仅为28.4%。结论:加强犬类动物的管理,对家犬实行免疫,加强对低年龄组儿童的保护。做好狂犬病的防治和知识的宣传工作,合理设置犬伤医学门诊。加大政府投入力度提供全程、免费接种服务。
Objective To systematically review the risk factors for death in children with tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Methods The CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, CBM, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, EMbase and CINAHL databases were electronically searched to collect studies on the risk factors for death in children with TBM from inception to October 2022. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 15 studies involving 2 597 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that male (OR=2.41, 95%CI 1.61 to 3.61, P<0.01), no history of BCG vaccination (OR=3.74, 95%CI 1.96 to 7.12, P<0.01), TBM stage (stage Ⅲ) (OR=2.04, 95%CI 1.26 to 3.28, P<0.01), HIV infection (OR=3.28, 95%CI 1.20 to 8.93, P=0.02), convulsion (OR=3.61, 95%CI 3.31 to 3.94, P<0.01), disturbance of consciousness (OR=3.58, 95%CI 2.40 to 5.34, P<0.01), cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration increased (OR=1.87, 95%CI 1.39 to 2.51, P<0.01), hydrocephalus (OR=2.44, 95%CI 1.60 to 3.71, P<0.01) and short hospitalization (OR=2.89, 95%CI 2.05 to 4.06, P<0.01) were risk factors for death in children with TBM. Under 5 years old, negative PPD skin test, positive meningeal irritation sign, malnutrition and history of contact with TB may not be associated with the death of TBM in children. Conclusion Male, no history of BCG vaccination, TBM stage (stage Ⅲ), HIV infection, convulsions, disturbance of consciousness, cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration increased, hydrocephalus and short hospitalization are risk factors for death in children with TBM. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.