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find Keyword "中心静脉" 68 results
  • 外周静脉置入中心静脉导管留置期间恶性肿瘤患者焦虑状况调查研究

    目的 了解肿瘤患者留置外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)期间的焦虑状况水平,为采取针对性的护理干预提供依据。 方法 2012年2月-4月通过便利抽样的方法,调查某三甲医院肿瘤中心入住的200例留置PICC患者的焦虑情况,分析焦虑产生的相关因素。 结果 留置PICC住院患者的焦虑自评量表评分比中国常模人群高,差异有统计学意义(t=11.2,P<0.05)。影响置管患者焦虑的因素有婚姻情况、文化程度、家庭背景、经济收入及医疗保险情况等。 结论 加强留置PICC患者健康教育和心理护理干预,可降低患者焦虑水平。

    Release date:2016-08-26 02:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 外周静脉置入中心静脉导管术在高原地区肿瘤患者中的应用观察

    目的 探讨外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)术在高原地区肿瘤患者中的临床应用,为西藏地区更好开展PICC技术提供依据。 方法 回顾性分析2010年8月-2012年4月113例肿瘤患者临床资料。 结果 穿刺成功111例,失败2例,成功率为98.2%。发生相关并发症14例,发生率12.4%,其中导管异位6例(5.3%),导管相关性感染3例(2.7%),栓塞2例(1.8%),机械性静脉炎2例(1.8%),导管部分脱出1例(0.8%)。 结论 PICC置管是一种置管成功率高,保留时间长,并发症较少、可靠有效的静脉治疗新途径,可在高原地区广泛推广应用。

    Release date:2016-08-26 02:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Causes, Prevention and Nursing of the Complication in Critically Ill Neurosurgical Patients with Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter

    目的 探讨神经外科危重患者经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)的常见并发症发生原因,同时总结并发症有效预防措施及护理对策。 方法 纳入2009年9月-2012年9月期间行PICC的190例神经外科重症住院患者,统计并发症发生率,对其原因进行分析,并开展针对性预防和护理。 结果 本组患者PICC置管后有75例发生不同类型并发症,其中置管时并发症17例,包括导管异位8例,送管困难6例,穿刺失败3例,发生率为9%;导管留置期间并发症58例,包括穿刺点渗血、渗液16例,意外拔管12例,静脉炎10例,导管部分脱出9例,导管堵塞7例,导管相关性感染3例,导管相关性静脉血栓1例,发生率为30.5%。根据其发生的不同原因,采取积极的治疗和护理措施,并发症得以治愈,降低了并发症发生率。 结论 规范护理流程,加强临床培训,熟悉和掌握PICC并发症的预防和护理措施,可提高PICC置管、使用的安全性。

    Release date:2016-08-26 02:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 静脉/动脉血液管理保护管路与经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管的联合应用

    目的 总结静脉/动脉血液管理保护管路(VAMP)与经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)联合应用于重症患者的血液标本采集的方法及护理。 方法 对2011年8月-11月79例留置PICC的患者应用VAMP采集血标本的方法进行回顾总结。 结果 79例患者所取血液标本合格率达100%,未发生针刺伤,且采血时未断开输液接头。 结论 PICC导管与VAMP配合应用可有效避免反复抽血给患者带来的痛苦,同时减少血样采集时的感染、针刺伤和血液废弃物,值得临床推广。

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  • Comparison of Two Catheter Implantation Methods in Administering Amphotericin B in Patients with Hematological Malignancies with Fungal Infections

    目的:通过经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管(PICC)或锁骨下静脉置管与前臂静脉留置针在血液病患者并发深部真菌感染时应用两性霉素B中的比较,探讨如何减少患者静脉炎及并发症发生率和再次静脉穿刺的发生率,从而提高患者生活质量。方法:80例血液病患者分为两组,40例PICC置管或锁骨下静脉置管组为A组,40例前臂静脉留置针为B组,记录静脉炎、疼痛发生情况、留置时间。结果:A组留置时间30~68天,B组留置时间1~5天;A组静脉炎率5%,B组静脉炎率45%;A组疼痛率5%,B组疼痛率35%;结论:在血液病患者并发深部真菌感染时应用两性霉素B治疗中,选用PICC置管或锁骨下静脉置管效果明显优于前臂静脉留置针,值得临床推广。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:14 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 动脉血氧分压对中心静脉血氧饱和度的影响

    目的 研究PaO2 水平对中心静脉血氧饱和度( ScvO2 ) 的影响。方法 随机选取20 例因呼吸衰竭而进行机械通气的患者, 分别在基础吸氧浓度、60% 和100% 吸氧浓度时进行动脉及中心静脉血气分析, 分析PaO2 、SaO2 和ScvO2 的变化情况。结果 随着吸氧浓度的增加, 患者的PaO2 出现明显上升, 分别为( 13. 01 ±2. 36) kPa、( 21. 29 ±5. 24) kPa 和( 37. 29 ±10. 13) kPa; ScvO2 也同时上升, 分别为( 66. 82 ±5. 93) % 、( 69. 60 ±6. 61) % 和( 76. 35 ±6. 50) % 。相关分析表明, FiO2 与PaO2 , 及ScvO2 与PaO2 之间均存在明显相关性( r1 = 0. 8233, r2 =0. 6996; P 均lt; 0. 01) 。结论 PaO2 水平的高低对ScvO2 存在影响, 较高水平PaO2 可以使ScvO2 出现明显升高。

    Release date:2016-09-14 11:23 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 中心静脉血氧饱和度监测在重症加强治疗病房中的临床应用

    重症加强治疗病房( ICU) 危重患者大部分因为多器官功能障碍综合征( MODS) 而生命受到威胁, 而组织缺氧是导致MODS 发生的最重要的因素之一, 是各因素相互作用的主要枢纽[ 1] 。混合静脉血氧饱和度( SvO2 ) 可以提供全身氧供需的评估, 了解组织缺氧的程度, 从而为危重患者治疗策略的实施提供依据[ 2] 。但其测定较为复杂, 必须通过放置SWAN-GANS 导管才能监测, 临床应用因此受到限制。中心静脉血氧饱和度( ScvO2 ) 是混合静脉血氧饱和度的组成部分, 主要反映了脑和躯体的上半部分对氧的供需之间的关系, 其临床操作侵袭性较小, 容易获取, 目前在ICU的应用越来越广泛[ 2] 。本综述主要介绍ScvO2 监测在ICU危重疾病的诊断、治疗和预后方面的重要意义和应用范围, 同时进一步强调了ICU氧平衡监测策略的重要性。

    Release date:2016-09-13 04:06 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Risk Factors of Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections in Intensive Care Unit of Primary Hospital

    Objective To explore the risk factors of catheter-associated bloodstream infections ( CRBSI) in intensive care unit ( ICU) of primary hospital. Methods A total of 623 patients with central venous catheters were recruited in the study. 60 of themsuffered fromCRBSI served as an observation group and other 563 cases without CRBSI served as control. Univariate analysis was used to scan possible risk factors. Then logistic regression analysis was used to exclude the confounding factors. Results The overall incidence rate of CRBSI was 9. 63% ( 60 /623) . There were significant differences in APACHE score, type of catheter, location of catheter, duration of central venous catheter, intravenous nutrition, use of steroid, times of intubation, urgent intubations, nutritional status, diabetes, and MODS between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that higher APACHE score, double-lumen catheter, femoral vein catheter, catheter indwelling more than two weeks, intravenous nutrition, intubation more than 2 times, and emergency intubation were risk factors of CRBSI. Conclusions Higher APACHE score, double-lumen catheter, femoral vein catheter, catheter indwelling more than two weeks, intravenous nutrition, intubation more than 2 times, and emergency intubation were major risk factors of CRBSI in ICU of primary hospital.

    Release date:2016-09-13 04:07 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The Clinical Significance of Central Venous Pressure Measurement after Cardiac Surgery

    Objective\ To investigate the clinical significance of measuring central venous pressure in patients after cardiac surgery.\ Methods\ Twenty four patients in postoperative cardiac surgery were randomly chosen, and investigated under three fettles:(1) The patients were sent into intensive care unit on mechanical ventilation; (2) They were all conscious and on mechanical ventilation 8 hours after operation; (3) 24 hours after operation, the patients were conscious with normal breathing.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:35 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • INFLUENCE OF THREE CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS ON PROLIFERATION, APOPTOSIS, AND CELL CYCLE OF XUANWEI LUNG CANCER-05 CELLS

    ObjectiveTo explore the influence of three central venous catheter biomedical materials (polyurethane, silicone, and polyvinyl chloride) on the proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of Xuanwei Lung Cancer-05 (XWLC-05) cells so as to provide the basis for clinical choice of central venous catheter. MethodsXWLC-05 cells were cultured and subcultured, and the cells at passage 3 were cultured with polyurethane, silicone, and polyvinyl chloride (1.0 cm × 1.0 cm in size), and only cells served as a control. At 24, 48, and 72 hours after cultured, MTT assay was used to detect the cellular proliferation and flow cytometry to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis. At 72 hours after cultured, inverted microscope was used to observe the cell growth. ResultsInverted microscope showed the cells grew well in control group, polyurethane group, and silicone group. In polyvinyl chloride group, the cells decreased, necrosed, and dissolved; residual adherent cells had morphologic deformity and decreased transmittance. At 24 and 48 hours, no significant difference in proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle was found among 4 groups (P gt; 0.05). At 72 hours, the proliferations of XWLC-05 cells in three material groups were significantly inhibited when compared with control group (P lt; 0.05), and the cells in polyvinyl chloride group had more significant proliferation inhibition than polyurethane group and silicone group (P lt; 0.05), but there was no signifcant difference in proliferation inhibition between polyurethane group and silicone group (P gt; 0.05). Compared with the control group, three material groups had significant impact on the rate of apoptosis and cell cycle: polyvinyl chloride group was the most remarkable, followed by silicone group, polyurethane group was minimum (P lt; 0.05). ConclusionPolyvinyl chloride can significantly impact the proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of XWLC-05 cells; polyurethane has better biocompatibility than polyvinyl chloride and silicone

    Release date:2016-08-31 05:39 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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