west china medical publishers
Author
  • Title
  • Author
  • Keyword
  • Abstract
Advance search
Advance search

Search

find Author "卢一平" 13 results
  • 双侧腹股沟斜疝合并左侧阴囊及腹股沟区寄生虫病一例

    Release date:2021-06-23 07:35 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 窄波成像在膀胱癌早期诊断中的应用进展

    膀胱癌是泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤、具有多发、易复发、复发后恶性程度提高等特点。虽然膀胱镜检查仍然是早期诊断膀胱癌的主要手段,但是目前常用的普通膀胱镜不易发现膀胱黏膜的细微病变,可能导致漏诊或手术治疗不彻底。窄波成像(NBI)是21世纪初新研发的全新诊断技术,其能够显著增强膀胱镜检查的对比度和清晰度,能够更加清楚地显示黏膜表层的毛细血管和腺管开口,不仅可以提高膀胱癌的早期诊断水平,还可以有效地为经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术手术提供指导。尽管对NBI应用的远期效果以及能否减少膀胱癌患者术后膀胱灌注和膀胱镜检查的次数还有待进一步研究和观察,但是NBI技术所具有的独特优势为膀胱癌的早期诊断和治疗提供了新的契机。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:12 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 肾癌基因治疗研究进展

    【摘要】 肾癌是泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,近年来有不断上升的趋势。将近一半的肾癌患者首次就诊时已属晚期或有远处转移,约50%的患者术后复发或转移。肾癌的治疗目前仍以手术为主,放射治疗及化学疗法效果均不佳,生物治疗逐渐展露优势,其中,随着新的肾癌相关基因的发现,基因治疗已成为近年来肾癌研究的热点。应用于肾癌的基因治疗方法目前有干扰增殖基因表达、修复抑癌基因、控制凋亡调控基因的表达、转基因免疫产物抑癌疗法、自杀基因疗法及基因治疗联合化学疗法等等。这些方法虽然目前发展不甚成熟,但却为肾癌生物治疗提供了新的契机。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:24 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 经导管动脉栓塞治疗良性前列腺增生的研究进展

    良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)是困扰老年男性的常见疾病之一,目前其治疗主要靠药物治疗、手术治疗。虽然目前经尿道前列腺电切术仍是治疗 BPH 公认的金标准,但对高龄、体弱、伴发其他内科疾病者仍有一定的局限性。因此,对年龄较大且伴发合并症不适宜手术的 BPH 患者,选择一种效果好、并发症少的微创疗法尤其重要。目前认为 BPH 与前列腺上皮和间质细胞增殖、上皮细胞凋亡率下降以及新生血管形成有关。发生 BPH 时前列腺细胞增殖和血供丰富,而任何组织和器官若无血供或血供不足则会发生坏死和萎缩。据此,已有文献报道采用放射介入法栓塞前列腺动脉,人为阻断前列腺的部分血供,使增生前列腺的体积萎缩,减少对尿道的压迫性阻塞,从而可达到治疗目的。现有研究显示,该方法具有创伤小、并发症较少的特点,不失为一种治疗 BPH 可选择的方法。该文就其治疗 BPH 的研究进展进行了综述。

    Release date:2017-02-22 03:47 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Carnitine in the Treatment of Idiopathic Asthenozoospermia: A Systematic Review

    Objectives To assess the effectiveness and safety of carnitine in the treatment of idiopathic asthenozoospermia. Methods The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMbase, and CNKI were searched between Jan 1995 and Dec 2006. Both English and Chinese studies were included in the review if they were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving men with idopathic asthenozoospermia who were treated with carnitine. Trial screening, data extraction, and quality assessment of included trials were conducted by method recommended by Cochrane Collaboration. Statistical analysis was conducted using RevMan 4.2.10 software. Results Five RCTs involving 346 patients met the inclusion criteria, and 307 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that: after being treated with carnitine for 3 and 6 months, the difference of the patients’ partners’ spontaneous pregnancy rate between treatment group and control group was statistically significant with RR2.46 and 95% CI1.12 to 5.43 (Z=2.23, P=0.03). After being treated with carnitine for 3 and 6 months, the difference of forward motile sperm per ejaculate between treatment group and control group was not statistically significant with WMD 9.16 and 95%CI 0.14 to 18.18 (Z=1.99, P=0.05) and WMD 5.28 and 95%CI –4.45 to 15.01 (Z=1.06, P=0.29). After being treated with carnitine for 3 and 6 months, the difference of percentage of forward sperm motility between treatment group and control group was not statistically significant with WMD 14.56 and 95%CI –4.49 to 33.61( Z=1.50 ,P=0.13), and WMD 7.34 and 95%CI –5.93 to 20.61 (Z=1.08, P=0.28). After being treated with carnitine for 3 and 6 months, the difference of total motile sperm per ejaculate between treatment group and control group was not statistically significant with WMD 15.32 and 95%CI –1.34 to 31.98 (Z=1.80, P=0.07) and WMD 6.20, 95%CI –3.00 to 15.39 (Z=1.32, P=0.19).After being treated with carnitine for 3 and 6 months, the difference of percentage of total sperm motility between treatment group and control group was not statistically significant with WMD 2.97 and 95%CI –5.75 to 11.69 (Z=0.67, P=0.50) and WMD 4.48 and 95%CI-9.17 to18.14 (Z=0.64, P=0.52). After being treated with carnitine for 3 and 6 months, the difference of semen volume between treatment group and control group was not statistically significant with WMD –0.12 and 95%CI –0.55 to 0.30 (Z=0.57, P=0.57) and WMD 0.03 and 95%CI –0.38 to 0.45 (Z=0.16, P=0.87). After being treated with carnitine for 3 and 6 months, the difference of sperm concentration between treatment group and control group was not statistically significant with WMD 7.92 and 95%CI – 2.85 to18.68 (Z=1.44, P=0.15), and WMD 1.02 and 95%CI –5.09 to 7.14 (Z=0.33, P=0.74). Three RCTs reported that there were no serious side effects of carnitine during the treatment period. Conclusions The available evidence indicates that spontaneous pregnancy rate would increase with carnitine therapy, while it is short of improvement of semen parameters. There is no serious side effect of carnitine. Because of lack of evidence, we cannot conclude that carnitine is effective in improving the prognosis of infertile patients with idiopathic asthenozoospermia. More high quality trials with large sample are proposed.

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Differentiation between Chromophobe Cell Renal Carcinoma and Oncocytoma

    ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features, differential diagnosis and treatment for chromophobe cell renal carcinoma (CRCC) and renal oncocytoma. MethodsFrom December 2009 to May 2013, we selected 41 cases of CRCC and 22 cases of renal oncocytoma, retrospectively analyzed their clinical features, ultrasonography and CT findings and performed immunohistochemical staining for CK7, CD10, PAX-2, and Ksp-cadherin. ResultsCRCC could be associated with lower back pain or hematuria, and renal oncocytoma generally did not have clinical symptoms. Ultrasonography and CT examination were not specific for the differentiation between the two diseases. The expression rates of CK7, CD10, PAX-2, and Ksp-cadherin in CRCC were 66% (21/32), 22% (7/32), 23% (3/13) and 93% (14/15), respectively. In patients with oncocytoma, 7% (1/15) were positive for CK7, 7% (1/15) were positive for CD10, 86% (13/15) were positive for PAX-2, and 31% (4/13) were positive for Ksp-cadherin. Pearson chi-square analysis was performed with a significant P value set at <0.05. The results of CK7(-)CD10(-)PAX-2(+) and CK7(-)CD10(-)Ksp-cadherin(-) immunohistochemistry were integrated, which also showed the differences. ConclusionThe combination of CK7(-)CD10(-)PAX-2(+) and CK7(-)CD10(-)Ksp-cadherin(-) immunohistochemistry may be useful for differentiating between CRCC and oncocytoma. Combined with imaging examination, it can further improve the differential diagnosis of the two diseases.

    Release date: Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE ARTERIES IN RENAL TRANSPLANTATION FROM LIVING RELATED DONORS

    To discuss renovascular reconstruction during l iving related donor kidney transplantation (LDKT). Methods Seventy-seven cases of LDKT from April 2006 to March 2008 were retrospectively analyzed, including 63 cases in single renal artery group and 14 cases in multi ple artery group. In multi ple artery group, there were 3 cases of three arteries and 11 cases of double arteries; 9 cases of donated left kidneys and 5 cases of donated right kidneys. Potential donors underwent fully medical evaluation before operation, including donor-reci pient human leucocyte antigen matchingand a cross match test. The donor’s operation of the incision either underneath the 12th rib approaching the dorsal lumbar was performed and the transplantation operation adopted the extraperitoneal approach in the contralateral fossa il iac. The arteries in the multiple artery group were implanted onto the external (or common) il iac artery different from the orthodox method. Results In multiple artery group, no blood transfusion during operation was performed, no compl ication occurred after operation and all donors were discharged after 7-9 days of postoperation. After a follow-up of 3 months to 1 year, all the recipients kept normal kidney function without renal tubule necrosis, renal artery embol ism, vascular stenosis, urinary fistula and ureter necrosis. The ultrasound examination showed that the transplanted kidney had good blood supply. There was no significant difference in the time of urine secretion, serum creatinine level after 1 week of operation, length of hospital ization between the multiple artery group and the single artery group (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion The accurate treatment of multiple artery anastomosis are critical for the safety of the LDKT.

    Release date:2016-09-01 09:12 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Systematic Review of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Postoperative Bacteriuria in Men Undergoing TURP

    Objective To determine whether antibiotic prophylaxis can reduce the risk of postoperative bacteriuria in men undergoing transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) who have sterile preoperative urine. Method MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library were searched for RCTs comparing antibiotic prophylaxis and placebo/blank controls for men undergoing TURP with preoperative sterile urine. The search strategy was established according to the Cochrane Prostatic Diseases and Urologic Cancers Group search strategy. Data was extracted by two reviewers using the designed extraction form. RevMan were used for data management and analysis. Results Fifty three relevant trials were searched, of which 27 trials were included and 26 were excluded. Antibiotic prophylaxis significantly decreased the rate of post-TURP bacteriuria.The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval were 0.36 (0.28, 0.46). Conclusions Prophylactic antibiotics could significantly decrease the incidence of post-TURP bacteriuria. Further comparative RCTs and cost-effective should be performed analysis to establish the optimal antibiotic regimes for the benefit of patients undergoing TURP.

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:27 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Retrospective Analysis of Nephrectomy Cases during the Past 47 Years in West China Hospital of Sichuan University

    【摘要】 目的 了解行肾切除手术疾病谱、疾病的临床表现及诊治方法的演变,探讨避免肾脏切除保留肾单位的术式,以期提高对肾脏疾病的诊治水平。 方法 回顾性分析泌尿外科1955年1月-2001年12月收治入院22 603例患者的临床资料,对其中行肾切除手术的1 952例进行分析。根据肾切除手术病因,将疾病分为3类:肾肿瘤、肾结核、其他疾病。将47年分为5个时段:50、60、70、80、90年代。应用平均值、构成比、中位数、率等对各项指标进行统计学分析。 结果 5个时段年平均入院人数与年均切肾率呈上升趋势。疾病谱构成中肾肿瘤共计663例,占33.97%;肾结核共计599例,占30.69%;其他疾病共计690例,占35.35%。肾肿瘤与其他疾病的例数及构成比分别随着年代的推进不断增加。而肾结核则未显示出该特点。各年代3类疾病发病年龄(中位数)在肾肿瘤、肾结核与其他疾病亦沉陷;体检发现疾病自70年代分别为1.10%、5.10%、8.80%。 结论 90年代后,肾切除手术的术式更加标准和成熟,保留肾单位的肾脏手术正在受到临床的重视和推广。【Abstract】 Objective To study the spectrum of diseases subjected to nephrectomy, to find out the clinical manifestations of the diseases, to summarize the evolvement of operational technology of kindney removal, to discuss the method of nephron sparing surgery in the purpose of avoiding nephrectmoy and reducing the operational risk, and to promote the level of diagnosing and treating nephropathy. Methods There were 1 952 cases of nephrectomy selected in the total 22 603 cases treated in the Department of Urology from January 1955 to December 2001. According to the diseases subjected to the surgery, these 1 952 cases were assigned into 3 groups: renal tumor group, renal tuberculosis group and other diseases group. The 47 years from 1955 to 2001 were divided into 5 periods: the 1950s (1955-1960), 60s (1961-1970), 70s (1971-1980), 80s (1981-1990) and 90s (1991-2001). Indexes such as average, proportion, median, and ratio were analyzed statistically. Results From the 1950s to 1990s, the number of patients undergoing nephrectomy increased from period to period. Among the diseases causing the surgery, the number of renal tumor cases was 663 (33.97%), the number of renal tuberculosis cases was 599 (30.69%), and the number of other disease cases was 690 (35.35%). The number and proportion of renal tumor and other disease cases increased from year to year, while the nuber of renal tuberculosis cases did not show this feature. The median age of patients treated with nephrectomy increased year by year, and the patient’s age of renal tumor was older than that of renal tuberculosis and other diseases. The proportion of patients whose diseases were found out by physical examination since the 1970s was respectively 1.10%, 5.10% and 8.80%. Conclusion Since the 1990s, the technology of nephrectomy has become maturer and more standardized, and nephron sparing surgery has caught more attention and has been applied more in clinics.

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:26 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Effectiveness and Safety of Rapamycin-based Immunosuppression Regimen With Or Without CsA in Renal Transplantation:A Systematic Review

    Objective To evaluate the short and long term effectiveness and safety of rapamycin-based immunosuppression regimes with CsA preserving versus CsA withdrawal. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and CNKI from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 2005. We identified randomized controlled trials of rapamycin-hased immunosuppression regimes with CsA preserving versus CsA withdrawal for renal transplantation patients. The quality of included trials was evaluated by two reviewers. Meta-analysis was conducted on homogeneous studies. Results Ten studies (1 121 patients) undergoing renal transplantation were included. All included studies were graded in term of randomization, allocation concealment and bhnding. Six studies were graded A and the other 4 were graded B. Meta-analysis results showed CsA withdrawal in sirolimus-based therapy in renal transplantation patients survival rate OR.(95% CI ) values were 0,77(0.17, 3.52), 1.24(0.48, 3.16), 1.32(0.57, 3.08), 1.21(0.60, 2.41) at the end of 6, 12, 24, 36 months respectively; renal allografts survival rate OR. (95% CI) values were 1.79 (0.63, 5.06), 1.15 ( 0.56, 2.36) , 1.39 (0.68, 2.85), 1.80(0.99, 3.29), 2. 13(1.16, 3.89), 2.01(1.15, 3.51) at the end of 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 54 months respectively; and acute rejection OP,(95% CI) values were 0.92(0.48, 1.78), 1.90(1.25, 2.89), 2. 01 (0.94,4.27), 1.93(0.93, 4.00), 1.52(0.77, 3.02) at the end of6, 12, 24, 36, 48 months respectively. Conclusions Available evidence shows that compared with CsA preserving, CsA withdrawal in rapamycin-based immunosuppression regimes can lead to higher incidence rates of acute rejection at the end of one year while there is no statistical difference to survival rate of patients/renal allograft in cases with stabilized renal function post-transplantation. And CsA withdrawal is of benefit to allografts for long term survival rate and is helpful to recovery of renal function. Owing to high possibility of selection bias and measurement bias in included studies, there must be a negative impact on evidence intensity of our results. We expect best evidence from with high quality double blind randomized control trials.

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:17 Export PDF Favorites Scan
2 pages Previous 1 2 Next

Format

Content