摘要:目的:调查呼和浩特市地区变应性疾病患者常见变应原的分布情况。方法:以720例变应性疾病的患者为研究对象,进行11种吸入性变应原皮肤点刺试验,测定致敏变应原。结果:720例变应性疾病患者中577例(80.1％)变应原测试有阳性反应。577例阳性病例中艾蒿阳性率最高,315例(54.6％),其次是螨虫254例(44.0％)。结论:艾蒿、螨虫是呼和浩特市地区变应性疾病的最常见变应原。Abstract: Objective: To study the distribution of common allergens among patients of allergic diseases in Hohhot area.Method: Seven hundred and twenty cases of allergic disease were selected and 11 items of inhaled allergen skin prick tests were carried out to determine the allergens.Results:Five hundred and seventyseven patients out of the 720 (801％) reacted positively to allergen tests.Three hundreds aned fifty cases (546％) were positive in the mugwort,254 cases (440％) were positive in the mites.Conclusion: Mugwort and mites are the most common allergens in Hohhot area.
【摘要】 目的 调查凉山地区青少年四种常见变应性疾病——湿疹、荨麻疹、变应性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis，AR）、支气管哮喘（bronchial asthma，BA）的发病情况，及农村与城区患病差异。 方法 采用分层整群抽样方式确定调查点。受调查者填写调查问卷，接受皮肤科、耳鼻喉科、内科专科医师检查。 结果 湿疹调查8 113人，发现患者810例，患病率10.0%，标准化患病率9.3%；男性患病率8.1%，女性患病率11.2%（Plt;0.01）；城区与农村患病率均为10.0%。荨麻疹调查8 113人，发现患者513例，患病率6.3%，标准化患病率6.5%；男性患病率4.6%，女性患病率7.5%（Plt;0.01）；农村患病率6.9%，城区患病率4.9% （Plt;0.01）。AR调查7 977人，发现患者741人，患病率9.3%，标准化患病率9.1%；男性患病率9.4%，女性患病率9.2%（Pgt;0.05）；农村患病率9.0%，城区10.1%（Pgt;0.05）。BA调查7 741人，发现患者296例，患病率3.8%，标准化患病率4.0%；男性患病率3.2%， 女性患病率4.2%（Plt;0.05）；农村患病率4.1%，城区患病率2.9%（Plt;0.05）。 结论 通过调查获得了凉山地区青少年四种变应疾病患病数据。发现女性湿疹、荨麻疹、BA患病率均高于男性，AR患病率相近。农村湿疹、荨麻疹、支气管哮喘患病率均高于城区，AR患病率相近。【Abstract】 Objective To obtain the prevalence rate of four common allergic diseases, including eczema, urticaria, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma, in adolescent of Lianshan district; and to explore the differences of these allergic diseases prevalence rate between rural area and urban area. Methods A survey was conducted in adolescent. The cluster sampling was used. The subjects were required to fulfill the self-report questionnaires and also received physical examinations by doctors. Results A total of 8 113 individuals were included in eczema studis, in whom eczema were present in 810 with a morbidity of eczema of 10.0% (9.3% after standardized). The prevalence rate of eczema in males and females were 8.1% and 11.2%, respectively (Plt;0.01). The prevalence rate of eczema in urban area was the same as that in rural area (10.0%). A total of 8 113 people were included in the urticaria study, in whom urticaria were found in 513. The prevalence rate was 6.3% (6.5% after standardized). The prevalence rate of urticaria in males and females were 4.5% and 7.6%, respectively (Plt;0.01), and were 6.9% and 4.9% respectively in rural area and urban area (Plt;0.01). A total of 7 977 people were included in AR studis. AR was present in 741 people, and the prevalence rate of AR was 9.3% (9.1% after standardized). The prevalence rate of AR in males and females were 9.4% and 9.2% respectively (Pgt;0.05), and were 10.1% and 9.0% respectively in urban area and rural area (Pgt;0.05). A total of 7 741 people were included in BA study, and BA were present in 296 people. The prevalence rate of BA were 3.8% (4.0% after standardized). The prevalence rate in males and females were 3.2% and 4.2% respectively (Plt;0.05), and were 2.9% and 4.1% respectively in urban area and rural area (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The prevalence rate of these commom allergic diseases in adolescent of Liangshan district was obtained. The females have a higher prevalence rate of eczema, urticaria and BA than that in the males; the prevalence rate of AR in males is similar to which in the females. A higher prevalence rate of eczema, urticaria and BA is found in rural area than that in urban area; the prevalence rate of AR in urban area is similar to which in rural area.