目的:观察护理干预对脑瘫患儿生活自理能力训练的影响。方法:80例脑瘫患儿随机分为2组,常规组40例,实施常规护理;观察组40例,在常规护理基础上对患儿和家长给予护理干预,两组患儿治疗前后均进行日常生活自理动作评定。结果:治疗后,2组患儿ADL评分较治疗前有明显提高(Plt;0.05),与常规组比较,观察组患儿改善更明显(Plt;0.01)。结论:护理干预对脑瘫患儿生活自理能力的训练有促进作用。
Evidence-based evidence translated into health care services requires three conversion processes, preclinical research-clinical research-implementation research, which might take a very long time. In order to speed up the process of research results translated into daily medical practice and health policy, an effectiveness-implementation hybrid design combining the effectiveness research of clinical and implementation research was emerging. This paper introduced the concept, classification and application of effectiveness-implementation hybrid design, to provide references for researchers in this area.
ObjectiveTo investigate the management methods of drug repercussion and its intervention measures in the Burn and Plastic Surgery Department by analyzing the reasons for drug repercussion. MethodBased on the drug repercussion data provided by the computer information center, we analyzed the common reasons and the status quo of drug repercussion. Active intervention measures were carried out, and real-time supervision and feedback of drug repercussion management were also performed. We compared such repercussion indexes before intervention (between May and September 2013) and after intervention (between October 2013 and February 2014):number of drug repercussion patients, times of drug repercussion, amount of money involved in drug repercussion, ratio of drug repercussion and dispensing and comprehensive ranking of the drug repercussion in the whole hospital. ResultsAfter intervention, the ranking of the causes of drug repercussion changed obviously. Changing orders casually dropped to the 3rd of the rank, and changing the department based on necessity rose from the 4th to the 2nd. All the indexes (including the times, number, and amount of money of drug of repercussion, and the ratio of repercussion and dispensing and compreheasive rank) reduced significantly (P<0.05). ConclusionsActualizing active intervention measures redounds to reducing drug repercussion, standardizing clinical use of drugs, insuring safety, and advancing the satisfaction of patients and quality of medical nursing.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the effect of intermittent fasting on type 2 diabetes mellitus. MethodsThe CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library and EMbase databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on intermittent fasting intervention in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus from inception to April 2022. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. The RevMan 5.4 software and Stata 17.0 software were used for meta-analysis. ResultsA total of 17 RCTs comprising 1 428 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that intermittent fasting improved body weight (WMD=−2.84, 95%CI −3.79 to −1.88, P<0.05), body mass index (BMI) (WMD=−1.07, 95%CI −1.52 to −0.61, P<0.05), glycosylated hemoglobin levels (SMD=−0.78, 95%CI −1.19 to −0.38, P<0.05), and fasting glucose levels (SMD=−0.65, 95%CI −1.01 to −0.3, P<0.05). ConclusionThe current evidence suggests that intermittent fasting improves body weight, BMI, glycated hemoglobin, and fasting blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
目的:了解成都市3~6岁学龄前儿童超重、单纯性肥胖发展趋势和干预效果,以寻求更有效的干预措施。方法:自2000~2007年对成都市五城区所有一类托幼园所3~6岁儿童进行调查,对其超重、肥胖发生、发展动态趋势进行分析研究,并设重点干预点进行连续干预监测。参照WHO标准,应用身高别体重法评价儿童超重和肥胖。结果:2000~2005年中,成都市学龄前儿童超重、单纯性肥胖发生率显著升高(2000年为6.50%、2.14%;2005年为9.57%,4.39%,Plt;0.001);通过对托幼园所实施肥胖干预后,2005~2007年儿童超重、单纯性肥胖检出率处于稳定控制状态(2007年为9.13%,4.17%,Pgt;0.05)。2005~2007年对本市15所托幼机构实施重点干预后,儿童超重、肥胖检出率为8.51%,3.26%,明显降低(Plt;0.05),而一般干预点,超重、肥胖发生率明显升高(10.42%,5.12%,Plt;0.05)。结论:学龄前儿童超重、单纯性肥胖呈上升趋势,有效的干预措施能控制超重和肥胖发生率。
ObjectivesTo systematically review the efficacy of Nordic walking on prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect intervention studies on the efficacy of Nordic walking on prognosis of cardiovascular diseases from inception to June, 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, then, meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software. ResultsA total of 9 studies involving 328 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: compared with control group, there were an obvious decrease in the values of LDL (MD=–11.38, 95%CI –17.51 to –5.25, P=0.000 3), TG (MD=–21.14, 95%CI –32.33 to–9.96, P=0.000 2), SBP (MD=–7.96, 95%CI −11.45 to –4.46, P<0.000 01) and TC, DBP, BMI (P<0.05). However, there were no obvious differences between two groups in HDL. ConclusionsNordic walking can improve the prognosis of patients with cardiovascular diseases, yet the long-term effect is unclear. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more higher quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.