The validity and reasonableness of emotional data are the key issues in the cognitive affective computing research. Effects of the emotion recognition are decided by the quality of selected data directly. Therefore, it is an important part of affective computing research to build affective computing database with good performance, so that it is the hot spot of research in this field. In this paper, the performance of two classical cognitive affective computing databases, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) cognitive affective computing database and Germany Augsburg University emotion recognition database were compared, their data structure and data types were compared respectively, and emotional recognition effect based on the data were studied comparatively. The results indicated that the analysis based on the physical parameters could get the effective emotional recognition, and would be a feasible method of pressure emotional evaluation. Because of the lack of stress emotional evaluation data based on the physiological parameters domestically, there is not a public stress emotional database. We hereby built a dataset for the stress evaluation towards the high stress group in colleges, candidates of postgraduates of Ph.D and master as the subjects. We then acquired their physiological parameters, and performed the pressure analysis based on this database. The results indicated that this dataset had a certain reference value for the stress evaluation, and we hope this research can provide a reference and support for emotion evaluation and analysis.
In this study, an implantable optrode was developed for optogenetics stimulation of neural population in nuclei or multi-sites in neural circuits. The optrode was composed of base layer, micro-light emitting diode (LED) and coating layer. The base layer was a 150 μm thick polyimide substrate on which copper wires and contacts were fabricated by flexible printed circuit board processes. The micro-LED was soldered on the contacts using SnBi. Parylene-C was deposited over the optrode as the coating layer using a vacuum vapor deposition system. The optical output power was tested by optical power meter and the insulating property was tested using saline in the experiment. The stimulation function of the optrode was demonstrated through animal experiment. The width of the optrode was 500 μm and the maximum thickness of the optrode was 310 μm at the LED position. The thickness of the parylene coating layer was about 1 μm. The maximum optical output power of optrode was 9.31 mW and the effective illumination area was a 3.03 mm2 spherical cap at 650 μm deep in brain tissue. The optrode was still functional after 14 days in physiological saline. Conventional copper electrodes were used to verify the efficacy of the optrode for stimulation and robust spiking activities of the expressing Channelrhodopsin-2 neurons in the entire cortex of a mouce were recorded. Obvious behavior change happened when light stimulation was applied to the expressing Channelrhodopsin-2 neurons in the secondary motor cortex of the mice. The optrode has the characteristics of large effective illumination range, flexible in implantation and long-term implantable, which provide neural population in nuclei research a new tool.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of tibial periosteal flap pedicled with intermuscular branch of posterior tibial vessels combined with autologous bone graft in the treatment of tibial bone defects. MethodsBetween January 2007 and December 2013, 19 cases of traumatic tibia bone and soft tissue defects were treated. There were 14 males and 5 females, aged from 18 to 49 years (mean, 28 years). The tibial fracture site located at the middle tibia in 6 cases and at the distal tibia in 13 cases. According to Gustilo type, 4 cases were rated as type Ⅲ A, 14 cases as type Ⅲ B, and 1 case as type Ⅲ C (injury of anterior tibial artery). The length of bone defect ranged from 4.3 to 8.5 cm (mean, 6.3 cm). The soft tissue defects ranged from 8 cm×5 cm to 17 cm×9 cm. The time from injury to operation was 3 to 8 hours (mean, 4 hours). One-stage operation included debridement, external fixation, and vacuum sealing drainage. After formation of granulation tissue, the fresh wound was repaired with sural neurovascular flap or posterior tibial artery perforator flap. The flap size ranged from 10 cm×6 cm to 19 cm×11 cm. In two-stage operation, tibial periosteal flap pedicled with intermuscular branch of posterior tibial vessels combined with autologous bone graft was used to repair tibial defect. The periosteal flap ranged from 6.5 cm×4.0 cm to 9.0 cm×5.0 cm; bone graft ranged from 4.5 to 9.0 cm in length. External fixation was changed to internal fixation. ResultsAll flaps survived with soft texture, and no ulcer and infection occurred. All incisions healed by the first intention. All patients were followed up 18-40 months (mean, 22.5 months). All graft bone healed, with the healing time from 3 to 9 months (mean, 6.5 months). No complication of implant loosening or fracture was observed. No pain and abnormal activity in the affected leg occurred. All patients resumed weight-bearing and walking function. The length of the limb was recovered and difference value was 0.5-1.5 cm between normal and affected sides. The function of the knee and ankle joint was good without infection, malunion, and equinus. According to the Johner standard at last follow-up, the results were excellent in 15 cases, good in 3 cases, and fair in 1 case, with an excellent and good rate of 94.7%. ConclusionTibial periosteal flap pedicled with intermuscular branch of posterior tibial vessels combined with autologous bone graft is an effective method to treat bone defect of the tibia.
ObjectiveTo discuss the effectiveness of free anterolateral thigh flap pedicled with medial sural vessels for treatment of leg skin and soft tissue defects. MethodsBetween July 2008 and January 2014, 32 cases of serious skin and soft tissue defects in the leg were repaired by using free anterolateral thigh flap pedicled with medial sural artery and vein. Of them, there were 22 males and 10 females, aged 23 to 50 years (mean, 36.5 years). Defects were caused by traffic accidents injury in 9 cases, crash injury of heavy object in 15 cases, and machine twist injury in 8 cases. The left side was involved in 10 cases and the right side in 22 cases. The mean interval of injury and admission was 2.5 hours (range, 1-4 hours). The location was the upper, middle, and lower one third of the anterior tibia in 15 cases, 10 cases, and 7 cases respectively. The area of defect ranged from 10 cm×5 cm to 23 cm×9 cm. After debridement and vaccum sealing drainage treatment, the anterolateral thigh flap ranging from 12 cm×7 cm to 25 cm×11 cm pedicled with the medial sural vessels was used to repair the wound. The donor site was sutured directly or repaired with the skingrafts. ResultsAll flaps and skingrafts survived after operation, and primary healing of wound was obtained. After 6-23 months (mean, 14.5 months) follow-up, all flaps were characterized by soft texture, good color, and satisfactory appearance. The sensation of the flaps were recovered to S2~S3+ according to the Britain's Medical Research Council criteria at 6 months after operation. No obvious scar contracture was observed at donor site. ConclusionThe medial sural artery has the advantages of constant anatomical position, large diameter, rich blood flow, and a long artery pedicle, so the medial sural vessels is an ideal choice as recipient vessels for the reconstruction of leg skin and soft tissue defect.
ObjectiveTo investigate the value of ligament remnant preservation during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction by observing the integrity, the tension, the synovial membrane covering, and the color of the reconstructed ligament under arthroscopy. MethodsBetween January 2011 and December 2013, 122 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction and arthroscopic internal fixation removal at 1 year after reconstruction were included in this study. Of these cases, 61 cases underwent ACL reconstruction using the remnant-preserved technique (preservation group);the other 61 cases underwent ACL reconstruction using non remnant-preserved technique (non preservation group). There was no significant difference in gender, age, injury side, body mass index, type of injury, the time from injury to reconstruction, and the result of KT-2000 examination between 2 groups (P<0.05). The reconstructed ACL were observed under arthroscopy when internal fixation was removed, and the effectiveness was evaluated according to the criteria of AO Yingfang. ResultsIn preservation group, the results were excellent in 34 cases, good in 22 cases, fair in 4 cases, and poor in 1 case;and in non preservation group, the results were excellent in 29 cases, good in 20 cases, fair in 10 cases, and poor in 2 cases;and there was no significant difference between 2 groups (Z=-1.320, P=0.187). ConclusionIn ACL reconstruction, the remnant-preserved technique is not obviously better than non remnant-preserved technique in the integrity, tension, membrane covering, and color.
Quantitative assessment of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease is the key for precise diagnosis and treatment and essential for long term management over years. The challenges of quantitative assessment on Parkinson's disease are rich information, ultra-low load, long term and large range monitoring in free-moving condition. In this paper, we developed wearable devices with multiple sensors to monitor and quantify the movement symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Five wearable sensors were used to record motion signals from bilateral forearms, legs and waist. A local area network based on low power Wi-Fi technology was built for long distance wireless data transmission. A software was developed for signal recording and analyzing. The size of each sensor was 39 mm×33 mm×16 mm and the weight was 18g. The sensors were rechargeable and able to run 12 hours. The wireless transmission radius is about 45 m. The wearable devices were tested in patients and normal subjects. The devices were reliable and accurate for movement monitoring in hospital.