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find Keyword "婴幼儿" 68 results
  • The Risk Factors of Melamine Associated Urolithiasis in Infants: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

    Objective To investigate the risk factors of infantile urolithiasis resulted from taking milk powder with melamine. Methods The clinical data of infant and young children who took free-screening for melamine associated urolithiasis in the Lanzhou University Second Hospital from September 14th, 2008 to January 6th, 2009 were collected, while the infants without urolithiasis in the same number as those with urolithiasis were also randomly collected into the control group. Then both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with a logistic regression model to assess the independent risk factors for urolithiasis. Results Of the screened children, 647 children were included in the urolithiasis group and 647 were in the control group. There were 678 boys and 616 girls with an average age of 19.27 months. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that, the children fed with Sanlu powdered infant milk formula which contained a high level of melamine were more likely to suffer from urolithiasis than those took other melamine-contaminated formula (OR=6.09, Plt;0.01); boys were more than girls (OR=1.39, Plt;0.01), and children fed with formula alone were more than those fed with both formula and breast milk (OR=1.61, Plt;0.01). The risk of urolithiasis decreased gradually with age, and the OR value of children in age of smaller than 6 months, 6 to 12 months, 12 to 24 months were 5.23 (Plt;0.01), 2.73 (Plt;0.01), and 1.60 (Plt;0.01), respectively. The risk of urolithiasis increased gradually with the time lengthening of taking melamine-contaminated formula, and the OR value of children who had took melamine-contaminated formula for 3 to 6 months, 6 to 12 months and more than or equal to 12 months were 2.10 (Plt;0.01), 2.81 (Plt;0.01), and 4.75 (Plt;0.01), respectively. Conclusion It shows that feeding with high melamine infant formula (Sanlu powdered infant milk formula), artificial feeding and male children are the risk factors of infantile urolithiasis. Additionally, the risk of urolithiasis decreases with age and increases with time of formula feeding

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  • Clinical Analysis of Infants in 402 Cases with Melamine-Induced Urolithiasis in Gansu Province

    Objective To discuss the prevalence of melamine-induced urolithiasis in infants and its development and to formulate more effective diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 402 cases of melamine-induced infantile urolithiasis were retrospectively analyzed with basic information, blood, urine, urinary B-mode ultrasonic diagnosis, treatment options and prognosis for infant urolithiasis. Results A total of 402 cases of infants had an excessive melamine milk feeding history, in which there were 9 self-discharged cases. The largest calculus diameter was 4 mm × 5 mm × 6 mm. The smallest calculus diameter was 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm × 1 mm. The average calculus diameter was 1 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm. There were 30 cases of abnormal serum creatinine, 27 of abnormal urea, 2 of abnormal uric acid, and urine occult blood positive for 167 cases. There were 395 cases which were administrated medical treatment; 7 cases were administrated surgical treatment; 6 cases had obstructive renal failure. Conclusion Infants whose age is more than six months but less than 12 months with a history of exposure to melamine have the larger risk of urolithiasis. B-mode ultrasonic diagnosis is practically significant on early screening urolithiasis. It is effective to perform surgical treatment for obstructive renal failure caused by calculus.

    Release date:2016-08-25 02:51 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Investigation on the Incidence of Urolithiasis in Infants Fed by Milk Powder Tainted with Melamine in the Middle Area of Anhui Province

    Objective To investigate the incidence of urolithiasis in infants aged 0-3 years old fed by milk powder tainted with melamine in the middle area of the Anhui province, as well as its relationship to gender, age, milk powder consumption and drinking water. Methods Questionnaires were distributed to 1079 infants who were screened for urolithiasis by ultrasound examination from September 25, 2008 to October 17, 2008. Data was collected by Epidata and analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software. Results A total of 646 (59.87%) male infants and 433 (40.13%) female infants underwent ultrasound examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital. Of these, 86 infants were diagnosed with urolithiasis with an incidence of 7.97%, including 62 males (72.09%) and 24 females (27.91%). The mean age of those infants with urolithiasis was 1.85±0.77, and all of calculus was located in kidney. The relationship between the incidence of urolithiasis and gender, age, drinking water, feeding bottle sanitation, birth status, as well as the amount of milk powder intake was assessed by using the Pearson Chi-square test. Results showed that significant differences were noted in the incidence of urolithiasis among infants of different genders or with different drinking water sources (Plt;0.05). The result of multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that gender was related to the incidence of urolithiasis (Plt;0.05). The incidence of urolithiasis in female infants was only 58.7% of that in male infants (OR 0.587, 95%CI 0.359 to 0.959). Conclusion  The incidence of urolithiasis in infants aged 0-3 years of old in the middle area of Anhui province is relatively high and has anatomical specificity. Further data during the follow-up of these cases should be collected.

    Release date:2016-08-25 03:36 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The Duration of Postoperative Mechanical Ventilation in Infants with Weight Lower than 10 kg Having Undergone Congenital Cardiac Surgery

    目的 探讨≤10 kg体重婴幼儿心脏直视术后呼吸机使用时间的相关因素。 方法 从2005年3月-2011年6月,选择纳入接受心脏直视手术的体重≤10 kg的先天性心脏病婴幼儿,分析各项围术期指标与术后呼吸机使用时间的关系,讨论该类婴幼儿术后呼吸机使用时间决策。 结果 共纳入体重≤10 kg的婴幼儿42例,呼吸机使用时间(42.74 ± 52.55) h,中位数20.88 h;发现术后2 h入量(mL/kg),术后4、8、16 h总入量(mL/kg)与术后呼吸机使用时间相关(P<0.05),术后呼吸机使用时间与患儿ICU入住时间约成线性相关(P<0.05)。 结论 影响低体重婴幼儿心脏直视术后呼吸机使用时间是术后液体管理,实施“限制性液体管理”治疗策略可能会促进患儿的术后快速康复。术后液体管理如何具体影响患儿呼吸机使用时间,影响患儿的预后,尚需进一步研究。Objective To evaluate the factors related to the postoperative mechanical ventilation (MV) duration in low-weight infants weighing less than 10 kg having undergone open cardiac surgery. Methods From March 2005 to June 2011, infants less than 10 kg undergoing congenital cardiac surgery were included in this research. We analyzed the relationship between various peri-operative indexes and the duration of MV, and discussed the decision for ventilation time for these infant patients. Results A total of 42 infants were included in our study. The ventilation time was (42.74 ±52.55) hours with a median of 20.88 hours. The postoperative second-hour fluid intake and the total intake of fluid at hour 4, 8, and 16 were related to the duration of mechanical ventilation (P<0.05). And the ventilation time had a linear relationship with the ICU-stay time (P<0.05). Conclusions The postoperative fluid management is associated with the duration of mechanical ventilation for low-weight infants having undergone open cardiac surgery. “Fluid controlling management” may facilitate quick recovery of the infant patients. However, as for how the fluid should be managed, how the fluid management influences ventilation time and the prognosis, more research is needed.

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  • 婴幼儿急性肠套叠空气灌肠治疗

    目的 总结婴幼儿急性肠套叠X线透视下空气灌肠整复经验体会,提高整复成功率。 方法 对2011年1月-12月入院、并经空气灌肠及手术证实276例肠套叠患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。 结果 经空气灌肠复位成功268例,其中5例延迟再灌复位成功,6例肠套叠空气灌肠整复失败转为手术治疗,2例未经空气灌肠直接手术治疗,整复率达97.1%(268/276)。患儿全部治愈无并发症,无一死亡。 结论 X线透视下空气灌肠诊断及整复治疗婴幼儿肠套叠,操作简便,是一项较好的治疗手段,而手法得当将达到满意的治疗结果;延迟再灌复位成功率较高,值得推广应用。

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  • Nursing Experience of Noninvasive Ventilation for Infants with Congenital Heart Disease after Surgery

    【摘要】 目的 总结先天性心脏病术后无创通气的监护。 方法 2008年1-12月胸外ICU 36例先天性心脏病术后患儿,在使用无创通气前后监测血压、心率、呼吸及血气变化。 结果 与无创通气前相比,无创通气后30 min、1 h、2 h的指标均恢复到满意水平,循环稳定。 结论 通过采用无创通气,80%的患儿避免了再次插管,缩短有创通气时间,同时避免了相关的呼吸道并发症,缩短了患儿住院时间,节省了医疗费用,提升了先天性心脏病患儿术后成活率。【Abstract】 Objective To summarize the nursing experience of noninvasive ventilation for infants with congenital heart disease after the surgery. Methods A total of 36 patients who underwent noninvasive ventilation from January to December 2008 were enrolled. The blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, and blood gas were recorded and analyzed before and after noninvasive ventilation. Results Compared with the results before noninvasive ventilation, all of the indexes returned to a satisfying level and the circulation kept stable 30 minutes, one hour, and two hours after noninvasive ventilation. Conclusion Noninvasive ventilation may avoid reintubation, shorten the invasive ventilatory time, decrease the respiratory complications, shorten the time of hospitalization, save the medical expenses, and promote the survival rate of infants with congenital heart disease.

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  • 鼻塞式持续气道正压通气在婴幼儿心脏手术后的应用

    无创正压通气作为一种非侵入性辅助通气方式,越来越多地应用于婴幼儿呼吸衰竭、急性呼吸窘迫综合症(ARDS)等疾病的治疗中[1]。其中,鼻塞式持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)在新生儿、婴幼儿呼吸衰竭中的应用较多[2],但在先天性心脏病体外循环术后患儿的呼吸支持中报道较少[3]。我院重症监护病房(ICU)将NCPAP应用于40例先天性心脏病手术后患儿,在机械通气拨管后立即使用NCPAP,取得了较满意的效果,报告如下。

    Release date:2016-08-30 11:35 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Effects of curosurf on ventilation weaning and respiratory mechanics in infants with acute lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass

    Objective To investigate the effects of exogenous pulmonary surfactant (PS) on ventilation weaning and respiratory mechanics in infants with acute lung injury(ALI) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Twelve infants underwent cardiopulmonary bypass cardiac surgery committed with ALI and difficulty in weaning from ventilation were included in this study.Exogenous PS was used in the treatment via intra-tracheal administration.The changes of blood gas,respiratory mechanics and the conditions of ventilation weaning were observed.Results After intra-tracheal PS administration,spontaneous breath remained steady;spontaneous respiratory rate significantly decreased from,tidal volume of spontaneous breath increased significantly.Three concave sign disappeared and koilosternia was alleviated.PaCO2 value decreased significantly and peak inspiratory pressure(PIP) decreased from (36.18±10.25)cm H2O to (25.11±5.14)cm H2O (Plt;0.01).Static lung compliance (Cstat) increased from (1.49±0.65)mL·cm H2O-1·kg-1 before treatment to (1.95±0.50) mL·cm H2O-1·kg-1 6 h after treatment (Plt;0.01);and airway resistance (Rstat)decreased from (128.17±26.34) cm H2O·L-1·s-1 before treatment to (78.56±18.22) cm H2O·L-1·s-1 6 h after treatment (Plt;0.01).All 12 infants weaned from ventilator successfully.Conclusion Combined with PS intra-tracheal treatment,lung protective ventilation strategy can significantly improve parameters of respiratory mechanics,increase dynamic lung compliance,decrease airway resistance,which can decrease the breathing effort of the infants and make it easy to wean from ventilator.

    Release date:2016-09-14 11:53 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 婴幼儿法洛四联症根治术62例

    目的 总结婴幼儿法洛四联症(TOF)根治术治疗经验,提高婴幼儿TOF根治术的成功率。 方法 2007年5月至2011年12月盛京医院共施行62例年龄≤3岁婴幼儿TOF根治术,其中男35例,女27例;年龄(16.18±10.45) 月,≤1岁30例。所有患儿术前均常规行心脏超声心动图、心脏大血管CT及三维重建、胸部X线片、心电图等检查明确诊断为TOF,全部在体外循环下进行根治手术。 结果 手术早期死亡率6.4% (4/62),4例均死于并发低心排血量综合征。主动脉阻断时间(68.35±21.43) min,体外循环时间(96.90±30.36) min,术后住院时间(12.00±3.68) d。 结论 低龄低体重的婴幼儿行TOF根治术临床效果良好,手术技巧及矫治畸形的方法是手术成功的关键。良好的体外循环转流及心肌保护,加强术后监护对提高婴幼儿TOF根治术的临床效果有重要意义。

    Release date:2016-08-30 05:46 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 婴幼儿患者长时间体外循环风险分析

    目的 分析婴幼儿患者长时间体外循环(CPB)对预后的影响。 方法 回顾性分析福建医科大学协和临床学院2008年1月至2011年11月CPB时间>120 min 308例患者的临床资料,其中男187例,女121例;年龄(1.5±1.2) 岁。CPB中采用浅-中低温技术、深低温停循环、深低温低流量灌注技术。分析术后死亡率等临床结果。 结果 患者呼吸机使用时间12 h~30 d (32.9±41.4) h、对严重低氧血症患者加用3~10 cm H2O呼气末正压。住ICU时间48~1 600 (72.9±50.2) h。病死率9.1% (28/308),死于多器官功能衰竭18例,败血症6例,其它原因4例。CPB时间120~240 min的患者头面部水肿不明显,CPB时间>240 min的患者轻-中度水肿。术后胸腔引流量55~320 (62.3±109.6) ml。血红蛋白尿发生率11.4% (35/308)。尿少行腹膜透析发生率7.5%(23/308)。结论 婴幼儿患者长时间CPB并发症及病死率高,精细CPB管理、超滤及注意保护重要器官是确切有效的方法。

    Release date:2016-08-30 05:46 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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