ObjectiveTo investigate the role of local pancreatectomy for benign and low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors.MethodThe clinical data of 45 patients with benign and low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors who underwent local pancreatectomy from January 2014 to June 2019 in Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology were analyzed.ResultsForty-five patients underwent the local enucleation or resection with negative margin. The pathological results showed that there were 17 cases of solid pseudopapilloma, 5 cases of mucinous cystadenoma, 4 cases of serous cystadenoma, 10 cases of islet cell tumor, 5 cases of nonfunctional neuroendocrine tumor, 4 cases of congenital cyst. There were 6 cases of head of pancreas, 26 cases of body of pancreas, 8 cases of tail of pancreas, 5 cases of uncinate process. The tumor was 1.2 to 9.0 cm in diameter with an average of 3.2 cm. Among them, the diameter was more than 5.0 cm in 9 cases. The incidence of pancreatic fistula after operation was 57.8%, 65.4% was grade A fistula, 34.6% was grade B fistula, and no grade C fistula occurred. The incidence of abdominal infection was 13.3%, incidence of abdominal hemorrhage was 6.7%. There was no secondary diabetes mellitus and pancreatic endo- and exocrine dysfunction, and no death case.ConclusionsPancreatic enucleation for benign and low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors after strict preoperative evaluation can effectively preserve the pancreatic endocrine function of patients. Although the incidence of pancreatic fistula is high, it is mostly biochemical fistula, and the incidence of serious complications is low.
ObjectiveTo understand the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis and its research progress and future prospects in pancreatic cancer. MethodThe relevant literature on the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis and its basic and clinical application in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer was retrievaled and reviewed. ResultsFerroptosis was a non-apoptotic form of cell death that depended on iron aggregation, and its molecular biological features included iron ion overload, reactive oxygen species accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and so on. Ferroptosis was closely related to cell metabolism, and the imbalance of ferroptosis caused by abnormal metabolism also existed during the tumorigenesis and progression of pancreatic cancer, which in turn triggered the abnormal proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and leaded to their progression. By regulating the key molecular signaling pathways of ferroptosis, it was expected to find new drug targets and therapeutic pathways for pancreatic cancer treatment. The results of ferroptosis-related studies so far had shown the potential for future translational research in the field of pancreatic cancer treatment. ConclusionsThe mechanism of ferroptosis is of great value in pancreatic cancer research. At present, there are still many uncharted areas in the study of ferroptosis, and the molecular mechanisms involved are still poorly understood. In the future, as the study of ferroptosis continues, it is expected to provide new ideas for pancreatic cancer treatment and discover new targets for drug development.
ObjectiveTo elucidate the latest research progress of Yes-associated protein (YAP) / transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) in regulating tumor drug resistance. MethodThe relevant literature on YAP/TAZ in regulating tumor cell chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy resistance was reviewed and summarized in the databases such as PubMed, CNKI, and so on. ResultsThe YAP/TAZ was involved in the resistance regulation of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy in various human tumors. The YAP/TAZ could interact with various proteins to induce the occurrence of tumor resistance. The imbalance of YAP/TAZ signaling might lead to an important mechanism of tumor cell resistance. ConclusionsThere is a close relation between YAP/TAZ and tumor cell resistance. Studying the mechanism of YAP/TAZ regulating tumor resistance can provide new strategies and targets for addressing tumor resistance.
ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in neonates with lower respiratory tract infection, and provide evidence for clinical rational antibiotic use. MethodsA retrospective analysis on 998 strains isolated from 5 486 sputum samples during January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2012 collected from hospitalized neonates was performed. ResultsOf the 998 isolated strains, the common pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.1%), Escherichia coli (E. coli) (21.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (19.4%), and Enterobacter cloacae (8.4%). Klebsiella pneumonia, E. coli and Enterobacter cloacae were generally resistant to penicillin, but enzyme inhibitors could reduce the resistance rate. A large proportion of Klebsiella pneumonia was resistant to the third generation cephalosporins (78.4%), while E. coli and Enterobacter cloacae had a lower resistance rate (46.7% and 46.5%, respectively). There were 7 strains (3.0%) of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 1 (1.2%) strain of Enterobacter cloacae resistant to imipenem. Twenty-three strains (13.6%) of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 1 strain (0.7%) of E.coli and 1 strain (2.5%) of Enterobacter cloacae were resistant to ertapenem. A total of 97.0% of Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to penicillin, but only 11.0% was resistant to oxacillin, and all the isolates were sensitive to vancomycin. ConclusionGram negative bacteria are the common pathogens in the hospitalized neonates in our hospital. Klebsiella pneumonia, E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus are the common pathogens. The common pathogens show a high resistant level to antibiotics. Clinicians should evaluate the potential pathogens of infections based on the results presented in our study, in order to select antibiotics rationally when treating infections.
ObjectiveTo review the research progress of different cell seeding densities and cell ratios in cartilage tissue engineering. MethodsThe literature about tissue engineered cartilage constructed with three-dimensional scaffold was extensively reviewed, and the seeding densities and ratios of most commonly used seed cells were summarized. ResultsArticular chondrocytes (ACHs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are the most commonly used seed cells, and they can induce hyaline cartilage formation in vitro and in vivo. Cell seeding density and cell ratio both play important roles in cartilage formation. Tissue engineered cartilage with good quality can be produced when the cell seeding density of ACHs or BMSCs reaches or exceeds that in normal articular cartilage. Under the same culture conditions, the ability of pure BMSCs to build hyaline cartilage is weeker than that of pure ACHs or co-culture of both. ConclusionDue to the effect of scaffold materials, growth factors, and cell passages, optimal cell seeding density and cell ratio need further study.