【摘要】 目的 建立兔耳中期瘢痕动物模型，寻找兔耳瘢痕形成的最佳位点。 方法 选用日本大耳白兔20只，在兔耳腹侧选定6个位点，作直径1 cm直达软骨表面的皮肤全层及软组织缺损240个。创面暴露，于伤后7 d去除软骨上面的肉芽及血浆痂壳一次。术后连续3个月观察创面自然愈合及瘢痕增生情况;用HE及苦味酸-天狼星红染色观察瘢痕形成及胶原分布情况;用计算机图像分析系统测定胶原含量。 结果 兔耳腹侧可制作类似人的增生性瘢痕模型，瘢痕的发生率42.5%~56.7%，瘢痕增生的高峰在造创后30~50 d。不同位点瘢痕增生程度不同，胶原含量也不同。 结论 兔耳腹侧可建立中期瘢痕动物模型，兔耳腹侧的中分和耳尖外侧部分是制作兔耳增生性瘢痕的理想位点。【Abstract】 Objective To establish an animal model of intermediate stage hypertrophic scar on the rabbit ears and to find out the best sites of scar formation. Methods A total of 240 full-thickness skin and tissue defect directing access to the cartilage surface was created on the ventral side in 20 Japan white rabbits and each ear contain 6 defect sites.The wound was treated by exposure method.On the 7th day after operation, the granulation tissue and plasma shell were removed on the cartilage.Wound healing and scar proliferation under natural condition were observed continuously for 3 months.The scar formation and collagen distribution were observed by HE and Sirius red staining, and the collagen content was analyzed by using computer image analysis system. Results The ventral wound of rabbit’s ears produced hypertrophic scar similar to human hypertrophic scar, the incidence of scar was between 42.5% to 56.7%.The peak of scar proliferation was in 30 days to 50 days after operation.The degree of scar proliferation and collagen content varied at different sites. Conclusion The ventral wound of rabbit’s ears can produce intermediate stage hypertrophic scar model, the middle sites and the lateral ear tip are ideal site for madding animal model of hypertrophic scar on the rabbit ears.