west china medical publishers
Keyword
  • Title
  • Author
  • Keyword
  • Abstract
Advance search
Advance search

Search

find Keyword "体位" 38 results
  • Miels氏术患者体位对血流动力学影响的研究及护理干预

    目的:通过Miels氏术患者体位对血流动力学影响的研究,明确护理干预的措施。方法:将62例Miels氏术患者由截石位改平卧位及高血压、不同手术时间的患者体位改变时,心功能及血流动力学变化情况进行了比较和统计学处理。结果:62例患者中有45例体位改变时收缩压下降超过2.69 kPa以上,比文献报道高,高血压与手术时间3h以上组患者,除心率较对照组高外,各项心功能指标均下降,血流动力学变化差异有统计学意义。结论:有效的护理干预能预防患者体位改变时血流动力学波动,从而保证患者围手术期安全。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:04 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 奥克兰手术体位垫在胸科侧卧位手术中的应用研究

    【摘要】目的观察使用奥克兰(OKL)手术体位垫在胸科侧卧位手术中的应用效果。方法2009年311月的侧卧位手术80例患者作为试验组,手术时间2~8 h,按改进方法在900侧卧位中合理使用OKL手术体位垫。2008年4月2009年2月的侧卧位手术80例作为对照组,手术时间2~7 h,使用常规体位垫。结果试验组无体位所致的皮肤压伤;对照组5例患者出现体位所致的皮肤压伤;1例健侧上肢有疼痛、麻木感觉。两组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6486,Plt;005)。结论合理使用OKL手术体位垫后的侧卧位方法优于常规侧卧位方法。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:45 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Effects of Neck Hyperextension Position on Hemodynamics of Vertebral Artery Following Thyroidectomy and Correlation Between Change of Hemodynamics and Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

    Objective To approach the effect of neck hyperextension position on hemodynamics of vertebral artery following thyroidectomy, and analyze the correlation between the change of hemodynamics and nausea and vomiting. Methods One hundred and fifty-eight patients with preparing for thyroidectomy (thyroidectomy group) and 89 patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC, LC group) were selected. The anesthesia method and the anesthesia drugs were the same in two groups. The indexes of hemodynamics of the bilateral vertebral artery at 6 h before and after thyroidectomy were measured. The difference of nausea and vomiting was observed and compared in two groups. Results The average blood flow velocity of the bilateral vertebral artery reduced and the blood flow decreased at 6 h after thyroidectomy as compared with at 6 h before thyroidectomy (P<0.05). The rates of nausea and vomiting of 0,2, 3, 4 times in the thyroidectomy group were significantly higher than those in the LC group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The durations of nausea and vomiting of 1, 2, 3, 4 times in the thyroidectomy group were also significantly longer than those in the LC group (P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between the nausea and vomiting and the changes of blood flow velocity or blood flow (change of blood flow velocity:rs=0.697, P=0.03;change of blood flow:rs=0.897, P=0.01). Conclusions There is a certain effect of the neck hyperextension position on hemodynamics of the bilatreal vertebral artery, and which might affect the nausea and vomiting following thyroidectomy.

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:35 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Pregnant Women Body Position Management Influence on Birth Process

    目的 探讨体位指导对产程的影响。 方法 选择2007年1月-2008年1月产科住院的经特殊体位管理分娩的260例产妇,作为观察组;同期未予以体位指导的经阴道分娩的260例产妇作为对照组,产程中未作体位指导,一般以平卧为主。观察两组产程进展情况、胎儿宫内窘迫、剖宫产率等。 结果 观察组与对照组相比,第1产程及第2产程明显缩短,胎儿宫内窘迫、剖宫产率明显降低,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 对孕妇实行体位管理能加快产程,避免各种产科并发症的发生,增加了阴道分娩率,减少了剖宫产率。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:49 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 妇科腹腔镜术中体位相关并发症分析及护理对策

    【摘要】 目的 探讨腹腔镜手术中不同护理方式对非切口疼痛相关并发症发生率的影响。 方法 2007年11月-2009年12月,将112例腹腔镜患者随机分成两组,观察组采取麻醉前安置好体位,术后常规低流量给氧6 h及术后第1天低流量吸氧4 h,并予术后肩背部按摩护理方式;对照组采取术中麻醉后摆体位,术后常规低流量给氧6 h。观察术后两组患者发生下肢疼痛、腰骶部酸痛、肩背部酸痛发生情况。 结果 观察组下肢疼痛、肩背部酸痛发生率均低于对照组(Plt;0.05)。 结论 腹腔镜患者采取麻醉前安置体位,术后6 h及术后第1天低流量吸氧4 h,配以肩背部按摩及体位改变的护理方式可降低手术并发症发生率。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:51 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 采取体位引流促进排痰对减轻慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者肺部感染的疗效分析

    目的 探讨体位引流促进排痰在减轻慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)患者肺部感染中的应用。 方法 将2011年5月-2012年10月入重症监护室治疗的58例存在肺部感染的AECOPD患者随机分为对照组和试验组,每组各29例。对照组给予翻身拍背每2小时1次,抗感染治疗,雾化吸入4次/d,并鼓励咳嗽咳痰;试验组在此基础上于雾化吸入结束5 min后,在医生的陪护下对患者采取体位引流治疗及护理,疗程为15 d。分别对两组患者治疗结果进行对比,评价体位引流促进排痰的疗效。 结果 58例患者中,试验组有2例因合并心力衰竭退出试验。试验组患者经过体位引流治疗及护理后,较对照组呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率低,肺功能好转(P<0.05);治疗后两组间感染恢复情况比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 体位引流的合理应用,能减轻AECOPD患者的肺部感染,从而改善患者的临床症状和肺功能,提高患者的生活质量。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:33 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 不予体位限制和沙袋压迫对全麻下行介入术后先心患儿的影响

    目的:旨在探讨不予体位限制和穿刺处沙袋压迫对全麻下行介入术后的先心患儿的影响。方法:将2007 年1 月至 2008 年12 月的50 例全麻下行介入术清醒后送入CCU(冠心病监护病房)先心患儿随机分成2组(即实验组和对照组),两组均用弹力绷带加压包扎穿刺处的前提下,对照组按常规给患儿取平卧位,头偏向一侧,穿刺侧肢体制动,并沙袋压迫穿刺处8~12h,平卧12h或以上;实验组患儿穿刺侧肢体不予制动,穿刺处也不沙袋压迫,患儿可取任意体位(包括由父母抱在怀中休息),观察两组患儿舒适度、穿刺处出血并发症、患儿父母、医护人员等的影响。结果:实验组患儿的舒适度、对患儿父母、医护人员的影响明显优于对照组,而穿刺处出血并发症方面两组无显著差异。 结论:不予体位限制和穿刺处沙袋压迫对全麻下行介入术后先心患儿的影响是增加患儿的舒适度,减少患儿父母的焦虑,减轻医护人员的工作负荷,而穿刺处出血并发症不增加。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:00 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 小儿幕下肿瘤手术体位的摆放及护理

    目的 探讨小儿幕下肿瘤手术体位的摆放及护理方法。 方法 2010年1月-2011年7月对收治的61例行幕下肿瘤手术患儿,根据术前访视体重、体型,自制术中体位摆放用物;并与麻醉医生、巡回护士共同协作使患儿体位摆放至最佳手术状态,同时对患儿的相关部位采取有效的保护性措施。 结果 术前准备时间缩短约30 min,手术体位安全、术野暴露充分,无因手术体位摆放和护理因素而发生并发症。手术时间较过去同等难度手术减少30~60 min,出血量无明显变化,术后恢复良好。 结论 行患儿幕下肿瘤术,根据体重、体型,自制体位摆放用物,并予以精心周全的护理,是确保手术获得成功的重要因素。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:17 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Confidence HIGH VISCOSITY BONE CEMENT SYSTEM AND POSTURAL REDUCTION IN TREATING ACUTE SEVERE OSTEOPOROTIC VERTEBRAL COMPRESSION FRACTURES

    Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of Confidence high viscosity bone cement system and postural reduction in treating acute severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). Methods Between June 2004 and June2009, 34 patients with acute severe OVCF were treated with Confidence high viscosity bone cement system and postural reduction. There were 14 males and 20 females with an average age of 72.6 years (range, 62-88 years). All patients had single thoracolumbar fracture, including 4 cases of T11, 10 of T12, 15 of L1, 4 of L2, and 1 of L3. The bone density measurement showed that T value was less than —2.5. The time from injury to admission was 2-72 hours. All cases were treated with postural reduction preoperatively. The time of reduction in over-extending position was 7-14 days. All patients were injected unilaterally. The injected volume of high viscosity bone cement was 2-6 mL (mean, 3.2 mL). Results Cement leakage was found in 3 cases (8.8%) during operation, including leakage into intervertebral space in 2 cases and into adjacent paravertebral soft tissue in 1 case. No cl inical symptom was observed and no treatment was pearformed. No pulmonary embolism, infection, nerve injury, or other complications occurred in all patients. All patients were followed up 12-38 months (mean, 18.5 months). Postoperatively, complete pain rel ief was achievedin 31 cases and partial pain refief in 3 cases; no re-fracture or loosening at the interface occurred. At 3 days after operation and last follow-up, the anterior and middle vertebral column height, Cobb angle, and visual analogue scale (VAS) score were improved significantly when compared with those before operation (P lt; 0.05);and there was no significant difference between 3 days and last follow-up (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion Confidence high viscosity bone cement system and postural reduction can be employed safely in treating acute severe OVCF, which has many merits of high viscosity, long time for injection, and easy-to-control directionally.

    Release date:2016-08-31 05:42 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • MINIMALLY INVASIVE TREATMENT OF POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT AVULSION FRACTURE IN A FLOPPY LATERAL POSITION

    ObjectiveTo conclude the effectiveness of arthroscopy combined with Burks and SchaVer's approach in the treatment of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures in a floppy lateral position. MethodsBetween May 2010 and March 2014, 21 patients with PCL avulsion fractures were treated. There were 13 males and 8 females, aged 21 to 62 years (mean, 39.1 years). The causes included traffic accident injury in 10 cases, sports injury in 5 cases, and falling injury from height in 6 cases. The time from injury to hospital was 1-6 days (mean, 2.5 days). The results of posterior drawer test were all positive, and the results of anterior drawer test and lateral stress test were all negative. The Lysholm score was 28.0±5.5 before operation. And the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (IKDC) score was 46.2±7.6 before operation. According to Meyer standards for fractures classification, 11 cases were rated as type II and 10 cases as type III. Arthroscopy was used to inspect and treat the intra-articular lesions, then avulsion fracture was fixed by Burks and SchaVer's approach in lateral position. Postoperative functional exercises were performed. ResultsPrimary healing of incision was obtained, without nerve and vascular injury or joint infection. All patients were followed up 18-36 months (mean, 27.2 months). The X-ray films of the knee joint showed good fractures reduction and healing at 3 months after operation. The results of posterior drawer test and reverse Lachman test were negative. The knee range of motion was recovered to normal level. At last follow-up, the Lysholm score of the knee joint was significantly improved to 90.9±1.4 from preoperative one (t=54.584, P=0.000), and the IKDC score was significantly increased to 90.5±5.3 from preoperative one (t=15.638, P=0.000), including 19 cases of grade A and 2 cases of grade B. ConclusionA combination of arthroscopy and Burks and SchaVer's approach for the treatment of PCL avulsion fractures in a floppy lateral position has the advantages of minimal invasion and safe approach, short operative time, and early postoperative rehabilitation exercises, so it can provide satisfactory function recovery of the knee joint.

    Release date:2016-10-02 04:55 Export PDF Favorites Scan
4 pages Previous 1 2 3 4 Next

Format

Content