目的:探讨巨大听神经瘤治疗抉择,从而降低并发症。方法:通过36例巨大听神经瘤显微手术大部分切除肿瘤,残留肿瘤行伽玛刀治疗,并进行观察。结果:手术后无神经功能废损,伽玛刀治疗后随访2 ~4年,肿瘤被有效控制。结论:显微手术后配合伽玛刀治疗巨大听神经瘤可作为减少术后并发症,提高生活质量的有效手段。
目的 分析和总结采用双靶点伽玛刀治疗三叉神经痛术后疼痛缓解时间规律,为伽玛刀的临床治疗提供参考。 方法 2005年1月-2011年1月,共147例原发性三叉神经痛患者于四川大学华西医院接受Leksell C型伽玛刀治疗。使用4 mm准直器在三叉神经根制作2个等中心靶点,中心剂量80~90 Gy,控制脑桥照射剂量<20 Gy。术后定期对患者进行随访,对疼痛缓解时间进行统计分析。 结果 130例患者获得随访,随访时间11~64个月,平均28.7个月。术后疼痛完全缓解95例(73.1%),部分缓解29例(22.3%),无效6例(4.6%)。疼痛缓解时间4 h~12个月,平均3.6周,其中疼痛完全缓解患者的疼痛缓解时间明显短于部分缓解患者(P<0.05)。53例(40.8%)患者于术后出现术侧轻度面部麻木。 结论 患者术后疼痛缓解时间可能是预测伽玛刀治疗效果的重要因素,但疼痛缓解时间个体差异大,应进行长期随访观察。
【摘要】 目的 探讨伽玛刀治疗三叉神经痛MRI定位的最佳扫描序列。 方法 选择2004年7月-2006年3月行伽玛刀手术的原发性三叉神经痛患者60例,随机分为3组,每组各20例。伽玛刀术前上头架定位,然后对3组分别采用快速自旋回波序列(Turbo Spin Echo,TSE)、增强三维小角度激发快速梯度回波序列(enhanced three-dimensiunal fast low angle shot,enhanced 3D-FLASH)、三维结构干涉稳态序列(three-dimensional constructive interference in steady state,3D-CISS)进行扫描,观察三叉神经及周围血管的显示情况。 结果 ①TSE扫描20例三叉神经,14例显示优,血管显示一般。②增强3D-FLASH扫描三叉神经,18例显示优,2例显示良,周围血管显示优。③3D-CISS扫描三叉神经,20例均显示优,周围血管显示良。 结论 3D-CISS和增强3D-FLASH序列的融合影像能够清晰地显示三叉神经根及周围血管,有利于伽玛刀的精确定位,具有较高的临床应用价值,可以作为伽玛刀治疗原发性三叉神经痛的常规定位方法。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the optimal MRI localization sequences of gamma knife radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia. Methods From July 2004 to March 2006, sixty patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia were divided into three groups, using MR Turbo Spin Echo ( TSE), enhanced three-dimensiunal fast low angle shot 3D-FLASH and three-dimensional constructive interference in steady state ( 3D-CISS) sequence for stereotactic localization, respectively. The trigeminal nerve and surrounding vessels were observed. Results Only 14 trigeminal nerves were precisely displayed by MR TSE sequence, while 20 by 3D-CISS and 18 by 3D-FLASH. The display of surrounding vessels was excellent, good, and general by 3D-FLASH, 3D-CISS, and MR TSE, respectively. Conclusion 3D-CISS and enhanced 3D-FLASH fusion image can help achieve accurate orientation of gamma knife, which provides clear images of the trigeminal nerve and the surrounding vessels. Therefore it is of high value in clinical application, which can be used as the conventional localization method for gamma knife radiosurgery in the treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia.
【摘要】 目的 探讨伽玛刀治疗垂体腺瘤远期肿瘤控制及并发症发生情况。 方法 2004年6月-2006年12月共158例垂体腺瘤患者接受伽玛刀治疗。伽玛刀治疗边缘剂量12~30 Gy,以45%~70%等剂量曲线覆盖肿瘤灶。术后定期对患者进行门诊随访和鞍区增强MRI扫描,记录肿瘤控制及并发症发生情况。 结果 131例患者完成随访,平均随访时间49个月。至随访结束,共7例患者肿瘤增大复发。伽玛刀治疗后1、2、3、4及5年肿瘤控制率分别为95.8%、95.8%、95.8%、95.8%及93.9%。46例患者(35.1%)在治疗后出现暂时性头痛和感觉异常,对症处理后缓解;4例患者(3.1%)出现垂体功能低下,接受激素替代治疗。未观察到其他颅神经和血管损害表现。 结论 伽玛刀治疗垂体瘤远期疗效肯定,并发症轻微,是一种安全可靠的垂体瘤治疗手段。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the long-term tumor control and side effects of gamma knife treatment for pituitary adenoma. Methods One hundred and fifty-eight patients with pituitary adenoma undergone gamma knife treatment were periodically followed up from June 2004 to December 2006. The prescript radiation dosage was 12-30 Gy. An enhanced MRI scan was scheduled every 6-12 months after the treatment. The tumor sizes of different scan were compared and the side effects were recorded. Results One hundred and thirty-one patients finished the follow-up procedure with an average time of 49 months. One hundred and twenty-four patients received good tumor control at the end of the research and recurrence was seen in seven patients. The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5- year tumor control rates were 95.8%, 95.8%, 95.8%, 95.8%, and 93.9% respectively. Forty-six patients showed temporal and were relieved after treatment. Hypopituitarism was seen in four patients but no cranial nerve or vascular damage was detected. Conclusion The long-term effect of gamma knife therapy for pituitary adenoma remains good and the incidence of side effects is low. Gamma knife therapy could be a safe and effective choice for pituitary adenoma treatment.
摘要:目的:探讨伽玛刀治疗颅内肿瘤并发放射性脑损伤的MRI影像表现及其组织病理学基础。方法:回顾性分析8例经手术及病理证实的放射性脑损伤的MRI表现;其中,星形胶质细胞瘤4例,转移性腺癌2例,血管母细胞瘤1例,鼻咽癌1例。结果:病变位于小脑半球、额叶、颞叶及顶叶,8例9个病灶共有2种MRI表现:5例6个病灶平扫T1WI呈低、等信号,T2WI呈稍高、高信号,增强扫描呈“结节状”、“花环状”强化;3个病灶平扫为类圆形,T1WI呈均匀低信号,T2WI呈高信号,边界清楚,增强扫描囊腔无强化,囊壁轻度均匀强化。所有病例均有占位效应。结论:伽玛刀所致放射性脑损伤具有一定的特征性,特别是囊状坏死。
目的:初步探讨伽玛刀治疗前后复发胶质母细胞瘤中P53及PCNA蛋白表达的变化及其临床意义。方法:用免疫组化SP法检测29例复发胶质母细胞瘤患者(伽玛刀刀治疗组12例,非伽玛刀治疗组17例)在初发和复发的肿瘤组织中P53蛋白和PCNA蛋白的表达。结果:两组患者在性别,年龄,肿瘤部位及大小构成上差异无统计学意义(Pgt;0.05);两组的复发时间的差异有统计学意义(P=0.0409lt;0.05);在伽玛刀治疗组P53及PCNA蛋白在复发胶质母细胞瘤中表达明显降低(p53,t=3.915,P=0.02lt;0.05;PCNA,t=2.962,P=0.013lt;0.05);非伽玛刀治疗组p53及PCNA蛋白在复发胶质母细胞瘤中表达明显增加(p53,t=-5.926,P=0.000lt;0.05;PCNA,t=-5.160,P=0.000lt;0.05);P53及PCNA蛋白在伽玛刀治疗组和非伽玛刀治疗组的表达变化有统计学意义(p53,t=-5.577,P=0.000lt;0.05PCNA,t=-5.542,P=0.000lt;0.05);在伽玛刀治疗组及非伽玛刀治疗组,P53蛋白和PCNA蛋白的阳性表达率不存在明显的相关性(伽玛刀治疗组,r=-0.085,P=0.792gt;0.05非伽玛刀治疗组,r=0.450,P=0.07gt;0.05)。结论:P53及PCNA蛋白的异常表达与胶质母细胞瘤的复发有关,伽玛刀治疗胶质母细胞瘤瘤可能通过抑制P53及PCNA蛋白表达而起作用。
目的:探讨综合护理干预对头部伽玛刀治疗患者负性情绪的影响。方法: 将80例进行伽玛刀治疗的颅内病变患者随机分为干预组和对照组各40例,干预组实施综合性护理干预,包括心理护理、健康教育、社会家庭支持、伽玛刀专科护理等,对照组按伽玛刀治疗护理常规进行,分别与入院第1日及治疗前1h、治疗过程中用SAS焦虑自评量表和VAS恐惧测定量表进行评分。结果:干预组的负性情绪程度明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.01)。结论:头部伽玛刀治疗患者存在一定程度的情绪障碍,综合护理干预可明显缓解患者的负性情绪。