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胶质瘤中异柠檬酸脱氢酶1突变的研究进展

近年来在神经胶质瘤中发现了异柠檬酸脱氢酶1（IDH1）基因的点突变。IDH1突变导致酶原有活性下降，同时获得新的将α-酮戊二酸转化为2-羟戊二酸的功能。IDH1突变在胶质瘤发生中的机制、诊断价值、预后判断和靶向治疗已得到了广泛的研究，现对其进行综述。

Expression of Fringe in the Asthmatic Mouse Model

Objective To investigate the expressions of β1, 3-N-acetyl glucosaminyl transfrases ( Fringe) ( RFNG, LFNG and MFNG) in lung tissues and lung T cells isolated from asthmatic mice, and to explore the role of Fringe in pathogenesis of asthma. Methods Asthmatic BALB/ c mouse model was established by inhalation of ovalbumin after intraperitoneal injection. Meanwhile, the control groups were established by normal saline. Lung tissues were sampled after 24 hours since the last stimulation. T cells were isolated from the lung tissues using percol and NylonFiber. The mRNA expressions of three kinds of Fringe in the lung tissues and lung T cells were examined by reverse transcription-PCR ( RT-PCR) . The protein expressions of Fringe in the lung tissues were detected by Western blot. Results The mRNA expressions of RFNG, LFNG and MFNG were detectable in the lung tissues and lung T cells. The mRNA expressions of RFNG increased in the asthmatic group compared with the control group( lung tissues: 0. 92 ±0. 35 vs 0. 51 ±0. 13, P lt; 0. 01; lung T cells: 0. 33 ±0. 06 vs 0. 18 ±0. 07, P lt; 0. 01) . LFNG mRNA had lower expression level in the asthmatic group( lung tissue: 0. 77 ±0. 32 vs 1. 61 ±0. 31, P lt; 0. 01; lung T cells: 0. 49 ±0. 19 vs 0. 71 ±0. 03, P lt;0. 01) . No difference on the mRNA expression of MFNG was found in the lung tissues( 1. 44 ±0. 29 vs 1. 70 ±0. 44, P gt; 0. 05) . MFNG mRNA expression decreased in the asthmatic group compared with the control group in the T cells( 1. 17 ±0. 04 vs 0. 68 ±0. 07, P lt;0. 05) . The results of western blot were consistent with RT-PCR results of the lung tissues. The expressions of RFNG increased in the asthmatic group( 1. 17 ±0. 04 vs 0. 68 ±0. 07, P lt;0. 05) . The expression of MFNG has no difference between two groups( 8. 10 ±0. 60 vs 9. 12 ±0. 07, P gt;0. 05) . LFNG had a lower expression in the asthmatic group( 4. 11 ±0. 38 vs 6. 41 ±0. 11, P lt; 0. 05) . Conclusion The abnormal expressions of three kinds of Fringe may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma.

Study on Risk Factors in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy by Different Gender

【摘要】 目的 探讨男性和女性糖尿病肾病患者危险因素之间的差异。方法 收集2004年1月—2008年12月以糖尿病肾病为诊断的住院患者1 300例,根据入院日期以系统的方法随机纳入650例患者,排除20例尿常规正常和血肌酐值正常的患者,共630例,其中男342例,女288例,平均年龄65岁。288例女性患者中有271例为绝经后妇女,平均年龄48岁。比较女性和男性糖尿病肾病患者危险因素的差别。结果 ①绝经后糖尿病肾病患者占女性患者的94.1%；②女性糖尿病肾病患者组收缩压、脉压及糖化血红蛋白水平高于男性糖尿病肾病患者组,两者有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)；③两组患者在发病年龄,病程,糖尿病家族史,空腹血糖水平,低密度脂蛋白,高密度脂蛋白,血肌酐,24 h尿蛋白定量、是否使用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂,血管紧张素受体拮抗剂,胰岛素,是否透析,死亡率均无统计学意义(Pgt;0.05)。结论 在女性糖尿病肾病患者中绝经后妇女所占比例较高,女性糖尿病肾病患者收缩压、脉压及糖化血红蛋白水平均高于男性糖尿病肾病患者,雌激素的水平可能导致差异的产生。

Analysis of iron regulated locus in Klebsiella Pneumoniae isolates from blood culture of liver abscess patients in Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital

Objective To investigate the iron regulated locus in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from blood culture of liver abscess patients in Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital. Methods From January to December of 2015, a total of 10 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were collected from blood culture of liver abscess patients from Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital. The genomic DNA was extracted to identify the genes of iroB, iroC, and iroD by PCR, and data was further analyzed by Graphpad Prism 5 software. Results Among the 10 Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strains, 9 strains were iroB positive strains, 9 strains were iroC positive strains, and 10 strains were iroD positive strains, 9 strains were iroB/C/D triple positive. Conclusion The current study suggests that the frequency of triple positive of iroB/C/D in Klebsiella pneumoniae is high in isolates from liver abscess patients, the triple positive of iroB/C/D may contribute to liver abscess.

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF OSTEOCLASTS FUNCTION BEYOND BONE RESORPTION

ObjectiveTo review the osteoclasts (OC) function beyond bone resorption. MethodsThe related literature on OC function beyond bone resorption was reviewed, analyzed, and summarized. ResultsOC control the bone formation through releasing of matrix-derived growth factors, bidirectional cell-to-cell signals, and secreting OC-coupling factors, and play an important role in the niche formation, hematopoietic stem cells mobilization, and maintenance of its quantity and function;besides, OCs also regulate angiogenesis. ConclusionThese discoveries greatly enrich the current knowledge of OC function and open up an all-new research domain. However, the exact regulatory mechanism of OC affecting the hematopoiesis is still lack in-depth understood. Additionally, it remains to be elucidated how OC-coupling factors act on osteoblast lineage differentiation and how OC-induced angiogenesis participates in physiological and pathological processes. Unclosing the underlying mechanisms will facilitate providing scientific therapeutic strategies for treatment of many OC-related diseases.

Efficacy of internal limiting membrane peeling and transplantation for the treatment of idiopathic macular hole

ObjectiveTo compare the results of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling with and without ILM transplantation to treat idiopathic macular hole (IMH) with hole form factor (HFF)<0.6. MethodsForty patients (40 eyes) of IMH with HFF<0.6 who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) were enrolled in this study. 20 eyes was performed PPV combined with ILM peeling (ILM peeling group), the other 20 eyes was performed PPV combined with ILM peeling and ILM transplant (ILM transplant group). The follow-up was ranged from 3 to 6 months with an average of 4 months. The changes of closing rate of hole, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction defect diameter and amplitude of wave P1 of ring 1 and ring 2 by multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) were comparatively analyzed for the two groups. ResultsIn 3 months after surgery, the IMH closing rate was 70% (14/20) in the ILM peeling group, and 100% (20/20) in the ILM transplant group, the difference between these two groups was significant (χ2=7.059, P<0.05). Postoperative BCVA was improved obviously in the two groups compared to preoperative BCVA, the difference was significant (t=4.017, 4.430; P<0.05). The rate of BCVA improvement in the ILM peeling group and ILM transplant group were 80% and 85%, the difference was not significant (χ2=0.173, P>0.05). The rate of significantly BCVA improvement in the ILM peeling group and ILM transplant group were 35% and 70%, the difference was significant (χ2=4.912, P<0.05). IS/OS junction defect (t=6.368, 6.635; P<0.05) and amplitude of wave P1 of ring 1 (t=2.833, 4.235) and ring 2 (t=2.459, 4.270) by mfERG in the two groups were improved after operation. The differences of postoperative IS/OS junction defect (t=2.261, P<0.05) and amplitude of wave P1 of ring 2 between the two groups were significant (t=2.282, P<0.05), but the differences of postoperative amplitude of wave P1 of ring 1 between two groups was not different (t=1.800, P>0.05). ConclusionPPV combined with ILM peeling and ILM transplantation can significantly improve the closure rate and vision of IMH with HFF<0.6.

Analysis of iron acquisition and transportation system in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates

ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between the genes involved in regulating iron uptake and maintaining iron homeostasis in Klebsiella pneumoniae from different sources and pathogenicity.MethodsThe genomic DNA sequences of two strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae from different sources were sequenced, stitched together, annotated and analyzed by second generation sequencing technique. The transversal comparison between different types of Klebsiella pneumoniae in NCBI database of iron carrier gene cluster iroB/C/D.ResultsIn these two Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strains, the strain isolated from liver abscess patient carried 11 different iron acquisition and transportation system specific genes, which were not found in the non-liver abscess patient strain. Combined with the analysis of this sequence, in the NCBI database, six different strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae showed iroB/C/D triple positive.ConclusionIron acquisition and transportation system in Klebsiella pneumoniae may be an important pathogenic factor, which is closely related to hepatic abscess.

Current Status and Prospect of Tissue-Engineered Bile Duct

ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of tissue-engineered bile duct in recent years. MethodsThe related literatures about the tissue-engineered bile duct were reviewed. ResultsIn recent years, the research of tissue-engineered bile duct has made a breakthrough in scaffold materials, seed cells, growth factors etc. However, the tissue-engineered bile duct is still in the research stage of animal experiments, which can not be directly applied to clinical practice. ConclusionsThe research of tissue-engineered bile duct becomes popular at present. With the rapid development of materials science and cell biology, the basic research and clinical application of tissue-engineered duct will be more in-depth research and extension, which might bring new ideas and therapeutic measures for patients with biliary defect or stenosis.

跨上皮离子导入角膜胶原交联治疗玻璃体切割手术后角膜上皮迁延不愈一例

升主动脉不接触技术在非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术中的应用

目的 总结升主动脉不接触技术在非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(offpump CABG)中的应用经验,以减少术后脑卒中的发生。 方法 回顾分析31例合并升主动脉粥样硬化冠心病患者的临床资料，男25例，女6例；年龄58~78岁，平均年龄71.3岁。5例联合应用offpump CABG和经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术（PTCA）杂交技术治疗，其余26例均采用常规胸骨正中切口径路行offpump CABG。9例双侧乳内动脉原位移植；16例以左乳内动脉为惟一的供血来源，大隐静脉或桡动脉近端与左乳内动脉端侧吻合；1例大隐静脉近端吻合到无名动脉。所有患者主动脉根部均无吻合口。 结果 5例“杂交”手术患者共经PTCA植入支架6枚，26例胸骨正中开胸患者移植血管74支（2~4支/例），全组患者手术均顺利完成，痊愈出院，无院内死亡。术后心绞痛消失24例，明显缓解7例。发生心房颤动2例，行二次开胸手术1例，肺部感染2例，切口感染1例，无围术期心肌梗死和神经系统并发症发生。随访29例，随访3个月~3年，失访2例。随访期间无死亡，1例行“杂交”手术患者术后1年心绞痛再发，其余28例患者生活质量良好，无神经、精神系统并发症发生。 结论 对合并升主动脉粥样硬化的冠心病患者，采用offpump CABG结合升主动脉不接触技术治疗，可有效地减少术后神经系统并发症的发生，临床效果满意。