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find Keyword "大型" 22 results
  • EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TREATING DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY WITH MYOBLAST TRANSPLANTATION

    Objective To investigate the effect of myoblast transplantation on duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and to explore the method and feasibil ity of applying gene therapy to DMD. Methods Myoblast of C57/BL10 mice were cultured using multiple-step enzyme digestion method and differential velocity adherent technique. The morphology of the cells was observed with inverted phase contrast microscope. The cells at passage 4 were labeled with 5-BrdU. Twenty-four DMDmodel mice (mdx mice: aged 4-6 weeks, male, 13.8-24.6 g) were randomly divided into two groups (n=12 per group): group A, 1 × 106/mL labeled myoblast were injected via ven caudal is twice at an interval of 2 weeks; group B: 1 mL DMEM/F12 was injected in the same manner serving as a control group. The mice were killed 4 weeks after operation and the motor abil ity of the mice was detected by one-time exhaustive swimming before their death. HE staining and immunohistochemistry staining observation for 5-BrdU, desmin, and dystrophin (Dys) were preformed, and the imaging analysis was conducted. Results The primary myoblast could be sub-cultured 5-7 days after culture, providing stable passage and sufficient cells. The time of onetime exhaustive swimming was (60.72 ± 5.76) minutes in group A and (47.77 ± 5.40) minutes in group B, there was significant significance between two groups (P lt; 0.01). At 4 weeks after injection, HE staining showed that in group A, there were round and transparent-stained myocytes and the percentage of centrally nucleated fibers (CNF) was 67%; while in group B, there were uneven muscle fiber with such pathological changes as hypertrophia, atrophia, degeneration, and necrosis, and the percentage of CNF was above 80%. Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that the expression of 5-BrdU, desmin, and Dys was positive in group A; while in group B, those expressions were l ittle or negative. Image analysis result displayed that integral absorbency (IA) value of desmin was 489.70 ± 451.83 in group A and 71.15 ± 61.14 in group B (P lt; 0.05) and the ratio of positive area to thetotal vision area was 0.314 3 ± 0.197 3 in group A and 0.102 8 ± 0.062 8 in group B (P lt; 0.05); the Dys IA value was 5 424.64 ± 2 658.01 in group A and 902.12 ± 593.51 in group B (P gt; 0.05) and the ratio of positive area to the total vision area was 0.323 7 ± 0.117 7 in group A and 0.035 2 ± 0.032 9 in group B (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion Myoblast transplantation has certain therapeutic effect on DMD of mice.

    Release date:2016-09-01 09:08 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Endoscopic Reversal Mucosal Resection for Ultra-low Rectal Large Laterally Spreading Tumor

    目的 探讨内镜反转黏膜切除术治疗超低位直肠大型侧向发育型肿瘤的价值。 方法 回顾性分析四川大学华西医院消化内镜中心2010年1月-2011年12月间38例内镜反转黏膜切除术治疗超低位直肠大型侧向发育型肿瘤病变残留、治疗效果。 结果 38例患者,男18例,女20例,年龄8~80岁;病变下缘距肛门齿状线1~4.0 cm24例,侵及齿状线14例。病变大小(按病变最大径分类):1.5~3.0 cm 12例,3.1~4.0 cm 8例,4.1~5.0 cm4例,5.1~7.0 cm 10例,10 cm 4例。病变直径在5.0 cm以下的24例患者,经首次手术治疗肿瘤完整切除,术后2例灶性癌变,追加外科手术;其余22例2个月复查,病变无残留,6个月复查,2例复发,经再次手术病变完整切除。随访1年,全部未见复发,治愈率为100%,无残留。病变直径5.1~7.0 cm的10例患者,经首次手术治疗肿瘤分次切除,2个月复查,6例病变完整切除无残留,6个月复查,其中2例复发,经再次内镜下手术切完病变,随访1年,无复发;另4例有残留,经再次内镜下手术切完病变,6个月复查无复发,随访1年,4例均未见复发。病变直径10 cm 的4例患者,经多次手术后复查均有病变残留,无法完全切除,患者拒绝外科手术。5.1 cm以上病变治愈率71.43%,残留率高达57.14%。本组术后出血16例,感染1例,直肠狭窄1例,肛门坠胀3例,无穿孔发生。 结论 内镜反转黏膜切除术治疗超低位直肠大型侧向发育型肿瘤有效,对5.0 cm以下病变能一次完整切除,5.1 cm以上病变残留率高,需再次内镜下手术,10 cm以上病变切除不完全。应慎重选择病例,术后密切随访。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:34 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Administration of Medical Adverse Event on Super Sized Hospital

    摘要:医院有效事前监测、管控医疗不良事件,是保障患者安全、提高医疗质量的管理措施之一。超大型医院对医疗不良事件管理的实战中,建立、实施医疗安全隐患事件关键监测指标、医疗安全隐患事件筛查程序指标,积极开展医疗不良事件后台监管工作,切断医疗安全隐患事件向医疗风险事件演变、医疗风险事件向医疗纠纷事件演变的环节,保障患者安全。Abstract: Effective supervision in advance to the medical adverse event, is one of measures which hospital adopt to guarantee patient safety and enhance medical quality. The actual combat of supervision to the medical adverse event in super sized hospital, set up and put in practice on the key target of supervising the medical adverse event and the key target of ridding procedure, remain in the background and work actively on supervision on the medical adverse event, shut off the road from the medical safety issue to the medical risk issue and the road from the medical risk issue to the medical dissension in order to guarantee the patient safety.

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:12 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 权变理论在大型灾害时手术资源调度中的应用研究

    目的总结大型灾害发生后如何有效调度手术资源的方法。 方法对2013年4月20日-22日芦山地震发生后,就应急手术中的护理人员、医疗物质的调度方式及效果进行回顾分析。 结果在灾害发生后的72 h内顺利完成各类手术69台,骨科手术共计30台,其中脊柱骨折15台、肢体骨折12台、骨科复合术3台;神经外科血肿清除术17台;儿外科手术12台;普外科剖腹探查术8台;胸外行剖胸探查术2台。平均开放时间180 min。术后3 d随访,伤员生命体征平稳,均未发生院内感染,于不同时间段痊愈出院。 结论权变理论的应用,可以灵活机动的调动各种资源,保证组织目标的实现,确保地震手术患者的救治需求。

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  • 大型医院建立科级静脉输液管理执行小组的研究

    目的探索大型医院中建立科级静脉输液管理执行小组的作用与意义,确保静脉输液的安全性和有效性。 方法于2012年1月启动静脉输液管理执行小组,对综合科9个科室的静脉输液治疗进行静脉输液知识技能培训、制定相关制度与规范、感染控制、质量控制、开展科研设计等综合管理。评估建立科级静脉输液管理执行小组后(2013年1月-12月)患者的满意度,输液不良事件发生率,临床教学效果和科研成效等相关情况。 结果开展后(2013年1月-12月)与开展前(2011年1月-12月)相比,患者满意度提高(P<0.05);外周静脉炎、静脉渗出、输液感染以及刺激性、腐蚀性药物严重外渗等输液不良反应的发生率较开展前明显降低(P<0.05);临床教学效果和科研成效也有所提高。 结论超大型医院中成立科级静脉管理执行小组在临床、教学及科研方面发挥了突出作用,为专科建设提供了有效的探索模式,具有重要意义。

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  • Research on Pre-examination and Triage Service for Outpatients in Large General Hospitals

    ObjectiveTo explore the application of pre-examination and triage service for outpatients in large general hospitals to improve the quality of service and increase the satisfaction of the patients. MethodsBy using convenience sampling, the outpatients from four third-class A level hospitals were investigated with self-designed questionnaire between July and August, 2013. The patients were differentiated according to the frequency of visiting doctors; the first and subsequent visit being the variables, the rank-sum test was used to investigate the demand and satisficing of the pre-examination and triage service in the two kinds of outpatients in large general hospitals. ResultsThe satisficing of the pre-examination and triage service was high; the demand of the service was high in the first-visit patients with high satisficing. The difference in out-patient consultation between the two kinds of patients were significant. ConclusionPre-examination and triage service has a great guiding effect on outpatients in large general hospitals, and its availability is related to the type of the patients, awareness rate of the service and satisfaction to nurses.

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  • 大型“C”臂实时引导下经电子支气管镜小导管脓腔冲洗治疗肺脓肿的临床观察

    目的探讨大型"C"臂实时引导下经电子支气管镜小导管脓腔冲洗治疗肺脓肿的疗效。 方法将12例肺脓肿患者随机分为治疗组和对照组, 每组各6例。对照组患者予以止咳、化痰、抗感染及体位引流等常规治疗。治疗组患者在上述治疗的基础上加用大型"C"臂实时引导下经电子支气管镜小导管脓腔冲洗治疗。两组患者的疗程均为3周。 结果对照组患者的总有效率为68.8%;治疗组患者的总有效率为100.0%, 两组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组患者的住院时间、抗生素应用时间及血降钙素原恢复正常时间均较对照组明显缩短(P<0.05)。治疗组电子支气管镜治疗过程中未出现严重并发症。 结论大型"C"臂实时引导下经电子支气管镜小导管脓腔冲洗治疗肺脓肿具有疗效确切、治愈率高、疗程短的特点。

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  • MICROSURGICAL TREATMENT AND FACIAL NERVE PRESERVATION IN 400 CASES OF GIANT ACOUSTIC NEUROMAS

    ObjectiveTo analyse the microsurgical treatment and facial nerve preservation of giant acoustic neuromas. MethodsUnder the conditions of facial nerve monitoring, 400 patients with giant acoustic neuromas underwent microsurgical removal via suboccipital retrosigmoid approach between January 2005 and January 2013. There were 186 males and 214 females, with the age ranged from 15 to 74 years (mean, 41.6 years). The disease duration was 2-13 years (mean, 2.4 years). The lesions were located at the left cerebellopontine angle region (CPA) in 191 cases, right CPA in 200 cases, bilateral CPA in 9 cases. The clinical manifestations included unilateral hearing loss and tinnitus as first symptoms in 389 cases, facial numbness in 373 cases, unilateral facial paralysis in 370 cases, headache in 269 cases, lower cranial nerve symptoms with drinking cough and dysphagia in 317 cases, and unstable gait in 342 cases. Preoperative skull base thin layer CT showed varying degrees of horn-like expansion in ipsilateral internal auditory canal opening. MRI showed cysts in 78 cases and solid masses in 322 cases; with hydrocephalus in 269 cases. Postoperative cranial MRI or CT was taken to observe the extent of tumor resection. The preservation of facial nerves in anatomy was assessed by intraoperative microscope video and electrophysiological monitoring; the facial nerves function was assessed according to House-Brackmann (HB) classification on the first day after operation; and the rehabilitation of facial nerve function was also assessed at discharge and at 1 year postoperatively by using HB grade. ResultsTotal tumor removal was achieved in 372 cases (93.00%), and subtotal removal in 28 cases (7.00%). One case died of delayed brainstem ischemia at 14 days after operation, and 1 case died of lung infection at 20 days after operation; 398 cases were followed up 6 months to 8 years (mean, 3.5 years). Recurrence occurred in 1 case because of neurofibromatosis at 5 years after operation. The rate of anatomical preservation of the facial nerve during operation was 91.75% (367/400), and the functional preservation rate at the first day after operation was 62.75% (251/400). The HB grade of facial nerve function showed significant difference aomng 3 time points (at the first day, at discharge and at 1 year after operation) (χ2=23.432, P=0.000). Complications included postoperative intracranial infection in 11 cases (2.75%), cerebrospinal fluid leakage in 29 cases (7.25%), aggravated lower cranial nerve symptoms in 18 cases (4.50%), subcutaneous effusion in 13 cases (3.25%), second operation to remove hematoma in 9 cases (2.25%), postoperative circumoral herpes simplex virus infection in 25 cases (6.25%), and all complications were cured after symptomatic treatment. Postoperative hydrocephalus disappeared in 261 cases. ConclusionSurgical operation is the first choice in the treatment of giant acoustic neuromas. Under the auxiliary of neural electrophysiological monitoring, the microsurgery operation via suboccipital retrosigmoid approach for giant acoustic neuromas has extremely low mortality and high preservation rate of facial nerve function.

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  • 大型综合医院门诊设立初诊患者服务区的探讨

    目的为满足初诊患者当日就诊的需求,实现科学分诊,进一步完善大型综合医院分层级医疗制度,提高初诊患者满意度。 方法采用自行设计的《华西医院门诊患者就医情况调查问卷》对2012年3月1日-31日于四川大学华西医院门诊部就诊的1 106例初诊患者及2014年7月1日-31日门诊就诊的500例初诊患者进行问卷调查,收集其一般基本情况,候诊等候时间,满意度情况,采用χ2检验探讨设置初诊患者服务区前后患者候诊等候情况及满意度情况。 结果设置初诊患者服务区前后问卷调查的门诊初诊患者在性别、年龄、文化程度分布上无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。初诊患者候诊等候时间在设置初诊患者服务区前后差异有统计学意义(χ2=118.93,P<0.001),其中2014年7月门诊初诊患者候诊等候时间≥60 min占较小比例,为28.0%。初诊患者满意度在设置初诊患者服务区前后差异有统计学意义(χ2=312.99,P<0.001),其中2014年7月门诊初诊患者满意度占较大比例,为98.0%。 结论设立门诊初诊患者服务区,缩短患者候诊等候时间,初诊患者就诊满意率上升,故创新初诊门诊服务区之举可行,值得推广。

    Release date:2016-11-23 05:46 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The analysis of outpatient navigation service system in large hospitals

    Objective To optimize the environment of outpatient clinics in large hospitals, facilitate the patients’ visits and improve the comprehensive management level. Methods From September to November 2015, 2 hospitals in each part of a provincial city (middle, east, west, north and south), a total of 10 hospitals were chosed by convenient sampling method. The forms, types and distribution of outpatient navigation service system were investigated and analyzed by using a self-designed questionnaire. Results There were a total of 14 forms of counseling-guide services in the 10 hospitals. Just 1 hospital provided all the 14 forms of counseling-guide services, and 2 hospitals provided 13 forms of counseling-guide services, which were relatively complete. While the other 7 large hospitals provided only 4 to 6 forms of counseling-guide services, which were relatively simple. Conclusion Qualified outpatient navigation service system can help patients to receive more effective treatment, optimize the environment, highlighting the modern hospital humanistic service and the concept of intelligent service and scientific management.

    Release date:2017-09-22 03:44 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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