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find Keyword "医务人员" 33 results
  • 医院职业暴露分析及预防

    目的 总结医院职业暴露情况并探讨相应的防护对策。 方法 对2009年1月-2011年12月我院职业暴露情况进行调查,分析了解医护人员职业暴露的特点及危险因素。 结果 护士是医院发生职业暴露最多的人群,占52.3%,其次是医生、实习生,分别占21.6%和20.5%;暴露源以各种针刺伤为主(79.5%),其次是手术器械损伤(12.5%);不同科室发生职业暴露的频次不同,发生率由高到低分别是:监护室(20.5%)、急诊科(13.6%)、消化内科(11.5%)、神经外科(6.8%)、手术室(5.7%)等;42.1%的职业暴露由接触过明确病原体患者的针头器械导致,源患者携带血源性传播疾病病原体比率较高,其中乙型肝炎占27.3%。 结论 医务人员面临职业暴露危险,各方应当采取对策, 加强医务人员的职业暴露防护意识及规范操作行为。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:34 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 基层医院感染控制活动周的探讨

    目的增强医务人员对医院感染控制的认识,进一步宣传医院感染预防控制知识,并将感染控制技能深入临床实践工作中。 方法2013年4月策划了以手卫生、职业防护、医疗垃圾处理、正确送检和合理用药为主要内容的“全院协作、共控院感”的医院感染控制活动周(院感周)活动。活动通过舞蹈、讲座、知识竞赛以及有奖知识问答等多种形式开展。活动后下发585份调查问卷,回收有效问卷555份,并利用世界卫生组织制定的手卫生观察表连续4个月对临床科室进行手卫生观察,以此追踪活动的效果评价。 结果555份问卷显示,527人(94.95%)认为此次院感周活动有意义,554人(99.83%)正确掌握七步洗手法,550人(99.13%)真正理解洗手时机,483人(87.11%)知晓医疗垃圾分类知识,423人(76.20%)掌握职业暴露的正确处理流程;每月观察全院医务人员手卫生340个时机,依从性从3月份的52.94%上升到6月份的75.88%,正确率从65.55%上升到87.21%。 结论开展院感周活动后,医务人员从感控零意识得到有效提升,为医院感染控制工作打下了坚实的基础。

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  • 不同层次医务人员对专项手术技能培训内容重要性的认同分析

    目的 了解国内专科医师对专项手术技能培训重要性的认识,确定专项技能培训效果,为后期课程培训设置提供参考依据。 方法 2010年3月-2012年8月,采用问卷调查方法对825名受训学员进行问卷调查,收集学员对培训内容重要性的认识,包括对专题讲座、病例讨论、假骨操作演示与练习、专项手术操作演示讲解、专项手术操作练习5个维度。 结果 受训学员对专项手术技能培训课程的内容重要性认识各维度得分均>2.90分,不同职称、学历、医院级别、独立主刀开展专项手术年限、年手术量对专项手术技能培训内容的重要性认识程度存在一定的差异(P<0.05)。 结论 学员高度认可专项手术技能培训的内容,认为专项技能培训对临床工作十分重要,满足了医务人员专项手术技能培训需求。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:38 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Investigation of Sharp Instrument Injury in Occupational Exposure in Hospital Medical Staff in Liangshan First People’s Hospital

    目的 探讨凉山州第一人民医院医务人员锐器伤职业暴露的危险因素及应对措施。 方法 对医务人员在2011年8月1日-31日期间里的锐器伤发生情况进行问卷式和面对面提问式相结合的方式进行调查,共调查医务人员1 112名,包括医生288名,护士589名,医技人员180名,其他55名;采用《医务人员锐器伤调查问卷》进行筛查,筛查后与发生锐器伤的人员面对面交谈,并填写《医务人员锐器伤危险因素调查表》。用医务人员职业暴露监测系统(EPINeT)进行统计分析。 结果 发生锐器伤45例,发生率为4.05%,护士发生锐器伤的比例较高,达到了5.3%,医生为4.5%,医技人员较低为0.56%,其他人员发生锐器伤的可能性较小,经四格表的χ2检验,医生与护士锐器伤的发生率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.010,P>0.05)。锐器伤发生的主要时机以抽血(占16%)、拔出动静脉针(占14%)、双手回套针帽(占14%)、手术缝针(占12%)以及将针头放入锐器盒(占10%)为主;发生的场所以普通病房(占60%)和手术室(占22%)为主;锐器伤发生的器械以一次性注射器(占32%)、静脉留置针(占18%)、真空采血针(占16%)和手术缝针(占14%)为主。 结论 医生和护士是锐器伤发生的高危人群,应采取一系列措施降低其发生职业暴露的风险,包括增加医护人员数量、加强职业培训、禁止双手回套针帽、采用安全留置针和使用皮肤粘合剂以及采用腹腔镜、阴道镜进行手术等措施,尽量降低医护人员的职业暴露风险。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:18 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The effect of setting sleep center on understanding obstructive sleep apnea

    ObjectiveTo investigate the knowledge and attitude of medical professionals in various regions of China on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to find out the influence of sleep center setting on the above results.MethodsA self-designed questionnaire based on OSAKA questionnaire was designed. A total of 630 medical staff were investigated in 7 hospitals at different levels in various regions in China. The subjects were divided into two groups according to whether they had sleep center (including sleep monitoring room) or not. Survey data were analyzed.ResultsA total of 630 questionnaires were sent out, and 590 valid questionnaires were received, and the effective response rate was 93.65%. About half of those surveyed had sleep centers in the hospitals where they worked. There was no significant difference in three attitude problems and the choice of continuous positive airway pressure and surgical treatment between the two groups (all P>0.05). Subjects whose hospital had no sleep center were more prone to select weight loss (estimated parameters=0.513, P=0.046), no smoking and wine (estimated parameter=0.472, P=0.040), avoidance of overwork (estimated parameter=0.933, P=0.000), and drug (estimated parameter=0.802, P=0.000). The average correct rate of OSA knowledge was 45.59%±20.68%. Among them, the correct rate of response to treatment measures was the highest, and the correct rate of other knowledge points was poor. The average correct rate of total accuracy, symptoms and target organ damage in subjects whose hospital had sleep center was higher than that in subjects whose hospital had no sleep center, and there were significant differences (P=0.001, P=0.012, P=0.000). There was a positive correlation between the knowledge of OSA and their attitude towards OSA, treatment and further understanding of the knowledge (r=0.247, P=0.000).ConclusionIt is necessary to strengthen propaganda and education of OSA, and the establishment of sleep center is helpful for medical personnel to know more about OSA and to develop sleep medicine.

    Release date:2019-09-25 09:48 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules and Its Influencing Factors among Medical Staff of a Hospital in Hengshui

    ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules and its influencing factors among medical staff of a hospital in Hengshui. MethodsA total of 2 190 medical workers in a hospital in Hengshui who underwent physical examinations in the Medical Examination Center of Harrison International Peace Hospital from January 2012 to July 2013 were included as the study subjects. Through physical examination, thyroid ultrasonography and questionnaire, we collected data and investigated the prevalence of thyroid nodules and its influencing factors. ResultsThe prevalence rate of thyroid nodules was 39.45% (864/2 190) in these medical staff. The prevalence rates of thyroid nodules in males and females were 32.34% (238/736) and 42.92% (624/1 454), respectively, with statistically significant difference between them (χ2=22.913, P<0.001). With increasing age, the prevalence of thyroid nodules increased gradually, and the prevalence of the same sex increased gradually too (P<0.001). The prevalence rate of women was significantly higher than that of men for each age group (P<0.05). Among the 864 subjects, there were 550 (63.66%) with multiple nodules and 314 (36.34%) with solitary nodules; there were 454 (52.55%) with nodules in both lobes of thyroid, 238 (27.54%) with nodules in the right lobe of thyroid, and 172 (19.91%) with nodules in the left lobe of thyroid; there were 504 (58.33%) with solid modules, 172 (19.91%) with cystic nodules, 114 (13.19%) with solid and cystic nodules, and 74 (8.56%) with calcification. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, educational degree, drinking history, taste habit, stress, agitation were correlated with the development of thyroid nodules. ConclusionThe prevalence of thyroid nodules is high among medical staff of this hospital. Thyroid nodules can be prevented through healthy lifestyle, limiting alcohol intake, emotional control, and relieving stress. Early diagnosis and early treatment should be done to prevent the development and spread of thyroid nodules.

    Release date:2016-11-23 05:46 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Investigation of the status and intention of the use of personal protective equipment by different personnel in isolation wards during coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic

    Objective To understand the current situation of the use and cognition of personal protective equipment (PPE) by healthcare workers in the isolation wards (rooms) during the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, and provide data support for the country to further optimize the configuration of PPE and carry out more targeted training and supervision. Methods In March 2020, healthcare workers in isolation wards (rooms) in provinces and cities in the country were investigated by filling in a questionnaire about the use of different levels of PPE. Results A total of 6 859 questionnaires were collected from 29 provinces and cities, containing 5 935 valid questionnaires (86.53%). Among them, there were 448 assisting-Hubei medical team members and 5 487 non-assisting-Hubei healthcare workers. The actual use rate (74.22%) and intended use rate (73.14%) of surgical masks in the cleaning areas were the highest. The actual use rate and intended use rate of working caps in potentially contaminated areas and contaminated areas were higher than 90%. There were various combinations of protective articles, and there were significant differences between actual use and intention (P<0.05). Except for the boot covers (single layer) in the cleaning areas, the working caps, isolation clothing and boot covers (double layer) in the potential pollution areas, and the protective face screens, working caps, three-layer shoe covers and single/double/three-layer boot covers in the pollution areas-splashing operations (P>0.05), the actual utilization rates of protective articles of the assisting-Hubei medical team members were generally higher than those of the non-assisting-Hubei healthcare workers (P<0.05). Conclusions The instructions for the use of PPE in different areas and operations should be further refined, and standardized training should be increased. The phenomenon of non-standard use of protective equipment should be reduced, and a safety barrier should be provided to the healthcare workers.

    Release date:2021-12-28 01:17 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • JCI医院评审标准在改进医务人员沟通中的应用

    【摘要】 介绍JCI医院评审标准对医务人员之间的沟通要求及应用方法,总结其在产科中的实践经验,JCI医院评审标准能降低或避免医务人员之间因沟通障碍造成的医疗纠纷及医疗缺陷,为有效改进医务人员之间的沟通效果提供实践方法。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:52 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 远程会诊模式应用于养老院治疗下肢静脉性溃疡患者的疗效观察

    目的探讨远程会诊模式应用于养老院治疗下肢静脉性溃疡患者的疗效。 方法选择2015年1月-6月社区养老院内的40例已确诊的下肢静脉性溃疡患者,随机分为对照组和研究组,每组20例。对照组由养老院的医生给予下肢静脉性溃疡治疗;研究组由三级医院伤口治疗中心的医务人员通过远程会诊模式,指导养老院的医务人员进行下肢静脉性溃疡治疗。治疗3个月后对患者进行疗效观察。 结果对照组无效12例,有效7例,显效1例,无治愈患者,总有效率为40%;研究组无效1例,有效12例,显效7例,治愈2例,总有效率为95%。两组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.789,P<0.001)。 结论远程会诊模式应用于养老院治疗下肢静脉溃疡的疗效显著。

    Release date:2016-10-02 04:54 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 肾脏内科医务人员血源性职业暴露原因分析与对策

    目的探讨肾脏内科医务人员血源性职业暴露的致伤原因及风险因素,提出防护对策和暴露发生后的处理措施,以降低事故发生率。 方法统计分析2011年1月-2012年12月发生的25例血源性职业暴露的人员分布、暴露途径、暴露源的分类、暴露后的处理措施及预后。提出预防职业暴露的对策。 结果25例血源性职业暴露事件,人员以护士为主;暴露的途径以针刺伤、锐器伤为主;乙型肝炎病毒携带者是最主要的暴露源。暴露后处理措施以挤压、冲洗和消毒伤口为主。 结论在日常工作当中,锐器伤是最常见的职业损伤,适当的防护措施和暴露发生后及时的处理措施能有效预防和降低医务人员的职业暴露和暴露后感染的危险。

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