目的 研究胰腺-胃吻合术在胰十二指肠切除术消化道重建中的合理性。方法 对2002年3月至2004年10月期间实施胰十二指肠切除和胰腺-胃吻合术重建消化道的24例壶腹周围癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 所有患者均顺利完成胰腺-胃吻合手术，胰瘘的发生率为8.3%（2/24），通过保守治疗均痊愈。结论 胰腺-胃吻合术是胰十二指肠切除术后一种安全的消化道重建方法。
To distinguish the randomness and chaos characteristics of physiological signals and to keep its performance independent of the signal length and parameters are the key judgement of performance of a complexity algorithm. We proposed an encoding Lempel-Ziv (LZ) complexity algorithm to try to explicitly discern between the randomness and chaos characteristics of signals. Our study also compared the effects of length of time series, the sensitivity to dynamical properties change of time series and quantifying the complexity between gauss noise and 1/f pink noise ELZ with those from classic LZ (CLZ), multi-state LZ (MLZ), sample entropy (SampEn) and permutation entropy (PE). The experimental results showed ELZ could not only distinguish the randomness and chaos characteristics of time series on all time length (i.e. 100, 500, 5 000), but also reflected exactly that the complexity of gauss noise was lower than that of pink noise, and responded change of dynamic characteristics of time series in time. The congestive heart failure (CHF) RR Interval database and the normal sinus rhythm (NSR) RR Interval database created by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Boston Beth Israel Hospital(BIH)were used as real data in our study. The results revealed that the ELZ could show the complexity of congestive heart failure which was lower than that of normal sinus rhythm during all lengths of time series (P<0.01), and the ELZ algorithm had better generalization ability and was independent of length of time series.
Through magnetic resonance electrical properties tomography (MR-EPT), electrical conductivity and permittivity of biological tissues could be reconstructed based on radio frequency field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. High precision and high resolution image could be obtained without current injection. In this study, XFDTD software was used to establish a finite element model of the human breast. Simulation was delivered at the Larmor frequency of 128 MHz by a 16-channel radio frequency coil. Conductivity and permittivity of the mammary tissue was reconstructed according to the B1+ field's amplitude and phase of forward problem. Anti-noise performance of the algorithm was studied by adding noise to B1+ field. The conductivity and permittivity's average relative error between simulation results and dielectric constant was 4.71% and 11.32%, respectively. With a signal-to-noise ratio of >30 dB, the noise added would not affect imaging results. This study demonstrated that high precision and high resolution image could be obtained by MR-EPT without excitation. MR-EPT had excellent feasibility and developing potential in early detection of diseases.
Objective To observe the dynamic expression of nestin and glial fibrilary acidic protein (GFAP) in the development of retina in rats.Methods In 48 Wistar rats, 24 were divided into 8 groups with 3 rats in each according to their age (1 day, 1 week, and 2, 3, 4, 7, 12, and 20 weeks old). The sagittal freezing sections of the eye were made; nestin/glutamine synthetase (GS) and GFAP/GS were stained by immunofluorescence and were observed under the confocal microscope. Total RNA was extracted from 18 rats which were divided into 6 groups according to the age (1 day, 1 week, and 2, 3, 4, and 12 weeks old) with 3 rats in each. The expression of nestin, GAFA and GS mRNA were detected by realtime quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Müller cells were cultured from postnatal day 7-12 rats; the expression of nestin and GFAP was detected by immunostaining study. Double immunofluorescence was carried out between nestin/GS and GFAP/GS.Results One day after the birth, nestin positive cells were found in the whole retinal neuroblast layers with elongated retinal progenitor cells; the GFAP positive astrocytes were observed in the inner retina. One week after the birth, Müller glial cells expressed GS and nestin but not GFAP; GFAP positive cells localized in the inner retina.Two to 12 weeks after the birth, the expression of nestin in Müller cells decreased and even disappeared; the expression of GFAP in astrocytes didn't change much. The Müller cells expressed nestin but no GFAP in vitro. The expression of nestin and GFAP mRNA in retina was accordant with the results of immunofluorescence staining.Conclusion In the developing retina, the expression of nestin in Müller cells decreases gradually, and no expression of nestin can be found in adult rats; the expression of GFAP can't be observed in Müller cells in neonatal and adult rats.
Objective To systematically evaluate the value of CXC chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9) in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Methods Literature on the diagnosis of tuberculosis by plasma CXCL9 were collected by searching PubMed, EBSCO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang databases form establishment to September 2022, and then literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two researchers. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 15 softwares. Results According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles were selected, including 1586 participants from 5 countries and regions. Meta-analysis results showed that the positive rate of CXCL9 was higher in active tuberculosis patients than that in healthy people and latent tuberculosis patients [active tuberculosis patients vs. healthy people: odds ratio (OR)=21.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) (6.52, 72.16), P<0.00001; active tuberculosis patients vs. latent tuberculosis patients: OR=10.12, 95%CI (3.83, 26.76), P<0.00001]. The sensitivity and specificity of plasma CXCL9 in distinguishing active tuberculosis patients from healthy people were 0.84 [95%CI (0.77, 0.90)] and 0.82 [95%CI (0.63, 0.92)], respectively; the sensitivity and specificity of plasma CXCL9 in distinguishing active tuberculosis patients from latent tuberculosis patients were 0.77 [95%CI (0.56, 0.90)] and 0.72 [95%CI (0.40, 0.91)], respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the infection status of human immunodeficiency virus had some impact on heterogeneity, while other factors had limited impact on heterogeneity. Egger test showed that there was no publication bias (active tuberculosis patients vs. healthy people: P=0.976; active tuberculosis patients vs. latent tuberculosis patients: P=0.606). Conclusion CXCL9 has a high diagnostic value for tuberculosis patients and may be used as a new biomarker to diagnose tuberculosis.