Objective To compare the effectiveness between the myo-periosteal fibular bone bridging and traditional transtibial amputation in the treatment of amputation below knee so as to provide theoretical basis for choosing transtibial amputation in clinical application. Methods Between November 2001 and November 2011, 38 patients with mangled lower extremity were treated by transtibial amputation. Among 38 patients, 17 (group A) underwent myo-periosteal fibular bone bridging (the operation techniques of an attached peroneal muscle myo-periosteal fibular strut bridge between the end of the tibia and fibula below knee amputation), and other 21 (group B) underwent traditional transtibial amputation. There was no significant difference in age, gender, injury cause, amputation cause, side, and disease duration between 2 groups (P gt; 0.05). The quality of life (QOL) was analyzed using 36-item short form health survey (SF-36), and prosthesis satisfaction by Trinity amputation and prosthesis experience scale (TAPES). Results Healing of incision by first intention was obtained in all patients of 2 groups; no necrosis, infection, or poor stumps was observed. The mean follow-up time was 22 months (range, 14-30 months) in group A, and 26 months (range, 15-30 months) in group B. The patients achieved good healing of bone bridging, no bone nonunion occurred. The healing time was (5.1 ± 1.1) months in group A and (3.3 ± 0.6) months in group B, showing significant difference between 2 groups (t=9.82, P=0.00). Spur occurred at the distal fibula in an 11-year-old boy of group B after 2 years of operation, which blocked use of prosthesis; prosthesis was well used in the other patients. After 12 months of operation, SF-36 score was 55.84 ± 14.01 in group A and 49.93 ± 12.78 in group B, showing significant difference (P lt; 0. 05); the physical functioning, social functioning, role-physical, vitality, body pain, general health scores in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference was found in role-emotional and mental health scores between 2 groups (P gt; 0.05). TAPES score was 12.12 ± 2.23 in group A and 10.10 ± 2.00 in group B, showing significant difference (t=2.891, P=0.006). Conclusion It is a very effective method to treat traumatic amputation using an attached myo-periosteal fibular bone bridging between the end of the tibia and fibula below knee, which can afford better quality of life and prosthesis satisfaction.
Objective To investigate the controlled release effect and the anti-cancer cell ability of a 5-FU loaded poly-L-lactic acid （PLLA） nanofibers membrane blending with keratin. Methods Making PLLA and keratin mix together and crosslinking to generate blending solution. Then the anti-cancer drug 5-FU was added into the solution to fabricate nanofibers membrane by high voltage electrospinning method. The micro morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The controlled release effect of 5-FU from the nanofibers membrane was measured by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The cytotoxicity of 5-FU/PLLA keratin nanofibers membrane was evaluated by using 3-（4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay on HCT116 cell lines. At the meantime, cell growth morphology of HCT116 in experiment group were observed by microscope and transmission electron microscope. Results 5-FU could be dispersed homogeneous in the PLLA/keratin nanofibers membrane through SEM. HPLC suggested that 5-FU could be diffused out from the fibers slowly and uniformly, which corresponded the zero order kinetics basically. After different treatment, the longer time the 5-FU/PLLA keratin nanofibers （experiment group） immerse in the medium, the much more swelling, apoptosis, and necrocytosis of the cells were observed. The cell viability for experiment group was （47.5±2.8）% by MTT, while the PLLA keratin nanofibers without 5-FU had no significant impact on cell viability （93.9±2.8）%, which was statistic significance （P＜0.01）. Conclusion 5-FU/PLLA keratin nanofibers membrane owns good controlled release effect and satisfies cell inhibitory effect against HCT116 cells in vitro，which suggested that it has a promising prospect for clinical therapy.
ObjectiveTo explore the pathological role of high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB1) in osteoarthritis (OA) by comparing the difference of HMGB1 in the synoviocytes between OA and normal knees. MethodsSynoviocyte lines from OA and normal knees were collected and cultured. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were applied to identify the difference of HMGB1 between the OA and normal synoviocyte lines. The eukaryotic expression vector containing human Pgenesil-1/HMGB1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were constructed and identified. The synoviocyte lines were transfected with the eukaryotic expression vector of Pgenesil-1/HMGB1 siRNA (Pgenesil-1/HMGB1 siRNA group) and with Pgenesil-1 plasmid (Pgenesil-1 group) and were not transfected as a control (untransfected group). Western blot was applied to identify the difference of HMGB1 among groups, and the levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) protein synthesis in the supernatants were measured by ELISA. ResultsPrimary knee synoviocytes cultured in vitro were fibroblast-like cells with longspindle shape. The immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence results showed positive staining for HMGB1 in cytoplasm and weak positive staining in the nucleus in the OA synoviocyte line, but positive staining for HMGB1 in the nucleus and weak positive staining in the cytoplasm in the synoviocyte line of normal knee. The level of HMGB1 in the OA synoviocytes (0.687±0.025) was significantly higher than that of normal synoviocytes (0.172±0.030) (t=32.159, P=0.000) by Western blot. The recombinant plasmid Pgenesil-1/HMGB1 siRNA was successfully constructed. The expression of HMGB1 protein in Pgenesil-1/HMGB1 siRNA group (0.134±0.048) was significantly lower than that of Pgenesil-1 group (0.581±0.032) and untransfected group (0.514±0.069) (P<0.05). ELISA results showed that IL-1β and TNF-α in supernatants of Pgenesil-1/HMGB1 siRNA group were significantly lower than those of Pgenesil-1 group and untransfected group (P<0.05). ConclusionThe up-regulated expression and expressed location (from nucleus to cytoplasm) of HMGB1 in the synoviocyte are closely related to OA. The siRNA targeting inhibition of HMGB1 gene expression can obviously inhibit IL-1β and TNF-α in supernatants of the OA synoviocyte line and delayed the inflammation of OA.