【摘要】 目的 分析临床实习对护理本科生专业认同的影响，探讨提高专业认同的措施。 方法 2010年6—10月，对某综合性大学60名2007级普通全日制护理本科生进行抽样调查，评价其实习前1个月和实习后3个月的专业认同情况，比较实习前、后的变化并分析影响因素。 结果 实习后专业认同的专业价值观得分[（3.13±0.85）分]高于实习前[（2.78±1.00）分]，实验专业期望得分[（12.09±2.13）分]低于实习前[（13.13±1.30）分]，差异有统计学意义（P=0.045，0.002）；而专业认识、情感、意志、技能和专业认同总分方面，实习前、后差异无统计学意义（Pgt;0.05）；其影响因素由强到弱依次为:带教老师（37.04%）、实际的护理工作（33.33%）、实习科室（22.22%）、他人态度（7.41%）。 结论 临床实习可提高护理本科生的专业价值观，带教老师及实际护理工作对专业认同影响较大。【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the effect of clinical practice on student nurses’ professional identity and explore measures to develop their professional identity. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select 60 general full-time student nurses who entered a comprehensive university in 2007. Then we assessed their professional identity at the time of one month before, and three months after clinical practice, compared the two results, and analyzed the related factors. Results The score of professional value dimension after clinical practice was higher than before (3.13±0.85 vs. 2.78±1.00, P=0.045), while the professional expectation dimension was lower than before (12.09±2.13 vs. 13.13±1.30, P=0.002), and the differences in above-mentioned indexes were statistically significant. There was no statistical difference before and after clinical practice in professional knowledge, professional affection, professional volition, professional skill dimensions, and total score of professional identity (Pgt;0.05). The related factors in a order from b to weak were clinical teacher (37.04%), practice work (33.33%), training department (22.22%), and others’ attitudes (7.41%). Conclusion Clinical practice may improve professional values but impair professional expectations of the student nurses, and clinical teacher and practice work have a great effect on student nurses’ professional identity.